US1064312A

US1064312A - Car-ventilating means.

Info

Publication number: US1064312A
Application number: US67707412A
Authority: US
Inventors: Thomas H Garland
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1912-02-12
Filing date: 1912-02-12
Publication date: 1913-06-10
Anticipated expiration: 1930-06-10

Description

T. H. GARLAND.

CAR VENTILATING MEANS.

APPLIOATION FILED FEB. 12, 1912.

1,064,312, Patented June 10,1913.

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OAR VENTILATING MEANS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 12, 1912.

1,O64,3 1 2, Patented June 10,1913.

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THOMAS H. GARLAND, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

CAR-VENTILATING MEANS.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS H. GARLAND,

a citizen of the United States, and resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Car-Ventilating Means, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of my specification.

My invention relates to means more especially adapted to ventilate cars; and has for its object the provision of means whereby efficient ventilation is obtained regardless of the fact whether the car is or is not in motion, and when in motion, ventilation will be had regardless of the direction of travel of the car.

A further object of the invention is to provide such means whereby etlicient ventilation may be had and the possibility of the entrance of rain, snow, cinders and the like through the ventilator and into the car is prevented, as will be more fully understood from the following detailed description.

I11 the drawings :-Figure l is a perspec tive view of my improved ventilator, with portions broken away in order to more clearly illustrate the internal construction. Fig. 2 is a side view of the same with a portion of the top wall broken away. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view of the improved ventilating means, shown applied to the lower deck of a monitor type of car roof, which is also shown in section; the mechanism employed for ventilating the car when not in motion, being illustrated. Fig. l is a top plan view of the ventilating means illustrated in Fig. 3, with the mechanism located within the car, for inducing ventilation when the car is not in motion,

being omitted.

In the exemplification of my invention, I illustrate the main portion of my improved ventilating means provided with curved walls, adapting it to the curvature of the roof of the car where the ventilator is in tended to be applied. The ventilating means, illustrated more clearly in Figs. 1 and 2, comprise the conductor portions or

channels

5 and 6, the one above the other. These conductor portions or

channels

5 and 6 communicate through suitable openings in the attaching or abutting wall 7, with the interior of the car; this being accomplished Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 12, 1912.

Patented June 10, 1913.

Serial No. 677,074.

preferably through special openings in the deck 8 of the car, see Fig. 3, or by means of a deck window. The channels or

conductors

5 and 6 extend transversely of the housing or ventilating means and of the lower deck of the car, in the construction shown in Fig. 3; the two channels being formed by the intermediate, laterally ex tending wall 9. This wall 9 is of less extent than the outer walls, and is preferably curved substantially similar in manner to outer or top wall 10, so that channel 5 will extend downwardly and communicate with channel 6 in proximity to the orifice or outer end of the housing or ventilating means, see Fig. 3. The outer end of the intermediate wall or partition 9 is given greater downward curvature so as to provide a bafiie portion, whereby the currents of air passing outwardly through channel 6 will be deflected, for the purpose hereinafter set forth.

As before stated, the outer portion of the ventilating means is preferably formed to conform substantially to the shape of the roof, see Fig. 3, the discharge end of the housing being brought near the edge of the roof, with the discharge end or orifice presented in a downward direction, so that rain, snow, and the like, are less likely to enter the conductor portions of the ventilating means. At the inner end, the upper channel or conductor 5 may be provided with a shutter or register as at 11, whereby communication with the car-interior may be shut off.

To both sides of the conductor portion or channel 6, and extending in opposite directions, I provide

cowls

12, 12; the axes whereof extend parallel with the axis of the car, and therefore substantially perpendicular to the axis of the conductor portions of the ventilating means. The

cowls

12, 12, are provided with

side walls

13 and 14, curved or bent toward each other in the manner shown in Figs. 1 and 4, so as to provide a converging channel, the outlet or discharging end whereof is arranged parallel with the conductor portions or

channels

5 and 6, as can more clearly be seen in Figs. 1, 2, and

1. The orifices 12 of the

cowls

12, 12, are

described that when the car is in motion, the forward cowl, that is the cowl presented in the direction in which the car is moving, will gather in air and discharge it through the discharge orifice 0r outlet 12 of the forwardly presented cowl or duct. The current of air discharged or flowing out of the orifice 12 of the cowl impinges against the outer air, and, owing to the onward movement of the car, it will be deflected across the orifice or discharge end 6 of the conductor portions of the ventilating means. The deflection is, however, more or less gradual, as the momentum and pressure of the outflowing current serve to push the outer body of air away from the discharge orifices of the device, especially away from the immediately adjoining orifice of the conductor portions. The result of thus pressing the outer air away from the orifice 6 will produce an eduction or exhausting effect in the conductor portions or channels. With the inlet ends of the conductor portions or channels open to the interior of the car, it is evident that a pronounced outflow of air from the interior of the car through the

conductor portions

5 and 6 is induced, thereby exhausting the vitiated air from the car-interior.

VVit-h the construction of the ventilating means shown and described, it is apparent that the same effect will be obtained regardless of the direction of the movement of the car, because both cowls are similar in construction; the forward cowl, considered with reference to the direction in which the car moves, is the effective one or the one to produce the result above described; the rearward cowl being ineffective during movement of the car in the opposite direction.

It will be readily understood from the operat-ion just described, that effective venti lation of the ear, to the extent of extracting the vitiated air therefrom, will be obtained; and furthermore, with the nature of construction shown and described, foreign substances cannot enter the car. lVhile cinders and the like may be blown into the cowl portions of the ventilating means, they will, of course, be immediately discharged therefrom, and as the different ducts or channels of the means are independent of one another, (except so far as the two conductor channels or

ducts

5 and 6 are concerned), the cinders or soot will be prevented from entering the

conductor portions

5 and 6. In order, however, to obtain effective ventilation when the car is not in motion, and assist, should it be desired, while the car is in motion, I provide the lower conductor portion or channel 6 with an extension, shown in the nature of a duct or tube 15, see Figs. 3 and 4, which is arranged to extend through the deck of the car into the interior where the inner end is connected with the periphery or outer casing of an exhaust fan or blower 16. This exhaust fan may be of any suitable construction, but preferably of the type illustrated in Fig. 3, whereby air from the car is taken through an opening in the center of the fan concentric with the axis thereof, and forced by the vanes or blades through the tangentially arranged duct or tube 15. The fan or exhausting mechanism may be operated by any suitable motor or motive power under the control of the car attendant. The air blown through duct or tube 15 by the fan or blower 16 will be discharged into the conductor portion 6, where it will impinge against the downwardly turned end or bafiie portion 17. This baflie portion 17 will deflect the outwardly flowing currents of air, (caused by the action of the fan or blower 1.6), downwardly immediately beneath the discharge end of channel 5. This deflection will tend to effect a vacuum, resulting in an eductive action in the conductor portion or channel 5, so that, with the damper at the inner end of the conductor portion or duct 5 open, an outward flow of air will be induced through conductor 5, which, of course, will be discharged through the orifice 6 One object of my invent-ion is to provide means whereby eflicient ventilation in the manner stated may be obtained when the car is not in motion and the construction just described and illustrated in Fig. 3 is an exemplification of one form; the purpose being to so arrange and construct the orifices of the conductor portion, that the air forced through the one passage of said portion will produce an eduction effect in the other passage of said portion. After the car is again put in motion, the blower or fan may then, of course, be shut off, as the in-rush of air into the forwardly presented cowl will produce the desired result in the manner previously described. It is evident, therefore, that efficient ventilation of a car may be obtained both while in motion or stationary.

lVhen desired, tube or duct 15 may be provided with means whereby it may be shut off, in a manner similar to that heretofore described in connection with the upper conductor passa e or duct 5.

My improved ventilating means is especially adapted for use in connection with dining cars and the kitchens thereof, whereby the hot smoke laden or foul atmosphere may be efiiciently withdrawn or exhausted both while the car is moving or stationary.

With my improved ventilating means as previously described and shown in the draw ings, should it be desired to close off the openings to the car-interior by a damper or other suitable mechanism, foreign matter will be prevented from accumulating in the eduction channels by reason of the fact that the conduits employed for utilizing the outer air to induce eduction has no communication with the conductor portions or eduction passages.

I have shown and described what I believe to be the simplest and best construction of my invention to produce the effect desired, but the same may be altered in certain details without, however, departing from the spirit of my invention, and I do not wish, therefore, to be understood as limiting myself to the exact construction shown and described; but

\Vhat I claim as my invention, and wish to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a device of the class described, the combination of a member arranged transversely of a car, communicating at one end with the carinterior and provided with a discharge orifice at the opposite end exposed to the exterior cross-drafts induced by the travel of the car, said member being provided with several passages communicat ing with each other at the discharge end of the member, a battle member located in one of said passages in advance of the point of communication between the passages whereby air rushing outwardly through one of said passages will induce an outward. flow of air in the other passage, the first mentioned member being provided with an extension or conduit adapted to be located within the car and communicating with the passage provided with said battle member, with means communicating with said extension or conduit whereby air is forced outwardly through said conduit and one of the passages in the first mentioned member and an eduction effect produced in the other passage of said first mentioned member.

2. A device of the class described, comprising a channel portion communicating with a car interior, arranged transversely of the car and having an external discharge orifice, a battle member extending longitudinally within said channel-portion whereby two passages in the channel-portion are provided having communication with each other at the discharge orifice of the channelportion, and means located within the car and communicating with one of said passages whereby air will be exhausted from the car interior and an eduction effect produced at the opposite side of said battle member.

3. A device of the class described, comprising a conductor portion communicating with a car interior and having a discharge orifice presented substantially at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the car and exposed to the cross drafts caused by the travel of the car, said conductor portion being pro vided with a batlie member intermediate of the top and bottoinwalls of said portion whereby two passages are provided which communicate with each other at the dis charge orifice of the conductor portion, a conduit arranged within the car and communicating with one of said passages, means for inducing a draft in said conduit and said passage whereby an eduction effect is produced in the other passage, and air directing means having an intake end arranged parallel with the longitudinal axis 'of the car, with the discharge end arranged adjacent to and in the same horizontal plane with the discharge orifice of the conductor portion and presented at the same angle to the longitudinal axis of the car as the discharge orifice of said conductor portion.

4. A device of the class described, comprising a conducting member presented at an angle to the longitudinal axis of a car and communicating with the interior of the car while the opposite end thereof is exposed to the exterior cross-drafts, means extending longitudinally within said mem ber providing a plurality of parallel passages communicating at the discharge end of said member, means for forcing air through some of the passages to induce an eduction effect in the other passage or passages, and a pair of independent conduit-s arranged at opposite sides of said member with the intake ends of the conduits arranged substantially perpendicular to said member and presented in a direction parallel with the longitudinal axis of the car, said conduits having their discharge ends presented in the same direction as the discharge orifice of the conducting member and arranged adjacent to and in the same horizontal plane therewith.

THOMAS I'I. GARLAND.

Witnesses:

GEORGE I-IEIDMAN, R. E. IVIeIrroN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of latents, Washington, D. C.