US10664A - Charles t - Google Patents

Description

DY-BI'NG.

No. 10,664. Patented Mar. 21, 1854.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEi CHARLES T. 'APPLETON OF ROXBURY, MASSACHUSETTS.

PROCESS FOR DYEING.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 10,664, dated March 21, 1854.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, CHARLES T. APPLEToN, of Roxbury, in the county of Norfolk and- Cominonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improve ments in' the Art of Dyeing; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and

exact description of the same,.reference be! ing had to the annexed drawings, making,

part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a view of the machinery of which I make use, showing the method by which it is actuated; Fig. 2, a section through the same, and Fig. 3 a view of the parts which communicate the alternate rotary motion to the rollers.

In the machines now used'in dyeing the goods having been stitched together, are4 run in onel direction over rollers immersed in a vat containing dyeing liquor. For certain colors which take very readily to the cloth or the mordants .with which it has been saturated, this process is found effectual and cheap, but experience has proved that many colors cannot be put on uniformly and with exact-ness by these machines, and for such the dyer has been obliged to resort to hand dyeing, in which process, thel goods having been stitched together, eightI or ten pieces are wound or reeled ybythe opy erative for their entire length through a tub I or vat of dyeing liquor, and this operation is i often many times repeated before the rel quired shade of color is attained.

In my invention the vat and rollers used are similar to the machines now in use (exf cept that the rollers being smaller moref` cloth is contained in the vat) kbut the mo= tion instead of beingin one direction is re- The rollers are alternately roi ciprocal. tated in one direction and the opposite carrying the cloth only a few feet in each direction in such a manner thatv the whole l fabric is immersed in the dyeing liquor sevthat may be required for the kind of color or t-lie depth of 'shade to be produced, while,

by a motion in one direction the speed of the machine would have to be differently adjusted to every varietyof'color and shade wanted, and the first pieces in a series of goods passing slowly through the vat would absorb the coloring matter, making a deiiciency for those which followed.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my inventionI will proceed to describe the method in which I have carried it out.

-A is the vat which contains the dyeing liquor; B', a strong frame of suitable material fitting closely within the vat, but which may at any time be withdrawn therefrom.

'In the upper bars of this frame run the roll` ers a a and in the lower bars of the frame the carrying rollers 6,. c are cog-wheels upon the shaft-s of the extrem-e rollers of the upper series, which engage with the gear wheels d upon the line shaft e by which ymeans the rollers a are driven in the manner to be hereinafter described. Any num ber of the intermediate rollers may be simi` larly driven which may be deemed necessaryV to prevent injury from too great tension of the cloth. Immediately over the rollers at are placed other rollers f which press the cloth to the surface of the rollers a, and as the latter are turned, the cloth is fed backl i and forth through the machine..v

the other of two worm gears it h in the following manner: i is a metallicframe hinged at 7c to the post C. le is a metallic arin in which the frame z" rests, the latter les being thrown over into the position'seenin f Fig. 3 by the spring Z. m2 m3 are vertical shafts running in the frame z" and carrying the worm gear h ZL. These shafts are driven by the co-rds a a from the main driving pulley D.

per extremity a cam p which bearsagainst the side of the frame i. This cam is con 'structed of two segments of circles of differ-v 0 is a shaft suitably'- boxed in the arm 7c and carrying at its upf ent radii, and so arranged that when the K' segment of longer radius bears against the i frame c" it shall cause the worm gear h to engage with the wheel g as in Fig. l, and' when the short radius of the cam 79 bea-rs against the frame, the latter is thrown byV ythe spring Z intofthe position seen in Fig.

g is a cog wheel upon the shaft` e which ,910 l is caused to engage alternately with one or- 3 in which the wheel g is driven by the Operation: The cloth is threaded into the- `machine as seen in Fig. 2. The frame is- Vplaced in the vat which receives the requi- The latter,

site quantity of dyeing liquor. should rise at least sufficiently high to cover the lower` rollers Z). An intermittent rot-ary motion is then communicated to the rollers d as described, by vwhich means the cloth is repeatedly passed through the dyeing liquor. The operation being watched by the attendant, who immediately withdraws the dye liquor or the cloth as he sees the desired color is attained.

Theframe may be withdrawn from the vat, or the jmachinery may be so arranged that the revolution ofthe cam p may be interrupted at any moment, in `which case the rollers will continue to revolve in one direction and the cloth will be'run out of the machine. Y

It is evident that a variety of methods may be adopted for the purpose of producing the intermittent rotary motion of the rollers. The one above described, however,

I have found to be both simple and efficient. There are also other methods of feeding the 'p cloth through the machine which may at l times befound useful, for instance,-in place 1 of the rollers a f', a single roller may be employed at each end of the machine, to which are attached short aprons, to which the ends of the cloth may be stitched, and in this manner the eXtreme ends ofthe string of goods will be equally well dyed with any part of it. The exact amount of surface motion to be given to the rollers is not i malterial. In general however itshould not be less than double the distance between the upper and lower rollers.

The advantages which my machine pos- -sesses over those heretofore in use result from the fact that many colors which can- I not be dyed upon the old machines may be applied by it without diiliculty, and thus the tedious and expensive process of hand dyeing may be dispensed with. One diiiculty with the old machines arises from the fact that the dye liquor as before stated, becomes sensibly weakened before the cloth has passed once through it, and thus the goods are no-t uniformly` dyed. Another results from the fact that in passing through the vat once in the old machines, the cloth made many dips into the dye liquor or remained for a considerable time immersed in it, and thus it often happened that the shade produced by onc'e running through the machine was not sufficiently intense, while that produced by a secondY passage was deeper than was required. In both these intances the hand machine has heretofore been resortedto.I The diiiiculties 'are, however, in each case removed by the employment of my machine,\as the whole of the cloth is immersed almost at the same instant, andthe operation may be watched Vas it proceeds, and the cloth or the liquor withdrawn at any instant the desired shade is attained. a

I do not intend to lilnit myself .to any particular machinery for the purpose of producing the reciprocating motion of the cloth, as this forms no part of my inven* ytio-n, and a great variety of machinery may be employed for the purpose, which may be actuated either by hand or by other power. And, I do not intend running the cloth through the machine from end to` end back and forth as has heretofore been prac ticed in machine and hand dyeing; but `What I do claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent vis- Communicating to the goods while in the vata reciprocating motion back and forth of at least double the distance from the upper rollers to the surface of the liquor, so as to insure the immersion of the whole material Vonce for each vibration, by which means I am enabled to `give to the whole of the fabric any required number of dips,

Witnesses: v

S. Gr. SNELLING, WM. C. APPLETON.

o. APPLETON.

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