US1069709A - Electromagnetic reciprocating motor. - Google Patents

Description

. 3., LE BLANC.

ELEGTROMAGHETIG RECIPROCATING MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 18, 1909.

1,069,709. Patented Aug. 12, 1913.

INVENTOR' ATTORNEYS.

ALEXIS LE IBLANC, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

I ELECTROMAGNETIC RECIPROCATING MOTOR.

- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 12,1913.

Application filed May 18, 1909. Serial No. 496,823.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALExIs LE BLANC, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Electromagnetic Reciprocating Motors, of which the following is a full, clear, and eX- act description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates particularly to electromagnetic motors provided with solenoids having a core which is caused to automaticall; vibrate or reciprocate rapidly by having the circuit closing, or make and break device, operated by the reciprocating core.

Many. devices of this general character have been devised in which a Single or compound solenoid has been used, but these have proven unsatisfactory for high speed and heavy work, such as is required to operate riveting hammers, drills, large gongs, and for similar uses.

In the long single coil solenoid, the inductance in the coil and the lag of the magnetism or magnetic hysteresis, makes it impossible to magnetize and demagnetize the solenoid and core rapidly enough to get high speed vibrations, such as required in riveting hammers and similar devices. When the solenoid is progressively magnetized as in some forms, the speed of reciprocation will be even slower than with the single long solenoid.

The object of my invention is to overcome these objections and obtain rapid vibrations of the core and powerful blows thereby as well. I accomplish this by combining a number of short isolated solenoids with a corresponding number of isolated core pieces and energizing all the solenoids at once. By the term isolated is meant the segregation of the magnetic fields of the individual solenoids by air spaces and the interposition of plates of nonmagnetic material. Furthermore, I separate the respective core pieces by pieces of nonmagnetic metal, thereby providing a short isolated core for each solenoid. The short length individual section.

solenoids can be rapidly magnetized and demagnetized, and by combining the effect of a plurality of such short-length solenoids, it will be readily understood that the power exerted by the vibrating compound core will be multiplied and the rapidity of vibration will depend only upon the length of time required to magnetize one of the short length solenoids, and since all are magnetized at once, the resulting blow given by the compound plunger core will depend upon the number of short-length isolated solenoids used.

I have shown my improved reciprocating motor in connection with a riveting han1- mer, but it will be understood that it can be used in connection with numerous other appliances, wherein a powerful, rapid reciprocating device is required.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 represents an electric riveting hammer, the case and some of the solenoids being shown in Fig. 2 represents a cross-section taken along the line wrc of Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the make and break device; and Fig. 4 is a modification of the core.

Similar letters of reference refer to like parts throughout the specification and drawings.

The short solenoids A, of which a number are used to make up the compound solenoid of the electromagnetic hammer shown in F ig, 1, may-be constructed in any suitable manner, but as here shown, the coil (4 is wound on a brass tubular bushing 12. The field magnet or external magnetic circuit is laminated, being composed of bars 0 made up of plates of soft iron suitably arranged to concentrate the magnetic lines of force through the axis of the individual coils.

To provide a circular outline for the solenoids in order that they may be more readily =mounted in the round tubular casing e, I

have bunched the soft iron plates into radial bars C, as indicated in Fig. 2. It will be seen that this arrangement of the laminated bars about the solenoid coil permits the free access of air to cool the coils, and the 013311- ings f thus formed serve as channels through which to run'the connecting wires 9 and h which are here diagrammatically shown outside the case. The short solenoids A are capped at each end by plates 7: of brass or other nonmagnetic material, and separated by air spaces, thus tending to isolate the fields of force of the individual solenoids. The plates is are secured to the casing c in any suitable manner, thereby holding the solenoids in place. The series of solenoids are spaced apart as shown in Fig. 1, the distance between them being practically equivalent to the length of the magnetic circuit of the individual solenoids.

The cores a? are practically the same length as the laminated field magnet bars a, and the several cores (Z are rigidly united by intermediate pieces Z of brass, aluminium, bronze or other nonmagnetic metal, thereby isolating the cores so that each solenoid will act upon its own core piece, but since all the cores are united to form the plunger rod D, the combined effect will be transmitted to the hammer, drill or other tool used. A chuck m is mounted upon the forward end of the plunger D, in which is secured the hammer head a.

Between the casing head 6 and the chuck m is shown a buffer 0 of rubber or other material to limit the motion of and cushion the return blow of the plunger when it is retracted by the spring 79 at its opposite end. One end of the spring 79 thrusts against a collar 1* which is secured to the plunger D, while the other end rests against the )late k of the end solenoid. The series of solenoids are here shown connected in parallel, but they may be connected up in any manner, so long as the circuit is closed through all at the same time, but to cause a rapid vibration of the plunger D, the circuit must be broke-n at or near the end of the forward stroke, when the plunger is retracted by the spring g0. To accomplish this make and break, any suitable arrangement may be employed, but the one here shown consists of a spool s of fiber or other insulating material, upon which is secured the metal ring t. The spool is mounted to slide upon a rod u secured in the end of the plunger D. The spool s has a ring hump s at its middle, which acting in conjunction with the contact springs o, holds the spool in position with the contact springs closing the circuit through the metal ring t, or with the circuit broken by the insulatlng spool s. The normal position of the spool s and contact springs o is shown in Fig. 1, this being the position of the parts when the circuit is broken at the key to and the plunger is at rest.

As a means for keeping the solenoids cool while in action, the end of the rod u on the plunger D is provided with a shouldered head a to which is secured a piston :22 hav ing inwardly opening valves y whereby air is drawn in through the hole a in the handle cap 2, and forced through the tubular case 0 about the solenoids and out the holes 0 in the forward end cap 6. Valves 6 close the holes 0 on the return stroke of the plunger and piston. Holes in the solenoid plates is opposite the spaces 7 between the laminated field magnets c facilitate the passage of the air through the tube.

The wires g, g, k and 72. may readily be concealed in the tubular casing c, between the laminated bars 0, the lead-in wires passing to the interior of the casing to the conduit E in the lower part of the handle 2, while the connections to the switch or pass into the tubular casing through a conduit F in the upper part of the handle, but, as stated above, the connections are here shown outside the casing that they may be more readily traced. A condenser G or other device may be inserted across the contact springs 41 .to kill the spark when the circuit is broken by the spool s as the plunger reciprocates.

The electric hammer or reciprocating motor is started by closing the circuit at the key w when the current will pass, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1, through the contact springs 'v and through the metal ring 2. and about the solenoids, thereby drawing the cores d to the central position in their respective solenoids, the pull of the compound plunger being against the retracting sprin p. Until near the end of the stroke of t e plunger, the spool 8 slides on the rod u when the shouldered head a strikes the spool and carries it forward, the' the spool a, and carries it back until the hump 8' again passes under the contact springs o, allowing the latter to again close the circuit through the ring t, and thus the reciprocating motion of the plunger will continue as long as the key to remains closed. During the rapid vibration of the plunger, the piston a2 is forcing a current of fresh air through the tubular casing, thereby tending to keep the solenoids and moving parts 'cool, besides acting as a dust-blower.

As an alternative construct-ion of the core plunger, I may provide a continuous integral core of magnetic material, in which the sections are separated by reduced portions of the metal, as illustrated in Fig. 4. This construction consists of the rod D having the core portions proper of the usual diameter, and the intermediate portions Z reduced in diameter. In this method of construction, the reduced portions Z being more turn stroke, the end of the plunger picks up remote from the field of force, are less magnetically permeable than the portlons which have a. larger diameter.

I claim:

1. An electromagnetic reciprocating mocause a simultaneous movement of said cores in one direction and spring mechanism for reversing said movement.

2. An electromagnetic.reciprocating motor, consisting of a plurality of magnetically isolated axially alined solenoids, aplurality of magnetically isolated, axially alined cores Within said solenoids, automatic means for simultaneously energizing said solenoids to cause a simultaneous movement of said cores in one direction and spring mechanism for reversing said movement. 1

3. An electromagnetic reciprocating de vice comprising a plurality of axially alined isolated solenoids, an equal number of isolated axially alined rigidl connected cores therefor and means for slmultaneously energizing said solenoids.

4. An electroma etic reciprocating mo tor comprising a p urality of axially alined isolated solenoids, an equal number of axially alined rigidly connected isolated cores therefor and means for simultaneously magnetizing or demagnetizing said solenoids.

5. An electromagnetic reciprocating m0- tor, comprising a plurality of isolated solenoids provided with end plates of nonmagnetic material, said solenoids being separated by air spaces, a plurality of plunger cores one for each of said solenoids, means for connecting said cores to reciprocate in unison, said connections being composed of nonmagnetic material and means for closing an electric circuit for simultaneously energizing said solenoids.

6. An electromagnetic reciprocating motor, comprising a plurality of axially alined magnetically isolated solenoids, a plurality of plunger cores one for each of said solenoids, said cores being rigidly connected to reciprocate in unison, resilient means for holding said cores out of the central position with respect to said solenoids and means for closing the electric circuit and rapidly energizing the solenoids simultaneously, thereby drawing the respective cores to said central position and automatic means for breaking the circuit when said cores reach said central position.

7. An electromagnetic reciprocating motor comprising a plurality of axially alined magnetically isolated solenoids, a plurality of magnetically isolated reciprocating cores one for each of said solenoids, said cores be'-' ing integrally connected to reciprocate in unison connections for simultaneously energizing said solenoids, and automatic means controlled by the reciprocating cores for alternately making and breaking an electric circuit through said connections, whereby said cores are caused to reciprocate rapidly.

8. An electro-magnetic reciprocatory motor, comprising a series of axially alined magnetically isolated 'solenoids and an equal number of axially alined rigidly connected cores therefor, and means for magnetizing or demagnetizing a plurality of said solenoids simultaneously.

9. In an electromagnetic reciprocatin m0- tor, the combination of a plurality 0 isolated solenoids secured in a tubular casing, a plurality of isolated cores united by nonmagnetic bars to form a compound plunger one for each of said solenoids, electric and resilient means for rapidly reciprocating said plunger, a piston head fitting said tubular casing and secured to the end of said plunger and valves in said piston, whereby air will be forced through said tubular casing when said plunger reciprocates.

10. In an electromagnetic reciprocating motor, the combination of a plurality of isolated solenoids secured in a tubular casing, a compound plunger comprising a plurality of isolated cores one for each of said sole noids, one end of said plunger passing through and extending beyond the forward end of said tubular casing and a tool chuck secured to said extending end of said plunger.

11. In an electromagnetic reciprocating motor, the combination of a plurality of isolated solenoids secured in a tubular casing, a compound plunger comprising a plurality of isolated cores one for each of said solenoids, one end of said plunger passing through and extending beyond the forward end of said tubular casing, a 'tool chuck secured to said extending end of said plunger and a buffer between. said chuck and the forward end of said tubular casing for regulating and cushioning the return stroke of said plunger.

12. In an electromagnetic reciprocating motor, the combination of a plurality of isolated solenoids secured in a tubular casing, a compound plunger comprising a plurality of isolated cores one for each of said solenoids, one end of said plunger assing through and extending beyond the orward end of said tubular casing, a tool chuck secured to said extending end of said plunger and a handle secured to the opposite end of said tubular casing, whereby the tool is held in operative position.

1?. In an electromagnetic reciprocating motor, the combination of a plurality of iso- 'lated solenoids secured in a tubular casing, tubular easingand a key on said handle for a compound plunger comprising a plurality closing the circult through sald solenolds. 10

of isolated cores one for each of said sole- This specification signed and witnessed noids, one end of said plunger passing this 11th day of May, 1909. 5 through and extending beyond the forward ALEXIS LE BLANC.

end of said tubular casing, a tool chuck se- \Vitnesses: cured to said extending end of said plunger, LOUIS M. SANDERS, a handle secured to the opposite end of said C. A. ALLISTON.

" Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, 1 Washington, D. G.

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