US1063666A - Internal-combustion tool. - Google Patents

Description

G. DURYEA L M. G. WHITE.

INTERNAL GOMBUSTIO TOOL.

APPLIOATION FILED mme, loos. BENBWBD Nov. 4, 1912. 1,063,666.

Patented June 3, 1913.

ms e5 0.0. DURYEA & M. C. WHITE.

INTERNAL GOMBUSTION TOOL.

190s. BBNEWBD Nov. 4, 1912.

` I. x APPLICATION FILED AUG. 6, 1,068,666.

Patented June 3, 1913.

0. C. DURYBA & M. C. WHITE INTERNAL GOMBUSTION TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. s, 190s. RBNBWBD Nov. 4, 1912.

Patented June 3, 1913.

@SHEETS-SHEET 3.

o. 6. 111111111111l 6 M. G'. WHITE...

INTERNAL GOMBUSTION TOOL. PPLIOATION FILED 1116.6, 1908. BENBWBD Nov. 4, 1912.

Patented June 3, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4- gira/ess e5 entran srArEs PATENT onirica.

OTHO C. DUR-YEA AND MORRIS C. WHITE,

OIF-LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNORS 0F ONE-TENTH TO JAMES It. TOWNSEND, 0F LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA. l

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION TOOL.

To all' wim/u. it may concern.'

'-Di'nrm and Mouais CoLiiMBUS VHITE, both citizens'of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, inthe county ofLos Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Internal-Combustion Tool, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to improvement in the construction of internalcombustion rock-drills, hammers and other tools of the general nature which perform work through impact or pressure by power generated 1nv the tool. l

One of our objects is to provide an internal-combustion too'l of an improved construction which renders it particularly easy to regulate at will the .force of the blows of its work- )crforniing member, as well as the force, if desired, with'which said member is retracted between blows.

Another object is to provide an internal` combustion tool so constructed that it may be emploi-'ed with great advantage and econ-v omy in connection with compressed air supplying apparatus of pneumatic drill, or

Aother plantshand in place of the purely pneumatically-operatec -tools hitherto employed in this connection.

Still another object is to provide a tool, such as a drill or hammer, 4which may be Worked as a pneumatic tool, by the force of air generated at a compressor, particularly during the initial operations, and then worked as an intcrilal-combustion tool, requiring therefor air under al pressure and volume much less than is necessary for o erating the device simply as a pneumatic tool.

The accompanying' drawings illustrate the invention in one form of embodiment.

Figure 1 is a plan of a pneumatic tool adapted to be used as a rock-drill embodying the principles of our invention. Parts are broken to show the pressure-regulator. Fig. 2 is an axial section on line rc2, Figs. 1, 3, 6 and T. Fig. 3 is a transverse section on line ma, Figs. 1, 2 and 4. Fig. 4 is a broken alan section on plane indicated by`-w, 11ige. 2 and 3, to show the ports and the controlling-valve action. Fig. 5 isan en'- larged detail of one of the pressure-regulatgr valves and of the igniters on the same plane as Fig. 4. showing a. different position of parts. Figa 6 is a section ou tine o, in

spcification of Letters Patent. Application led August 6, 1908, Serial No. 447,316.

Patented June 3, 1913. lRenewed November 4, 1912. Serial No. 729,468.

l Ifigs. 2, 4 and 5. Fig. `7 is a section on the l line ad, in Figs. 2, 4 and 5. Figs. 8, 9, 10 and 11 are diagrammatic views showing the paths of the 'compressed `air and explosive mixture, the automatic valves, the pressureregulators, and the igniters, for the purpose of 'showing their changing positions and their coperation.

.The tool shown in the drawings is provided with a shell l; cylinder 2 slidingly vmounted thereon; feed-screw 3 connecting the cross-head a of the shell to the nut Z) of the cylinder; feed-handle 4; piston-md5; chuclt 6 for holding the drill or Work-pert`0rm1ng member; piston- heads 7, 8, connected by a rifle-bar 9 working through a ratchet-clutch 10;. duplicate inlet- ports 11, 12; spool-valve 13 to supply the same; tappet 14 operable by the piston-heads to operate said valve intermittingly, and au airport 15 to deliver air from a source o' compressed air to the spool-valve. All these parts are similar to the parts of a common pneumatic tool.

16 designates fuel-supplying means introduced in the air-line 17 that supplies the spool-valve 13. The fuel-supplying means may be variously constructed.v The -form shown in the drawings is at vpresent deemed preferable for general use. Air alone, entering the port 15 under ahead of pressure necessarily provided in purely pneumatic 5 and perform the work of a pneumatic tool without interference from the additional `featii1'es,'hereinafter described, Which We have provided for the purpose of converting the device into an internal-combustion tool. -These additional features, as illusy trated in the drawings, consist, brieiy stated,

in a gasolene supplier interposed I line, a sparker, or electric. igniter, located vadjacent to the end of each cylinder, and sparker-actuating regulator-valves interposed in passages ext-ending between the main valve 13 and cylinder- ports 11 and 12. The regulator-valves. are held normally closed, in the direction of thesaid-main valve, by springs equipped With tensioning means under ready control of the operator.` The pressure of the explosive mixture entering at the port 15 must, at all .times in practice, exceedthe resistance against openm movement of the regulator-valves.

en, through the operation of the main rock-drill plants, Will reciprocate the shaft in the piperoti valve, the mixture is directed toward one of.

the cylinders, the Huid-pressure is irst"exI erted against the respective regulator-valvev to open the passage to the cylinder whereby the mixture ent-ers the cylinder. When the back-pressure of the fluid in the cylinder exceeds the resistance of the. regulator-valve spring, the said valve' is given a further v movement by the incoming fluid-pressure The cylinder exhaust-passage is also con# l haust-port, while in any position away from -normal it closes the exhaust-port.

whereby it closes the passage to the cylinder, thereby trapping the charge 'in the cylinder.

trolled by the said regulator-va1v.e. In the normal position of the regulator-valve, to whichit is pressed by its spring toclose the cylinder-supply passage, it opens the ex- In the movement of the regulator-valve from its position of opening the supply passage to the cylinder to that of trapping the mixture ,y in the cylinder, it o crates the sparker to ignite the trapped c arge in the cylinder and produce an explosion. The force of the explosion in each instance in either cylinder depends upon the pressure of the. chargem the cylinder at the time its sparker is oper.-

ated. This pressure is governed bythe respective regulator-valve spring, andmeans are provided whereby the tension of the springmay be varied by the operator, at

will, to vary the force of the explosion. The.

force of each blow 4of the work-.performing member and the power applied for its return is thus under the direct control of the operator. I

18 is a receptacle provided with an eye- 19 by which the receptacle is hung on a nipple 2O that is screwed into a part of thecylinder into valve-chamber 21, thusto carry gas mto said chamber along with the` compressed air. The compressed air is admitted tothe receptacle 18 through the portlS to balance the pressure so that when the compressed -air passese through the co-nst-ricted opening 27 an atomizer is established to introduce the gas into the compressed air, said gas being derived from gasolene, or the like, in the receptacle 18.

29 and 30 are electrical ignit-ers which may be' of the ordinary make-and-break type, and are arranged in the ports 11 and l2 so that the sparking chambers will be scavenged and the' explosivemixture` will come in Contact with thefigmters and the -igniter-points will be surrounded by fresh explosive mixture at the time of ignition.

` 31 and 32 designate two pressure-regulating valves to control the ports 11 and 12 respectively, which supply the explosionchambers 33 and 34. Springs 35, 35, normally holdthe valves 31 and 32 in position to close the ports 11 and 12.

36, 36', are forward and rear ports con! trolled by the main spoolwalve 13 and leadlng to the regulator valvechambers 37, 37,

which communicate with the 'external 'air through exhaust-ports 38, 3S that are controlled by the pressure-regulating valves 31, 32.

Referring to Fig. 8,compresscd air is coming from the air-compressor 3S) through the air-line 17; the carbureter 16 is discharging gas into the compressed air, and

-the explosive mixture is passing through the port 15 to 'the main spool-valve chan1 ber 21. An explosion has just taken place in t-he forward explosion-chamber 33, while `the gas in said chamber was trapped by the pressure-regulating valve 31. The pistons 7 and 8 have moved backwardly, bringing the piston 8 into the rear end of the explosion-chamber 34. On the baclnvard movement the piston 7 has moved the tappet. 14. to shift the main spool-valvc 13, and the .exhaust is now passing from the explosionchamber 34 through the rear port. 12 and conduit 39, behind the regulator-valve 32, throughthe port 38.- The passage from the valve-chamber 21 to the forward port 36 is closed by the spool-valve '13, and the passage from the Aexplosion-chamber through theforward portI 11 and conduit 40 to the port 36 is closed by the regulator'- valve 31.., The explosive mixture is passing through the port 15 toward the rear port 36', and is pressing against the forward end of the regulator-valve 32 to overcome the tension of the spring 35' behind said valve.

Referring now to Figs. 2, 4 and 5, the valve-chambers 37, 37,.are bored from the outer. ends of the castings 41 and 42, and

cylinders 43 and 44 are titted i'nto these chambers from their outer ends, being screwthreaded at 45 and 46 to connect the cylin- -ders to the castings. The enlarged endpor tiens 47, 48 of the cylinders bear against the ends of the castings or tubes 41, 42 to insure the properpositioning therein of the cylinders. The cylinders are shorter than the bores in the castings, so as to leave the kinner ends .of the valve-chambers 37, 37', enlarged. The ports 36, 36', lead to these enlarged ends. In boring the chambers in the castings 41 and 42, annular enlargements 49 and 50 are formed in position to be covered by the inner ends of the cylinl ders 43 and 44. These .enlargementsrespectively, communicate with thev conduits 3W and 40. Short distances outside of these enlargements 4t) and 50 are similar enlargements 51 and 52 communicating with the eX- haust. ports 38 and 38. Slots are eut through the cylinders to communicate with the enlargements 49, 50, 51 and 52. The regulating valves 31 and 32 tit operatively within the cylinders 43 and 44, said valves being of cylindrical. form and reduced .in diameter at two places to form two passages around each valve; viz.,`-t.he passages 53, 54, to communicate through the slots with the enlargements 49 and .50 andthe conduits 39 andv 4t); and the passages 55, 5G, to communicate through the slots with the enlargements 51 and and the exhaust-ports- The outer ends of the valves and are counterbored, there being hemispherical bearings bottoms and centers' of the counterbores to receive the hemispherical heads on the connecting-rods 5S) and G0, operating l.die igniters 29 and 30. Caps G1 and (32 are slidingly mounted in the outer. ends otthe cylinders 43 and 44, there being openings through the heads of, the eaps'to allow the connectingrods to vibrate, and the'expansive coilsprings 35 and 35 are inserted between the hemispherical heads upon the'.` connecting rods 5S) and t3() and the caps (S1 and (32; said caps serving as seats for the. outer ends of the springs, and saidheadf's serving as seats for the inner ends of the springs; the torre ot' the vsprings being exerted to throw the regulatorfvalvees. .inwardl v, and saidi springs being Haring at their puter ends to provide room for the vibration 'of the con.

necting-rods 5S) and G0. Sho-rt shafts G3 and 64 are mounted through one wall of the shell, and eccentrics 65 and (SG are fixed upon the'inner ends of the shafts springs to expand.

the bores in the cylinders;` 43 Vand 44 are reduced in size. to form stops 75 and 76 to limit the outward motion of the regulatingf valves. i f

ln Fig. 9 the continuedf'operation of the machine has progressed ing-valve 32 is overcoming the and is moving said valve slightly So that the valve-face 77 between the opening-.54 and the inner end of the valve is in the en-` 57 and `58 at the.

' faces left in position to` engage the caps (31 and 62; and adjust-` caps t0n., valve 13. therebv are carried 4by the handles I shown in Fig. plates 73 and to hold the eccentrics 1n` y their adjusted positions. The outer ends of ,mixture that passes chambers, 'ploded 1n slightly from the. positions shown in Fig. 8; the pressure ofi the explosive mixture against the regulat-.-` spring" valve 32 serves to close the connection be-V tween the conduit 39 and the exhaust-.port 38j. The va1ve-faces 81 and 82 upon the opposite sides of the openings and 56 from the valve-faces 79 and 80 serve to hold the exhaust from passing to the spring-chambers and 35. (See Figs. 4 and 5.) The valve-faces .77, 80 and 82 are peripheral on making the passages 54 and 5G; and likewise' the valve-faces 78, 79 and 81 are left on making the passages 53 and Pockets t 3 and 84 are `formed at the ends of the valve-chamber 21, and the valve eX- haust port 85 leading outwardly from the pocket 83 serves as a relief or exhaust port for the main valve 13; there being an open` ing 8G leading through the valve 13 to connect the pocket 84 to the pocket 83 so that the' pressure from both ends of the valve exhausts through the valve exhaust port 85. Vvhen the valve 31 moves inwardly to release the exhaust. from Athe explosion-chamber 33 and the main valve 13 moves back` wardly, the compressed explosive mixture in the port 36 es apes through the pocket 83 to the valve-exhaust-port 85. The explosive mixture continues to flow into the eX- plosion-chamber 34 until the valve-face 77 contacts with the. cylinder 44, thereby shutting olf the force of the air-compressor and trapping the gas in the explosion chamber, as shown in Fig. 10. This outward move- 4mentot' the valve 32 operates the connecting-rod 60 to operate the igniter and cause the explosion. Then the piston 8 moves forwardlyQhitsthe tappet 14, moving the main v shutting off the air-presvsure and allowing the valve 32 to lnove forwardly. thereby7 opening the exhaust, as

In practical operation the air-compressor 39 forces air through the air-'line-"17 past the carbureter, to the supplyeport- 15. and

; startsthe machine as a pneumatic-tool. The

rarburetep introduces gas into t-hecompressed air, thereby producing an explosive thence to the explosion and is trapped, ignited and exrapidsucee'ssion. The handles (i7 and 68 are independently operable toregulate "the force of' each explosion chamber separately. The carhureter is adjustable to regulate the flow of gas to the air. 'Thus we have combined with a pneumatic tool, means of introducing gas into the compressed air,

y means of' trapping the gas in theexplqsion chambers, means for adjusting the pressure in each explosion chamber independent-.of g, the other, and means for igniting the gas in the explosion chambers; the tool being adapted for starting as easily. as an airdrill'and for continuous operation with the power of a gas engine. The fuel used may bet-gas' made in a carbureter operated and co-ntrolled bythe compressed air, or may be natural or domestic gas, sr..gas from any source ott supply. Any suit-able means for trapping the gas in the explosionchambers and igniter shall be controlled and operated .by the compressed explosive mixture. We havealso provided means for adjusting and lzoregulating the tio-w of gas into the compressed air, and means for adjusting and.'

pistons and cylinders, one movable with re lation to t-he other to operate a Work-per:

forming member.

Our invention maybe applied t'o machines -as now in use with air-compressors derivingtheir power from a steam-plant or from any other suitable source; but in new work an electric-motor and air-compressor may be new plant we will have a pneumatic tool, means for introducing gas to increase the power ofthe pneumatic tool, and a lcomparatively small gas or electric air-compressor furnishing compressed air direct to t-he tool. lIt is obvious that the tool will Astart and operate from the compressed air alone. By the vintroduction of gas and by adjusting and iegulating .the gas, the powergof agiven machine may be increased many times, and

to any desired extent within the range.

We claim: y 1."I n an internal-combustion power device, the combination of a supplier forexplosive fluid under pressure, a piston-cylinder having an inlet port and a passage communicating with said port, means for div recting explosive fluid frompthe supplier intermittently/into sai-d passage, and a regulator-valvey governing said port and exposed to vpressure' from said supplier in said passage to/ move when the pressure against it exceeds a predetermined limit to close said ,/'POrt .i [2. In an 'internal-combustion power demay be employed, and any suitable ifg-igniterY may be employed. We prefer that'the valves substituted for the old systems so that in a incassov vice, the combination ot a supplier for ex- ,plosive fluid under pressure, a piston-cylinder having a port, a passage communicating with said port and an exhaust opening,

means for/directing explosive fluid from the supplier intermittently into said passage, anda regulator-valve normally closing said passage and opening communication hctween saidport and exhaust and exposed to pressure from said supplier in said passage to be moved thereby to `first close the exhaust and open saidport to the supplier and then, by further movement, -to close said port Y' and trap the charge in the cylinder.

3. In anV internal-combustion power device, the combination of a supplier for explosive Huid under pressure, a' piston-cylinder having an inlet port and a passage communicating with said port, means for directing explosive iiuid from the supplier intermittently into. said passage, and a springpressed regulator-valve governing said port and exposed to pressure from said supplier vin said passage to move when the pressure against it exceeds the resistance of its spring to clcsesaid port and trap the charge in the cylinder.

, 4. In an internal-combustion power device, the-combination of -a supplier for explosive fluid under pressure, a piston-cylinder havinga port, a passage communicating with said port and an exhaust opening, means for directing explosive fiuid from the supplier intermittently into said passage, and a spring-pressed regulator-valve normally closing said passage and opening com- Amunication between said port and exhaust,

an'dexposed to pressure from said supplier in said passagefto be moved thereby against the resistanceof its spring to rst .close the exhaust and open said port to the supplier and then, by further movement, to close said port and trap the charge in the cylinder.

5. In an internal-combustion' power device, the' combination of a supplier for explosive tiuid under pressure, a piston-cylinder having a port, a passage communicating with said port yand an exhaust opening,

means for directing explosive fiuid from the supplier intermittently into said passage, and

l a spring-pressed regulator-valve normally closing said passage `and opening communication betweenv said port and exhaust and exposed to pressure from said supplier in saidlv passage to be moved thereby to firstclose the exhaust and open said port to the supplier, and then, by further movement, to `close said port and trap the charge in the cylinder, and means for changing the tension of said` spring to varyA the pressure of the explosive'charge in the cylinder, for the purpose set forth.

6. In an internal-combustion power-device, the combination with a cylinder having anhinlet passage and .an exhaust-port, a piston in the cylinder', fluid under pressure, cylinder, and intermittingly-actuated means for directing the fluid from the supplier through said passage ulator-valve mechanism interposed in sald passage in the path of said fluid to the cylinder vgoverning -t-he opening and closing of said passage and operatively connected with said igniter to actuate the same and operating under. pressure from the supplier when t-he same is directed to said passage and after the charge has entered the cylinder to close said passage and actuate the igniter.

7. In an internal-combustion power device, the combination 'of a supplier for explosive fluid under pressure, a piston-cylinder having an inlet port and a vpassage comc municating with said port, means for directing explosive fluid'from the supplier intermittently into said passage, an lgniter, a regulator-valve, operatively connected With the igniter, governing sald -port and ex- -posed to pressure from said supplier in said passage' to move when the pressure against it exceedsa predetermined limit to4 close said ,port and actuate the igniter. L

8. In an internal-combustion power device, the` combination of a supplier for ex- Vplosive Huid under pressure, a piston-cylin- 'erhavin a ort a ass-ave communicatin ith said port and an exhaust opening, a jiarge-igniter 1n the cylinder, means for fail-eating explosive Huid from-th supplier Jntermittently into said passage, and a regu-.

la tor-valve, operatively connected with the igniter, normally closing said passage and a supplier for explosive .A

@anni a charge-lgniter in *tlmv and e; 'saidsupplier in said passage to be moved 40 tothe cylinder, of regc -eommunication between said port aust, and exposed to pressure from thereby to first close' the'exhaust and open said; port to the supplier, and then, by further movement, close said port, to trap the' charge in the cylinder, and actutegthe ig- 9. In van internal-combustion device, 'the combinationof a supplier for explosive fluid under pressure, a pistonecylinder having a port, a passage vcommunicating with said port and an exhaust opening, a charge-igni- `50 ter in the cylinder, means for directlng explosive uid from the supplier intermit ltently into said passage, a spring-pressed regulator-Valve, operatively connected ywith the igniter, normally closing said passage' and opening communication between said port and exhaust, and exposed to pressure from said supplier insaid passage to be moved thereby against the resistance of its spring,

to rstclose the exhaust and open said port `to the supplier, and then, by further movement, close said port, to trap the charge in the. cylinder, and actuate the igniter, and means for changing the tension of. said spring. v In testimony whereof, We have hereunto set our hands at Los Angeles, California,l this 1st day of August, 1908.

OTHO C. DURYEA. MORRIS C. WHITE.

In presence of- JAMES R. ToWNsEND,

BEULAH ToWNsEND.

Copies of this patent may be obtainedl lfor five centsl each, by addressing the Commissionerl of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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