US1064885A - Machine for sharpening razor-blades. - Google Patents

Description

J. A. CARDINBLL. MACHINE POR `SHMPLNING lRAZOR BLADES.

IPLIUATION ILED NOV. 4, 191Z.`

.Patented June` 1'?, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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, d ATTORNEY J. A. GA'RDINELl MACHINE POR SHARPBNING RAZOR BLADES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 4. 19 12.

'Patented June 17,1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

' l f lNvENToR y@ Q, CMM,

J. A. GABDINELL. MACHINE POR SHARPENING RAZOR BLADES.

' APPLIU'ATI'ON FILED Nov. 4, 1912,

4 SHEETS-SHEBT 3.

-wlTNEssEs IINVENTOR jm d, (av-Mm BY' h y v l ATTORNY Patented June 17, 1913.

J. A. GARDINELL. MACHINE POR-SHARPEMNG RAZOR BLADES. APPLICATION FILED Nov. 4, 19 12.

Patented June 17, l1.91.3;

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.-

71 y ATTORNEY parra 'IOHN A. CARDINELI., 0F SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

I MACHINE FOR SHARPENING .RAZOR-BLADES.

Spcification of Letters Patent.

To all whom z' may concern i .y

Be it known that I, J oHN A. CARDINELL, a

citizen of the United States` residing atSan- Francisco, in the county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Machines for Sharpening Razor-Blades, of which the following isa specification.

One object of the present invention is to provide a anac'hine for sharpening a razor blade which will` sharpen opposite sidesof its cutting edge alternately, and in very rapid alternat-ions automatically; also one adapted to sharpen a blade having two cutting edges, 'and by which both edges of the blade will be sharpened at the same time, rst on one side, and vthen on the other side Y by' which this result can `be obtained by the continuous rotation of an operating shaft; in which, if the operating shaft is turned in the wrong direction, the machine will not be actuated; in which it will be impossible for-either ,cutting edge of the blade to be brought into contact. with the sharpening means, excepti1nder proper conditions for sharpening the blade thereon, so that it will be impossible for said blade to cut said sharpening means or to be injured thereby.; also having convenient means for'holding the blade while heilig sharpened, and from which it may be readily remoyed; also'hav-A ing means insuring tha-t the blade will be held accurately in the proper position for being sharpened; also in which the blade will be held adjustably, thereby enabling irregular wear upon the sharpening surfaces to be avoided; also one which is capable of holding and sharpening blades of safety razors of nearly'all makes; also having improved means for pressing the edge of the blade firmly against the sharpening means.

In vthe accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a front view of Amy improved machine; Fig. 2 is a broken end View thereof; Fig. 3 is a detail sectionalvicw; Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are vertical sectional views on the line 4-4, 545, and 6-6 respectively of Fig. 1v; Fig. 7 is a plan view of the blade-holding frame detached; Fig. 8 is a sectional view thereof; Fig. 9 is a detail cross-section of the bladeholder; Fig. 10 is a detail sectional view of a clamping plate and spring; Fiv 11 is a plan view of the blade holder detac ied Fig.

plate. detached; Fig. 13 is a similar view of a slide; Fig. 14 is a detail side view of a.

doubleacting.spring; Figs. 15 and 16 are diagrammatic end views showing the relative positions of the rolls and blade.

Referring to the drawing, 1 indicates a base, suitably apertured to permit of its attachment to a table or other support, upon Patented June 17, isis. Application filed November 4, 1912. Serial No. 729,213.

12 is a perspective view of the rack-carrying I outer end, and formed in its cylindrical sury face andextending obliquely inward from its spaced end with dianietrically opposite recesses 9, which recesses are adapted to receive pins 10 extending radially outward from ahnb 11 secured, if the machine be intended to be operated by hand, to the inner end of a crank arm 12, the outer end of which is .pivotally attached to a handle 13.. By this arrangement the shaft can, by means of said handle, he turned in one direction only, for, ifthe handle be rotated in the oppositev direction, the pins move outwardly from the oblidue recesses, and can no longer engage said recesses.

lf power' is to be employed for operating themachine, the power is applied, in any suitable way to the hub 11. On said shaft 7, at the inner side of said outer plate 2, is secureda disk 14, on the face of which, near its periphery, is secured an outwardly eX- tending pin 15 carrying a roller 16, which moves between, and engages, the lwalls of a horizontal groove 17 formed on a vertical plate 18, so that said shaft, by its rotation, imparts a vertical reciprocation to said plate Said 'plate is guided in its vertical movement partly by pinsv 19, extending out- 'wwardly from the vertical plate 4, and formed with grooves 21 engaging opposite edges of the platev18. Saidplate 18 is formed with two vertical slots 22, through which can pass shafts 23, 24, of upper and lower rolls Q5, 2G, hereinafter more `particularly described, said shafts rotating in bearings 27, secured to the outer vsides'of the plates 2 and Upon the outer side of said plate 18 and above and below said gioove '17, are secured vertical walls 28, which formguideways in verticall alinement with each other, the inner surfaces of said walls engaging rollers 29, on the shafts 23, 24. Said rollers 29 have iianges 31, which engage the inner side of the plate 1.8, and are received within circulaidepressi'ons formed on the outer sides of pinions secured to said shafts 23, 24. On the inner side of said vert-ical plate 18 is formed a rack 36 having teeth engagingsaid piiiions 33, 34, whereby from the reciprocation of therack an oscillating motion is imparted to the rolls 25, 26. Said rolls 25, 26, are formed each with a deep longitudinal groove 37in its circumference, the upper edges of the grooves being rounded. Leather strops 38 are secured on i said rolls cach, having its .ends secured around wires 39. Each stro-p is stretched over its roll, sov that its ends containing the wires extend into the longitudinal groove 37. Between the ends of the leather strop,

that are inserted in the groove a plate 41, having rounded inner edges, is pressed down so that its bottom and inner edges rest against the terminal portions of the strop, and said plate is then secured to the roll by screws 42, thereby pressing the ends of the stro-p deeply into the groove and drawing it tight around the roll. The roll is formed with anges 43, which engage the edges of the strop to prevent lateral movement. on the roll, blut do not extend to the surface vof the strop, so that theblade placed in the holder can be adjusted longitudinally of the roll, thus avoiding the wearing of a'groove in the strop, and permitting the strop to be lworn evenly throughout its surface by the sharpening of the blade thereon.

From the saine ends of both rolls extend arms 51, in a direction parallel to the axesof said rolls, which arms are adapted alternately to engage outstanding arms 53 of the inner right-hand side of an oscillating bladeholder frame 56. Said frame comprises two holder guides '57, 58, having outwardly extending shafts 59 rocking in bearings 61, 62, secured on the outer sides of the Vertical plates 3 and 4 respectively. These bearings are exactly in the center,between the rolls carrying the rstrops. The guides are firmly connected at the rear ends only-by a bar 63, so that the whole frame will move ,at the same time in a true circular arc, and the action of the hereinafter described springs 74,

81 will be imparted uniformly to the frame.

The bar is located'sufliciently far from the center of theframe that, when the frame is oscillated in a circular arc', the bar will not interfere with, or strike, the rolls.

The ends' of the arms 53 extending from the guide 57, against which abut the arms 5l, extending from the rolls, as before mentioned`,'are convexly curved, in order that the action ofthe arms 51 on the arms 53 shall take place as near as possible to the vertical plane through the axes ofthe rolls and frame, thereby reducing friction, as illustrated in Figs. 14 and 15, and these arms when moved past the center of their arc of oscillation are forced to its ends by springs 74, 81. Extending outwardly, or atright angles thereto, from the vfree ends of the guides 57, 58, are pins 67, 68, which extend through arcuate slots 69, formed in the plates 3 and 4, and carry, outside said plates, collars 71. f l

The pin 68 which extends outwardly from the guide 58 passes through an aperture in o ne end of a link 72, formed with an opening 73 sufficient-ly large that the bearing 61 doesv not prevent the free oscillation of the link, the other end of said link bein'gattached to one eird'of' a coiled spring 74, of which the other end is attached to a screw 76 screwed in the outer side of the plate 3. circle described about the center of the bearing 61, the distance of the center of said slot from said screw. 7 6 is greater than the distance of either end; onsel'uentlythe tendency of the said spring is to pullthe pin 68. to the nearest end of the arcuate slot when it has passed the center.

On account of the rack'and pinions at the other end of the blade-holderframe vit, is not possible to adopt this construction 'at said end for obtaining a doubleacting spring tension. I therefore adopt the'gfollowing construction.- Around4 the pin 67 which passes through the other arcuate vslot 69 is secured a wire spring 81` having outwardly extending` arms which are normally straight. Saidarms are,ho w ever, drawn back so as to be under tension, andare passed behind grooved rollers 83 on upper and lower studs 84, 86, extending outwardly from the inner plate 4.l These studs are located in such positions, relative to the ends of said arcuate slots 6.9,that said spring arms are under greaterA tension when the pin 67 is at the middle of ythe slot than when it is at either end of the slot. Consequently saidspring acts like the spring 74 to quickly more the stud to the nearest end of the arcuate slot when it has passed its center. Thesesprings 74, 81, also act to press the blade tightly on the strop.

It will be observed that the arms exy Sincethe arcuate slot 69 is' in av when the rolls have nearly completed an oscillation, and the rack has nearly completed a reciprocation, the oscillation of the bladeholder frame being completed just about the time that. the rolls are at rest before beginning the return moycinent of oscillation.

assesses By this oscillating movement' of the bladeh'older frame, the `blade ismoved intov aposition in which its opposite edges extendl ,slightly into the rgrooves .inlthe two. rolls as shown in `-Figs. 15 and .116, Upon the return oscillatoryy movement of the rolls, the edges. of the 'blade' move o-ut 'of said groove and engagev the abradi'ng surface of the rolls,V as the rollsmove thereunder.

I provide the' following meansv for controlling the travel of the blade holder frame, and preventing the blade coming in contact with the Wrong strop. On the outer side of the vertical plate 4, and near the rear edge `thereof, there is secured, by` a. screw 88 screwed in said vertical plate/1, a vertically -reciprocable slide 89, the screw passing through a-vertical slot 91 in said slide. The front vertical edge of said slide moves against the rear vertical "face, of the rack.

It is reciprocated vertically, with the ver- 4 plate 18, which lug engages alternatelyj tical reciprooation of the rack, by a -lug 92,r

extending inwardly 'from the rack-carrylng upper and lower outwardly bent ends 93, 94, of the slide.

only at the'end of each vertical movement of the rack. A rear portion'96 of said slide is bent inwardly, at right angles to the main portion, and movesv over the rear edge of said vertical plate 4l. The inwardly bent portion 96 is not of, the full length of the portions thereof. Into these recess-es altera nately, a pin 87 extending; toward the cran-k arm from the rear portion of the guide 5T, is'moved, in the oscillating movement of the holder frame, provided that the recess is open at the time when said pinarrives thereat. But if such recessis closed by the inwardly bent portion 9G of the slide plate, then the pin, on approaching said recess, instead of entering the-recess, abuts against the upper or lower end, as the case may be, of the bent portion 9601' the slide. ln that case, the holder frame docs not oscillante to its full extent. and the blade does not come in Contact with the strop. hit in the ordinary operation of the device, the lslide will, by the vertical reciprocation of the rack plate.r move vertically to open said recessjust before the pin ST arrives thereat,,so that said pin S7 can enter the recess and the blade co-i'xlact with the roll. This slide is, in its upper or lower position to which it has been moved by the rack vat the same time This vertical movement yoil the slide is intermittent, .and takes place plate, retained by rneansjof a ilat spring 99, l

through which the screw 88 also passes, the ends-of which spring. are bent inwardly, or toward the slide, and have a spring pressure against said slide, and enter alternately grooves -100 formed 'in the upper and lower terminal portions of the slide adjacent to its vbent end. The lpressure of either end of the spring in the corresponding groove in the slide' is suiiioient to retain the slideagainst'dxisplacement .unless moved by a greater force of the lug 92.

101 indicates the blade holder, which is formed with two side pieces 102, which can Vslide with .a snug fit in the grooves of the holder frame, and a conneetingpiece 103 integrally. connectin said Vpieces 102, and orming one clamping member. for' the blade. Said side pieces 102 are out away, as shown at 104, to render them ,suiiciently resilient and capable of being'pressed inward toward each other, this inward movement being limited by thickened portions or bosses 106 formedon a thin rod 107, the ends of which enter apertures at the front portion of the blade holder, said bosses abutting against the inner. ends of said apertures when said side pieces 102 are pressed inward toward each other, the ends of the rods then sliding in said apertures. Pins 108 extend from said side pieces in. a direction perpendicular to the plane of the blade holder, the outer portions of the Arear 'sides of said pins being inclined or beveled, so that, when said blade holder is pushed rearwardly into place, lthe slide pieces 102 sliding in the grooves in the holder frame, their, just before' the ends of said slide pieces 102 arrive at the ends of said grooves, said-inclined portions of the pins engage beveled surfaces 109 on ,the in'ner sides ofthe front;

ends of the guides 57'ot' the holder frame,1

so that, in the continued advance of the blade holder, the slide pieces are pressed 1n-` ward, or toward one another, to permit said- 4 110, Immediately behind said inclined surfaces Y pins 108 to pass said inclined surfaces ,109.

109, the guides 57 of the holder frame are formed with recesses into which the pins 108 immediately move outward from the resilient force of the con'ipressedv side piecesof the holder. These are so located that, when the pins are in placev in said recesses, the'ends of the side pieces of the holder abut against the ends-of the `groove inthe holder frame.

The, connecting piece 103 is formed. with a. Central wide shallow groove 110 having undercut beveled edges, and enlarged vat both ends, so that' slide pins 112, having conical heads to engage saidundercut sides of the groove, can be inserted in the groove. These pins can be moved to any position in said groove so as to adapt them to enter holes torniedin the razor blade to-be sharpened. The different makes of blades are fornied'with holes in different positions and of different sizes. By the aboveconstruction pins of different sizes can be moved into ditl'erent positions, and thus the-l1older can .be used with nearly all the standard makes Formed integral ot safety razor blades. with said connecting piece is a ring 1.14 having a milled edge, formed with a conc-avila7 to receive the reduced end of a clamp piece 115 having'riveted thereto a spring plate 116 which rests upon the blade and tightly grips the same, the other reduced end of said clamp piece registering with a corre'- spondingly reduced port-ion 117 of said connecting piece, on which connecting piece, can slide a collar 1.18 also having a milled edge, which collar is formed centrally with a cavity 119 to receive said reduced portions of the connecting piece andthe clamp piece,

. and thus to clamp them `tightly together.

l position desired.

lo prevent accidental displacement the cavity is slightly enlarged at its centra-l port-ion. llxtending above the surface of the connecting piece and secured therein is a guide pin 125 which enters a conical recess formed in the under surface of the clamping piece and guides the latter to its proper position on the connecting piece. W

Immediately before the withdrawal of the blade holder from the holder frame, it is desiiable that the blade holder should be in position withv both edges of the blade out f contact with the strops.

To retain it iii this position the front edge of the plate l is -fo-rmed with a notch 120, and there is slidably secured to the adjacent side of the guide A57- a yoke 121, from the middle portion of which extends outward a lug 122 of proper size to, tit in said notch. Then the with outward evtensions 123 parallel with the arms 53 in the ends of which extensions are pins 124 extending through apertures iu the corresponding ends of the arms 53, and in such positions that the arms 51 abut. against the projecting ends of said pins 1,2/1, and press said pins inwardly, thereby moving also the yoke 121 forwardly, and removing the lug` 122 from the notch 120,

-so that said blade holder frame is free to oscillate. movement of the yoke there is provided a In order to prevent accidental flat spring 126 having an inwardly bent l end 12T pressed -into o-ne or the other of two grooves oi' notches formed i the yoke 121, said spring being pressed cownward by a screw 129 passing through a hole in the spring and a slot in the yoke and screwed vinto the side of the adjacent guide 57.

It will be evident that the above machine, a proper blade holder being used, may be employed for sharpening a razor blade having only one cutting' edge, one side of the cutting edge being abraded by one roll, and

the other by the other roll, although it is most advantageously'used on a blade having two cut-ting edges, because then it operates on both cutting edges at the same time. It is to be observed that, since the pressure against both cutting edges is of equal magnitude but in opposite directions there is no tendency to displace transversely the blade from the central 4position between'the two rolls. l

I claimi- 1. The combination of a rack, means for reciprocating the rack, two rolls, means for oscillating the rolls with the reciprocation of the rack, abrading-material around the rolls, a blade-carrying frame movably mounted on an aXis parallel with the rolls and midway between them, means operated with the reciprocation .of the rack and the corresponding oscillation of the rolls for oscillating said'frameinto one or the other of two positions in which opposite sides of the two edges of the blade are moved into contact with saidabrading material thereon, and means for pressing said opposite sides toward the two rolls respectively.

2. The combination of parallel rolls hav-- ing cylindrical abrading surfaces, a shaft, operative connections from the shaft to the rolls, whereby the latterare oscillated from a continuous rotation of the former, a bladeholding frame mounted to oscillate' between said rolls, means for oscillating said frame at each oscillation of said rolls, and means for removably lholding a blade '-in said frame.l

' 8. The combination of parallel rolls havV ing cylindrical abrading surfaces, means for oscillating said rolls` .a blade-holding frame mounted l to oseillate between saidv rolls, means for oscillating said frame at each oscillation of said rolls, means for removably holding a blade in said frame, and a doubleacting spring arranged to press the blade in either terminal positionof said oscillation toward the surface of the adjacent roll.

4. The combination of parallel `rolls having cylindrical abrading surfaces, a shaft, operative connections from the shaft to the rolls, whereby the latter are oscillated from --the surface of its adjacent roll.

5. The combination of -parallel rolls having cylindrical abrading surfaces, means for oscillating' said rolls, a blade-holdingframe mounted to oscillate between said rolls, means for oscillating said frame at each oscllation of said rolls, means for removably holding a blade in said frame, and springs acting on opposite sides of the blade-holding frame and arranged by the pressure upon sa'id frame to press said blade in eitherterminal position of the oscillation of the frame toward the adjacent roll.

6. The combination of parallel rolls having cylindrical abrading surfaces, means for oscillating said rolls, a blade-holding frame .mounted tooscillate between said rolls,

means for oscillating said frame, means for removably`,holding a blade in said frame, and means for pressing the blade against said rolls alternately, comprising stationary pins, grooved rollers thereon, a pin secured to the frame and oscillating therewith, anda spring securedto said latter pin and having arms in the grooves of the respective rollers. g y

7. The combination of parallel rolls having cylindrical abrading surfaces, means for oscillating said rolls, a blade-holding frame mounted to oscillate between said rolls, said frame comprising means for guiding a blade holder, a blade-holder guided by -said guiding means, means for limiting the movement of the `blade holder so guided, and automatic means for locking the blade holder y when so limited.

'8. The combination of parallel rolls having cylindrical abr'ading surfaces, and having' arms extending therefrom, means for oscillating said rolls,` and a -blade -holding framemounted to oscillate between said rolls, and'having arms extending therefrom adapted to be actuated by the arms extending from the rolls to oscillate' theV framel from one position 'to the other.

9. The combination of parallel rolls having cylindrical abrading'surfaces, and having arms extending therefrom, operativeconnections from the shaft to the rolls, whereby the latterare oscillated from a continuous rotation of the former, a bladeholding frame mounted to oscillate between said rolls, and having arms extending there- ,i from adapted to be oscillated by the arms extending from the rolls` and a double-actingspring for assisting the latter oscillation.

' 10. The combination-of parallel rolls having cylindrical abradingsurfaces, and havrolls to -oscillate the same from-one position to the other.

11. The combination of parallel rolls having cylindrical abrading surfaces, means for oscillating said rolls, a blade-holding frame mountedv to oscillate between said rolls, means for oscillating said frame with t-he oscillation of said rolls, means for preventing the frame moving to thel extreme end of its oscillatory movement, and means for withdrawing said preventive means at the end of each oscillation of the rolls.

12. The combination of parallel rolls having cylindrical abrading surfaces, and having arms extending therefrom, means for oscillating said rolls, a blade-holding frame mounted to oscillate between said rolls, and

'having arms extending therefrom adapted to be oscillated by the first-named arms, a

slide piece arranged to obstruct said arms` of the' frame in its oscillation to prevent complete oscillation thereof, and means movable with the rolls and adapted to engage said slide piece at the ends only ofthe oscillatory movement of the rolls to withdraw said slide piece from the path of said arms. l

13. The combination of parallel rolls having cylindrical abrading surfaces, means for oscillating said rolls, a blade-holding cillate between said rolls, means for oscillating said frame with the oscillation of said rolls, a movable yoke on said frame having a lug arrangedv to extend into said notch, and having pins extending through apertures in said frame in position to be actuated by said oscillating means to withdraw the lug from the notch.

v15. The combination of a plate having a notch, parallel rolls having cylindrical abrading surfaces, and having arms extending therefrom, means for. oscillating said rolls, a blade-holding framey mounted to oscillate between said rolls, and having arms extending therefrom adapted to be oscilamovab1e yoke on said'frame having a lug arranged to extend into said notch, and havingpins extending throuvh apertures in the arms of said frame in sul position that the arms of the rolls impinge upon rsaid pins and Withdraw the lug fr'om'the notch.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing y witnesses. p

JOHN A. CARDINELL. Vtnesses:

F. M. WRIGHT,

D. B. RGHARDS.

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