US1062836A - Incandescent lamp. - Google Patents

Description

M. M. MERRITT.

. INGANDESOENT LAMP. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 27. 1905.w

1,062,836. v Patented May 27, 1913.

UNITED STATES PA TENT OFFICE.

MATTHEW M. MERRIT, 0F MIDDLETON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO GENERAL ELECTRIPC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

INCANDESCENT LAMP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 27, 1913.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MATTHEW M. MER- nrr'r, a citizen of the United States, residing at Middleton, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented an rnprovement in Incandescent Lamps, oi' which the following description, in 4connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters o-n the drawings representing like' parts.

My invention yrelates to incandescent lamps and more particularly to methods of and means for anchoring or ,supporting the filaments therein.

My invention will be best understood by reference to the following description taken in connection with the accompanying illustration oi one specific embodiment thereof, While its scope will be more particularly pointed ont in the appended claims.

Referring to the drawings,-Figure l shows a lamp provided with a filament which requires support at a.`plurality of points intermediate its ends, the same being anchored, according to the one embodiment of my invention which is submitted to illustrate the principles thereof; Fig. 2 shows on an enlarged scale the anchor carrying sleeve with its two connections or supports employed in that forni of Amy invention illustrated in Fig. l, the sam-e being secured to a supporting wire by one method; and Fig. 3 shows the same secured to f id wire by another method.

Referring to the drawings and particularly to Fig. l, I have there shown a lamp having a filament for which, on account of its length and shape, involving as it does a `plurality of coils or loops, it is desirable to provide anchor supports d, at a plurality of points, intermediate its ends. It will of course be understood that this form of filament is illustrative only 'and it will be ob- `v'ious, as is hereafter more particularly set forth, thatmy invention has useful application to widely didering forms and construcupright anchor wire sealed at yone end into the stem ,of the lamp, midway between the ends of the filament and connected atv its opposits end to the nearest portion of the filament loop.

In lamps of the type shown in Fig. 1, which has a double coil filament such as is typical for instance of a Q20 volt lamp, the single anchor support of the single coil lamp has ordinarily been duplicated, the two supporting wires being individually, except as to location and perhapsv dimensions, substantially the same construction as the single supporting wire of the 110 volt lamp.

The employment of a plurality of anchorv wires sealed into the stem of a lamp although heretofore deemed desirable and for many forms-of filaments necessary, has been found to possess several disadvantages. For example, the sealing-in of two anchor wires instead of one increases the chance of breakage and consequent leakage, for the supporting wires d, l become highly heated through-their connection with the filament and tend to crack the glass` where joined thereto. This is evidenced in actuzil practice by the large percentage of lamps which under usage 'are cracked or broken at the end ofthe stem. Moreover, a specially constructed stem, that is, one provided with a pair oanchor wires sealed therein, must ordinarily be provided fora multi-coil lilament and a diderent one, that is, one having By the use of my invention when carried i .out as in the described embodiment, the chances of breakage from the connectionbetween the ancho-r support and the stem are reduced to a minimum, While still providingaplurality of points of anchor attachment for the ilament; moreover, if desired, substantially the same construction of stem may be employed for either a single-coil or multicoil filament, and, Whether on the installation of the filamentY in the rst place or on the renewal thereof, thevl same lamp-base,

stem and globe may be used interchangeably with either type of' filament. It may also be possible to anchor the filament not only in two but in three, fouror any number of points in the length thereof, if, for any rcason, such anchoring seems desirable.

In Fig. l, where I have sho-wn for illustrative purposes one embodiment of my invention, the loops Z1, Z) of the filament c are anchored at the usual points, but by means of the. two separate anchor supports, fl, CZ connected to the single anchor support e, the latter scaled in or otherwise suitably secured to the stem f of the lamp. The support e maybe of any suitable material or shape, but the same preferably, as shown, consists of a single wire support sealed into the stern intermediate the filament ends, and preferablyfas is ordinarily done in connection with single-coil filaments.

rIhe branch Wires or supports (Z, d, which should be electrically separated to prevent short circuiting the intervening portion ot the filament, may be connected to the support e in any suitable way7 but for constructional advantages, and to permit itsready application and manipulation with reference to a` lamp having a previously sealed-in anchor wire,l prefertoattach them to a perforated or otherwise formed insulating body such as the insulating sleeve g, which may readily be engaged lwith and attached to the anchor wire e. "lhe sleeve y; may be, and preferably is, a picco of' small glass tubing, into the sides of which the inturned ends of the supports' al, d, may be welded by merely softening the sides of the tube in the blow pipe flame, this providing at the same time a firm and efficient cmincction and presenting an insulating body between the ends of the wires.

In the renewal of a lamp, for example, an aperture may first be formed in thev tip end of the bulb opposite the stem; as is usual, and the sleeve or anchor carrier g with its attached connections, when formed -as de` scribed and as-shown in Fig. i2, may be entered through the opening and `slipped over the end ot the anchor wire To this it may be secured either fixedly in any suitable Way, as by welding the end ofi the .same to the single anchor wire, (sce Fig. 2) or it may be'somcwhat loosely attached thereto, as by bending over the projecting upper tip of the anchor wire c (see Fig. 3) to prevent escape of the sleeve therefrom, while permitting more or less movement of' the sleeve lengthwise on the upright support.

Thilo the welding or other mode of xcdly attaching the anchor carrier to the Sealed-in support may be preferable in many instances, that mode ot fastening which permits some degree of play between the sleeve and the hor wire is arlaiitageo1is and particularly so with certain filament-s, such for instance as large filaments, for the sleeve is then permitted to follow more or less the expansion and contraction of the lamentJ without straining the same, as might occur were. the anchor wire perfectly' rigid, and less heat is conducted to thc sealed-in wire. The lamp having been prepared by the insertion of the anchor wires as described, the filament may then be installed in the usual way.

Not only does the use et' a single anchor support of itself decrease the chances ot breakage at the point where the anchor wire is sealed into the stem, but, where my invention is carried out. in some way similar to the specific one illustrated, the carrier g acts, not merely as an effective radiator of heat conducted from the filan'ient thereto, causingl such heat to be dissipated before it reaches the junction of the anchor wire and the stem, but, when formed separate from the anchor wire, and particularly when loosely mounted thereon, the carrier has a heat insulating space between it and the anchor support, all this tending to prevent the deleterious effect of the heat transmitted from the tilai'nent to or toward the stem.

My invention is especially advantageous in its bearing upon the renewing of lain; that is, the replacing of a burned ont o otherwise damaged filament by a 'fresh fila ment through a small opening made or that purpose in the tip of the lamp bulli.

By the use of my invention the manufacturer of renewed lamps may, if desired,

place a filament requiring a l'ilurality of anchor supports 1n a lamp that was originally made with but one anchor wire or lilament support, the only addition necessary vchor carrier with its previously attached wires, being perforated, is readily placed on and over the projecting sealed-in wire, with an case which is desirable where the manipulation must be carried on through the small restricted opening in the end ot the lamp bulb. One advantage possessed by a sleeve in this operation is that it brings the ends. of the anchor support at a previously ascertainable position so that no fitting need be done after the support is in position. Through the use of this invention, therefore, the manufacturer of renewed lamps is required to keep in stock old or damaged lamps of but one style, namely, those having the single filament support.. These may be renewed into lamps having` either vthe single filament or the double filament support..

4The present manufacturing practice lies in the direction of filaments designed with llt) incassa a view to eifectivelight radiation and of such form, shape and construction as to require, or make highly desirable,`a plurality of anchor supports. It therefore follows that, in a lamp provided with a filament constructed perhaps according to earlier usages in the art and having relatively iny erior light-distributing qualities, my invenp an tion permits the substitution for that, tila` ment, Whether the latter is impaired through usage, or. nnimpaired, of a new lainent of superior lightdistributing qualities for which two or more anchor supportsiare desirable or necessary7 thus, in effect convert` ing an interior lamp into a superior one.

ll'hile l have disclosed and described in detail one embodiment of my invention -suii- -cient to give an adequate comprehension thereof, it is to be understood that the same includes Within its scope extensive modifi cations thereof and wide departures therefrom and many variations in construction and manipulation which will be obvious to Athose skilled in the art7 all of which are unnecessary for me to refer to or suggest herein. v

Claim:

l. )in incandescent lamp provided with a filament, a stern through which the filament connections enter, a single metallic anchor wire sealed into said stem, a glass sleeve upon said wire, and electri rally sepa- :rated branch wires sealed into said sleeve and connected respectively to different points in the length of said 'filament Q. An incandescent lan'lp provided with l a'tilainent, a stein, a single metallic anchor Al t) sleeve and connected respectively to difterent points in the lengthv of said filament. 4 3. An incandescent lamp having a tila ment7 a stein, a metallic anchor support sealed into said stem, a perforated body of insulating material secured to said support, and a plurality of electrically separated anchor Wires secured to said insulating material and at their opposite ends connected respect-ively to dierent points in the length of the filament.

4. The combination with a lurality of tilament loops of a metallic anc ior support and -a plurality of electrically separated supports by which the various ilament` loops are supported and which are connected to said anchor support by a perforated carrier movably mounted thereon.

5. An anchor carrier for an incandescent lamp comprising a hollow elongated sleeve adapted to be placed upon a filament supsport. and a plurality of. electrically sepa` rated connections secured to said sleeve and adapted to be attached to` separated'points in the length of the lamp filament.

(l. An anchor support for a lamp filament comprising an elongated supporting member adapted for attachment to the lamp7V said member being perforated for applica` tion to a suitable projecting,- part on the lamp and separate, anchoring supports secured to said member.

In testimony whereof, l havesigned my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ltit'lTllEW M. MERRlT Witnesses THOMAS li. Boo'rii, Citas. E. lhnncn.

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