US1063969A - Letter and numeral outliner. - Google Patents

Description

S. HACKES.

LETTER AND NUMERAL OUTLINER.

APPLIUA'IION lILED IEB.12,1913.

Patented June 10, 1913.

3w amt r 35x3 GH'O'LM o I SIDNEY HACKES, OF MOUNT VERNON, NEW YORK.

LETTER AND NUMEBAL QUTLINER.

"1 Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J one 10, 1913.

Application filed February 12, 1913. Serial No. 747,881.

The invention relates to drawing instrumonts or devices and its main object is .to provide a letter and numeral outliner of very simple construction, which may be easily manipulated for conveniently and quickly forming letters of the alphabet and numerals.

A further object .of the invention is to so construct the device that it may be readily and quickly manipulated by an unskilled person, the method of manipulation and the various positionsof the rule or .drawing device being almost obvious from its construction.

The advantage of providing a rule or drawing instrument of simple construction which will enable an unskilled .person to quickly and properly form letters and numerals, isobv-ious. It was primarily devised for the use of storekeepers and clerks, to enable .them to make letters for show-cards or signs.

The device may be made in various sizes and .may be used by sign painters and letterers .of varying ordinary skill, it being practically impossible to improperly shape the letters and numerals and practically impossible to fail to make them of the right sizes and proportions.

There are other important.objocts and advantages of :the invention which will appear hereinafter.

InIthe drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective .viewiof ,the outliner; Fig. 2 a face view .of the device in a slightly different form from that shown in F 1g. 1; Fig. 3 a diagram being closed by horizontal members 2 and 3. The left-hand arm 4 .of the letter H is prolonged ,or extended below the horizontal member 3 to form the extension member 5 so that .the left-hand edge of the ,arm 4 and of said extension providesa long ruling edge useful in forming such letters as A, and W, as will be more fully hereinafter described. The arms of the letter H and the end members thereof are of he same width, as ,is also ,the extension member 5. The curved member forming the loop of the letter P is also .of the same widtn asflthe members of the letter H; and the loop itself in its vertical dimension is equal to the upper half of the letter H. This loop member is useful in forming the loops of .the letter B; the upper loop of the letter R and is used in the formation of all curved lines of letters and numerals.

The upright member or arm 1 forms the upnight member of all loo letters.

The outliner ,is prefera ly formed of .thin transparent material such ,as celluloid .or the like when it is .adapted for use in making small 1etters,-th at is to say, lettersof an inch ,or two 'in height, but, of course, it may be made .of any suitable thin material. To offset the ,outliner gfrom the surface on which the marking is to be made 1 provide small studs6. These studs may be formed integral with the outliner or they may be small ,pieces of rubber or the like attached thereto. By providing .this means of offsetting ,the outliner the letters and numerals may be outlined by .meansof a drawing pen without any danger of blurring the ink marks. On the larger size devices, from twelve inches upward the ofisets will vary in height from one quarter of an inch to one inch. This will ,permit a skilled operator to directly use a paint gbrush ,to cut or block out letters without any preliminary marking and prevents smudging of the edge .lines. In order that the letters shall be of uniform size the openings between the ,arms of the letter ,lH are of the same size and the opening within the loopmember is of the sameheight asthe qpeningmetween the armsqf the letter H, said openings .being also .of equal width in their greatest dimension ghorizontally. To facilitate the manipulation of the outliner the upper edge of the member 2 is provided-with gagemarks as shown and the middle of the arm 2 .is indicated by the gage mark lettered A. For the purposeof lndieating the use and various positions of the outliner the various members are lettered as shown a, b, c, d, f, h and k. Of course, 1t

will be understood that any designating characters may be used which would be convenient in writing a description of the method of using the device.

In Fig. 2 is shown a slightly different form of the device, the loop member 7 being extended downwardly from the arm 1 of the letter H and connected to the horizontal member 3. It is to be noted that. this form of the device consists of the letter H with the openin s between the ends of the arms closed by horizontal members, and a loop member, said loop .member being adapted to be used for forming loop letters and all curved lines. In this form of the device it is also to be noted that the extension member 5 may be dispensed with, the extension of the arm 1 giving a long straight edge and serving the same purpose as the said extension 5.

In Fig. 3 is shown a diagram illustrating one method of forming the letter B. In forming this letter it is first desirable to form the outlines of the letter H, completing the left-hand edge of the left-hand arm. The position of the outliner for this purpose is shown by the dotted lines a. The outliner is then moved to the left to the position shown by the dotted lines 6 to form the upper loop of the letter B. It is then moved downwardly to the position shown by the dotted lines 0 to form the lower loop. The letter B is shown in full lines in Fig. 3 and the various positions of the outliner are shown by the dotted lines of different character. Of course, the user of the device may manipulate it in any way desired to secure the outlines of the various letters and the method just described is merely used for the purposes of illustration. The letter B may also be formed by first drawing the letter P and then dropping the outliner down so as to use the loop portion for forming the lower loop of the letter B. It is obvious that the letter T may be formed by various methods of using the outliner.

In Fig. 4 is shown the method of outlining the main lines of the letter H The inner edges of the upright members near the upper and lower ends thereof may be readily completed in any desired manner by shifting the outliner and using it as a rule.

In forming the letter S it is desirable to first make the outlines of the letter II so that the letter S will be properly placed and to give the lateral and vertical dimensions of the loops. The outliner is then placed in the various positions indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 5. The

dotted lines 45 indicate the position of the outliner when forming the letter II as the basis for the final letter S. After forming this foundation or base the outliner is shifted to the position shown by dotted lines 6 which enables the operator to form indicating the end of the portion 10 of theletter S To complete the letter the outliner is placed in theposition indicated by the dottedlines 72., this last position enabling the operator to make the portion 11 and to thereby complete the letter. These few diagrams are merely given by way of illustrating the use of the device andit will be obvious -to any one that the other letters of the alphabet may be similarly made by properly manipulating the outliner.

In forming letters such as A, V and W the long edge formed by the extension member 5 enables the operator to draw the lines on the proper angle. Without this extension the upright member would be too short and the unskilled operator would be inconvenienced in drawing the said inclined lines accurately. w

It is manifest from the foregoing that some of the letters of the alphabet can be practically completely outlined with the device in one position, such letters being I, t H 77, U 77, l J 77, C E 77, L77 C. P. Other letters require the device to be shifted into two or more positions. It is obvious that this device assures uniformity of height and width of letters and exact duplication thereof, and the same is true as to numerals. The device may be made in very large sizes for the use of sign painters in marking out letters on walls, fences and the like, thereby effecting a great saving of time and enabling comparatively unskilled workmen to produce very satisfactory and uniform results.

Usually in sign writing and in lettering the painter first draws the upper and lower guide lines for the letters. In. the use of the device described herein it is found desirable to draw said guide lines as it mate r-ially facilitates the manipulation of the outliner.

What I claim is: 4

1. An alphabet outliner" substantially in the form of the letter H withzthe spaces between the ends of the arms-thereof closed by horizontal members and with a loop member connected thereto.

2. An alphabet outliner substantially in the form of the letter H with the spaces between the ends of the arms thereof closed by horizontal members and with a loop member connected thereto, said loop member extending outwardly from the righthand vertical arm of the H member.

3. An alphabet outliner substantially in the form of the letter H with the spaces between the ends of the arms thereof 0 osed by horizontal members and with a loop member connected thereto, said loop member extending horizontally from the upper portion of the right-hand arm of the H member.

4. An a1 habet outliner substantially in the form 0 the letter H with the spaces between the ends of the arms thereof closed by horizontal members and with a loop member connected thereto all of the arms of said members being of uniform width.

5. An al habet outliner substantially in the form 0 the letter H with the s aces between the ends of the arms thereof 0 osed by horizontal members and with a loop member connected thereto, all of the arms of said members being of uniform width, the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the openings in the loop member and in the H member being ual.

6. An alphabet outlmer substantially in the form of the letter H with the s aces between the ends of the arms thereof 0 osed by horizontal members and with a 100 member connected thereto, one of the vertlcal members of the H member being prolonged to form an extension member.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

- SIDNEY HAOKES.

Witnesses:

LILLLAN MCGUIRE, F. R. MILLER.

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