US1071789A

US1071789A - Hydroturbine-aspirator.

Info

Publication number: US1071789A
Application number: US58615910A
Authority: US
Inventors: Thomas O Perry
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1910-10-10
Filing date: 1910-10-10
Publication date: 1913-09-02
Anticipated expiration: 1930-09-02

Description

T. 0. PERRY.

HYDROTURBINE ASPIRATOR.

APPLIOATION FILED OUT. 10, 1910.

1,071,789. P ented Sept. 2, 1913.

THOMAS O. PERRY, OF

OAK PARK, ILLINOIS.

tHYDROTURBINE-ASPIRATOB.

To all whom/2'15 may concern:

Be it known .that I, Tnoams O. PERRY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oak Park, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Hydroturbine-Aspirator, .of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to .improvements ini hydroturbine aspirators in which a partial vacuum is produced and maintained through adhesion or entrainment of the air by water or other liquid to which either actual or rel- I ative velocityis imparted by a whirling motion of theapparatus; and the objects of my improvements aregfirst, to obtain a relative vacuum by rapidremoval of air from a; chamber or tube, partially or wholly closed, by means of liquid entrainment and with-, out undue consumption or waste of the liq-g uid used; second, to avoid the need ofanyf kind of valves, pistons, packing and strain-l are such as encumber ordinary apparatus employed for maintaining vacuums; and,l third, to provide for effectually intercept-g ing, by the entraining water or liquid, all; dust with which the air may-be laden. l

I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawing in; which Figure ;1 isa vertical section of the entire machine; and F ig. 2a sectional plan of the; apparatus taken below the plane indicatedl byi'the broken line 2-2 on Fig. 1.

Similar letters refer to similar throughout the several views. A liquid receptacleor cask A, is partially filled with water as indicated in Fig. 1, Submerged in the water are two plates or disks, B, B, placed coaxially one above the other with a suitable interval between. The space between these disks is divided by ver-. tical partitions, C, C, which extend from the outer 'periphery toward the axis. A single bolt, '13, serves to clamp the disks against the partitions. The additional short partitions, C, C, need not extend to the outer periphery and are intended to act only as separators for the disks. A hollow shaft, E, connects the center of the upper disk, B, with a grooved pulley, or sheave, F, mounted just above the cask, A,.in convenient position to be driven by a belt which, in turn, may be driven by a motor of any kind. The sheave, F, andshaft, E, are supported and turn on a'ball bearing, G, which rests on the did, H, of the cask. This lid rests on the parts Specification of LsttersPatent.

Application filed October 1.0,

theclamping bolt 1).

Patented Sept. 2, 191a. 1910. Serial No. 586,159.

annular cask head A whose aperture is large enough to permit insertion or removal of the disks, B, B. The pipe flanges, J, J, clamping the perforated bottom, A of the cask, serve for connecting the suction tube, K, with the central interior of the aspirator, B B (I, through the elbows, L ,L, coupling, .M,-nipples,' N P Q It, and several air ducts, S, which pierce the lower disk, B, around The nipple, B, should be .made of brass, or at least should have a smooth 'non-corrodible exterior as it forms a submerged bearing for the aspirator, which terminatesbelow in a gland, T, which clamps to thedisk, B, a bushing, U, which loosely fits over and revolves around the nipple, R.

If immersed in water, wood is a suitablematerial for the bushing, U. \Vater brakes,

A A attached to the sides of the cask reach in toward the periphery ofthe rotating aspirator'to prevent excessive whirling of the water. The submerged suction nipple, Q, has opposite perforations, Z, closed by plugs, Z, whose heads project outwardly. These plugs, Z, may occasionally be removed.to admit water with the air sucked in for flushing the apparatus when cleaning becomes necessary, but they chiefly serve the purpose of furnishing a convenient hold for a special wrench when it is desired to unscrew the submerged nipple from the flange, J

. The aspirating action of this apparatus is mainly due to a tangential mingling of liquid and air just within the peripheral opening between the disks, B, B, or between the divisional partitions, C, which divide the circumferential submerged space with wide intervals between. The whirling motion prevents the liquid penetrating far into the circumferential space, as, after flowing inward, through suction and its own natural pressure, behind each partition, it is immediately caught by, the following partition and thrown outward. Or, in the absence of dividing partitions, the liquid which gets in midway between the disks is again cast out by being whirled through adhesion between the liquid and the disks. In either case there is aconstant in and out flow of liquid in the space between the peripheries of the disks or in-the outer portions of the spaces between divisional partitions. The action is enhanced by the breaking up of the liquid into sprayas it.flows through'the peripheral spaces. This entraining action of the liquid is effective to produce a vacuum corresponding to 6 or 8 inches of mercury with a very moderate velocity of revolution, though the disks are submerged in Water to a depth of only 5 or 6 inches. The intensity of the vacuum producable depends more upon the depths of submergence than upon the rapidity of the aspirators rotation.

While the intensity of the vacuum obtainable, in the form as shown, depends on depth of submergence rather than on speed of revolution, yet the volume of air sucked in and discharged through the water is augmented by increasing the velocity of revolution, as well as by increasing the vertical width of space between the'upper and lower disks. Where it is desirable that the vacuum produced shall not exceed a certain maximum, the tension obtainable may be regulated by the simple expedientof adjusting the depth, or amount, of water in the cask. The'vent, V, near the top of the cask, permits the escape of air discharged through the water, if the lid, H, should fit too closely. Water may be drawn off from the cask, when cleaning becomes necessary, by removing the cap from the-drain nipple, W.

- The cash is raised a suitable distance above the ground or floor by. its supports, X, through one of which the suction nipple, N, passes. The suction tube, K, extends vertically above the.water.level of the cask,

beyond which it may be extended as desired by additional piping or suction hosef As the air sucked in must come in very intimate contact with water, all dust is effectually allayed and pure air only escapes through the vent, V.

-The efliciency of the aspirator depends much upon limiting the number of partitions, 0, used, or upon the circumferential width of the spaces between partitions. As many as 12 partitions have been tried, and again, all partitions have been discarded, with good results, so far as producing ten sion in a closed chamber was concerned, but the volume of'air displaced in a given time was greatly increased step by step by gradu ally reducing the number of partitions. The best results have been obtained with two partitions oppositely placed as shown. Various modifications of construction are obviously possible, and I do not confine myself to the precise form shown, although the drawing represents to a scale the apparatus substantially as actually constructed and successfully operated. I claim:

, The combination with a receptacle contaming liqnid, of axially separated submerged plates having their, inter osed space adapted to admit the surroun ing liquid 'without restriction around the periphery,

means for rotating said plates about their common axis, partitions connecting said plates having Wide circumferential openings between adapted to receive liquid inward behind each advancing partition and to expel' the liquid so received outward in front' of the following partition, and a suction tube for air or gas communicating centrally with the interposed space between said plates, substantially as herein set forth.

2. The combination with a receptacle containing liquid, of axially separated submerged plates having'their interposed space adapted to admit the surrounding liquid without restriction around the periphery only, means for rotating said plates about their common axis, partitions connecting said plates having wide circumferential openings between adapted toreceive liquid.

inward behind each advancing partition and to expel the liquid soreceived outward in front of the following partition, and a suction tube for air or gas communicating centrally with the interposed space between said plates, substantially as herein set forth.

3. The combination with a receptacle containing liquid, of axially separated submerged plates having their intcrposed space adapted to admit the surrounding liquid without restriction around the periphery, means for rotating said plates about their common axis, partitions connecting said plates at wide circumferential intervals adapted to receive liquid inward behind each C advancing partition and to expel the liquid so received outward in front of the follow ing partition, and a suction tube for air or gas communicating interiorly with the spaces and openings between said plates and partitions, substantially as herein set forth.

4. The combination with a receptacle containing liquid, of axially separated sub merged plates havin their inter osed spacfe adapted to admit t e surroun ing liquid" without restriction around the periphery only, means for rotating said plates about,

said plates at wide circumferentialintervals their common axis, partitions connecting adapted to receive liquid inward behind" each advancing partition and to expel, the

liquid so received outward in front of the following partition, and a suction tube for air or gas communicating interiorly with the ,spaces'and openings between said plates and partitions, substantially as herein. set forth.

5. The combination with a receptacle containing liquid, of axially separated submerged plates having interposed space whose periphery is open to the surrounding liquid, artitions dividing the periphcry of said interposed spaceinto wide com;

partments, means for rotating said com?) partments in unison with said partitions about the central axis of the plates and a suction duct for air or gas leading to'the interior of said compartments, whereby air or gas may be conducted outward from between saidv plates to mingle with the liquid drawn inward behind each partition to be in turn expelled outward in front of each partition, substantially as herein set forth.

6. The combination with a receptacle containing liquid, of submerged plates having peripheries Widely separated axially, rotative partitions between said plates at wide circumferential intervals, and a duet for air leading to the interior spaces between said plates and partitions, whereby liquid flowing inward behind the partitions as they rotate is in turn expelled outward in front of each following partition thereby entraining and discharging air into said" receptacle, substantially as herein set forth.

7. The combination with a receptacle containing liquid, of submerged plates having peripheries widely separated axially, rotative partitions between said plates at wide circumferential intervals extending inward, and an air duct leading to the interior spaces between said plates and partitions, whereby liquid flowing inward behind the rotating partitions is in turn expelled outwardly in front of each following partition thereby 'entraining and discharging air into said receptacle, substantially as herein set forth.

8. The combination with a receptacle containing liquid, of submerged plates having circular peripheries widely separated axially, rotative partitions extending inward between the peripheries of said plates at wide circumferential intervals, and an air duct leading to the interior spaces between saidplatesand partitions, whereby liquid flowing inward behind the rotating partitions is in turn thrown outwardin front of each following partition thereby entraining and discharging air into said receptacle, substantially as herein set forth.

9; The combination with a receptacle containing liquid, of two or more submerged plates widely separated axially at their peripheries, rotative partitions extending in- .ward from and dividing the circumferential space between said plates at wide intervals, and an air duct leading into the interior space between said plates, whereby liquid drawn inward behind each rotating partition is in turn expelled'outward in front of each succeeding partition discharging air therewith into said receptacle, substantially "as herein set forth.

10. The combination with a receptacle containing liquid, of submerged plates axopen to the liquid around their peripheries, an air duct leading to the interior of said space, and rotative partitions extending in ward from the peripheries of said plates dividing said intervening space into compartments of wide peripheral extent open to the liquid outwardly, said compartments also having inward communication with said air duct, whereby liquid'flows inward behind said rotative partitions, and in turn is expelled in front of each following partition thereby entraining and discharging air into said receptacle, substantially as herein set forth.

11. The combination with a receptacle containing liquid, of submerged plates axially separated with intervening space wide open around their peripheries, an air duct leading to the interior of said intervening space, and rotative partitions dividing the perioherv of said intervening space oppositely into two wide peripheral.compartments open outwardly to the surroimding liquid and communicating inwardly with said air duct, whereby liquid flowing in- .ward behind and outward in front of the rotating partitions entrains and discharges air into said receptacle, substantially as herein set forth.

12. The combination with a receptacle containing liquid, of an air duct leading into said liquid beneath its surface, and rotative compartments operatively submerged arranged around and communicating interiorly with said air duct, said compartments also havin wide peripheral openings through which liquid may flow in at the leading edges and out at the trailing edges thereof, ,whereby air is entrained and discharged into the liquid of said receptacle, substantially as herein set forth.

The combination with a.receptacle containing liquid, of submerged rotative disks or plates axially separated with intermediate space betwcen wide open around the periphery, an air duct leading centrally to the interior of said intermediate space, and radial partitions separating and connecting the peripheries of said dlsks on two diametrically opposite sides, whereby liquid flowing inward behind said partitions as they rotate is in turn expelled in front of them thereby entraining and discharging air into said receptacle,substantially as herein set forth.

THOMAS O. PERRY. Witnesses:

O. C. Bownns, MARY F. LINCOLN.