US1061556A - Valve. - Google Patents

Description

B. F. OSBORNE.

VALVE.

A APPLIOATION FILED DBO. 30, 1909. y 1,061,556. Patented May13,1913.

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EUGENE F. OSBORNE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO OSBORNE STEAM ENGI- NEERING COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION 0F ILLINOIS.

VALVE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 13,1913.

Originalapplcation led October 1, 1909, Serial No. 520,487. Divided and this application filed December To all whom t may concern Be it known that l, Enormi: F. (.)snonxrn a citizen ot' the llnited States. and a resident. of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of lllinois, have invented certain new and useful Imynovenwnts in Valves; and l do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, ret`c1- ence being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the characters o't` reference marked thereon, which form a part` ot' this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in valves of thatI kind which is provided with an extension arranged to enter and tit closely within a portion ot the passage which connects the two sides of the valve in such manner as to relieve the body sea t1 and the valve piece seat trom 'wear due to the wire drawing action of the fluid passing through the valve at times when the valve piece is approaching or moving away Vfrom its seat.v

My improvements are herein shown as applied to that type otl valve shown in my prior application it'or United States Letters Patent, Serial Number 520,487, tiled October 1st, 1909. of which this application is a division. The invention is capable however of being applied to valves of other and various designs as indicated by the illustrated modified structures herein.

Among the objects otl the invention is to provide, in a valve ot this character, a pressure reducing chamber between the valve piece extension and the seating tace of the valve piece so arranged and shaped with respect to the extension and valve piece seat as to. not only equalize the pressure on both sides of the body and valve piece seats when the valve begins to open, butI also to prevent the stream of fluid issuing from the restricted passage around the valve ieee projection into said chamber from )eing directed against the seating face of the valve piece in a manner to injure the same, and also to cause the stream of fluid to be broken up by a swirling action and thereby minimize its etect on the parts against which it impinges.

A further object of the invention is to provide a swivel valve piece ot the construction described, wherein the engagement of the valve piece projection with the wall of the Huid passage holds the valve piece from ro Serial No. 535,548.

tation as it approaches and leaves its seat., and thereby avoid the grinding action between the body seat and the seating tace of the valve piece, such as would occur if the swiveling action be not present.

(.)ther objects of the invention will appear itrom the `following description, and the in vention consists in the matters hereinafter set t'orth and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

ln the drawings,-Figure 1, is an axial section of one t'orm of valve embodying my invention. Fig. Q is a fragmentary section ot a valve. showing a modified t'orm of valve piece and body seat. Figs. 3, 4Il and 5 are views illustrating further modilications.

'lhe easing of the valve herein shown is composed ot two principal parts, to wit, the valve body l0, on which is t'ormed the body seat and the bonnet l1, said parts being 'tastened togetherl by bolts 1l. lThe former is provided `with a branched passage l2\and the latter is provided with a branched passage 13 adapted tor connection with pipes in which the valve is connected. The branched 'passages are generally parallel with each other when the valve is connected in a straight line of piping, to provide a through valve. lt. may be converted into an angle valve,`in the manner described in my aforesaid application. The valve stem 15 eX- tends through the neck 1G ot the bonnet and said stem is screw-threaded at its inner end to engage interior screav threads of the bon netv whereby it` may be moved toward and from the body seat. The valve stem is provided at its outer end with a hand wheel 18 and carries at its lower end a swivel valve piece 19 having a seating tace which is arranged to engage the body seat to close the passage 2() thatI connects one side of the valve to the other; the seating face 21 of the valve piece engaging a body seat` 22 formed on the valve body. Said body seat 2Q shown in Fig. 1 is formed on the upper margin of an annular lip 23 surrounding the upper end ot said passage 2Q. The swivel connection of the valve piece At`ojll' ,tl`ie-stem comprises, in this instance, an upwardly opening recess in the valve piece, into which extends the lower headed end 25 of the stern, and a nut 26 surrounding the stem and having an annular, exterior-ly screw-threaded flange which en gages interior screw threads in the recess of what wider at its lower side than the body seat 22 sovthat upon wear of the face ring the valve piece will follow such wear in a mannen to insure a close lit of the :tace ring i and seat. 4

Referring now to the constructlon where by is avoided wear on the body seat and the seating face of the valve piece, due tothe high velocity `of the Huid passing through the valve, said partsqare made as follows The said swivel valve piece shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is provided with a projection 30, preferably lmade integral therewith, which extends downwardly into the passage 20 a distance below the body seat 22 when the valve is closed. lThe projection is rovided at its lower end with a cylindric ange 31 which closely ts andills a cylindric por` tion 32 of the passage 20, the tbeing a close slip fit. Said port-ion 32 constitutes the smallest diameter of.v said passage and is located a distance below the plane ofthe body seat 22 somewhat less than 'the distance between the plane of the seatin tace of the valve piece and the plane ot t e dange or enlargement 3l of saidprojection. The said flanged portion of the projection fits closely in the restricted portion of the passage when the valve is closed, it entering said restricted portion of the passage before the valve piece is seated and leaving the said restricted passage after the valve iece has been lifted a substantial distance i om its seat and the restricted area' for the duid dow between the ycylindric projection and the passage in which it` closely ts is maintained constant while the projection is within said restricted portion of the passage, due to the cylindricity of the parts. rllhus when the valve piece is removed from the body seat, either when the'valve is being opened or closed, the area between said projection and the wall of the restricted passage is so much smaller than thatbetween the valve piece and the body seat that the flow of the duid will be v slow through the larger area, as compared to the smaller' area, and the "projection of the valve piece and surroundingwall of` the restricted passage willfreceive'the wear, due

to the 'high velocity of the duid passing through the valve? There is provided between the valve seat-and the restricted portion ot the passage an equalizing `chamber 331 'which may be formed in the' valve piece above the flanged or enlarged part of the projection 30, and which may be augmented by tapering outwardly or enlarging the wall of the passage above the restricted part thereof, as indicated at v35. The presence of such chamber operates to equalize the pressure at the inner and outer sides of the body seat when the valve piece is a distance away from its-seat, and at a time while the projection 30 is still within the restricted portion of the passage 20, thus bringingthe` wear, due to the wire drawing action of the` fluid, wholly on'the projection and the wall of the passage surrounding theY same.

When the projection 30 1s an integral part of the valve piece, the valve piece, as a whole, may be readily and economically made, and there are no loose parts which arelikely to become deranged or to change the relative distance between the larger part of the 'projection and the seating face of the vvalve rpiece.` The said projection 'may be hardened so as to resist the wear due tothe wire drawing action of the liuid,l andthe Y'in a valve havinga ground, metal to metal,

seat for steam, hydraulic and like work. IArs shown in 1Fig. 2 the valve piece 37 has va ground seating face 38 adapted to seat against a ground body seat 39 on the valve body. ln this instance the seat is shown as `formed on a removable screw-threaded ring 40 that is screw-threaded in the passage 20 of the valve body, the inclined or tapered seat being shown as formed on the upper, inner side of the ring. Said ring is indicated as being supported on the interior partition of an ordinary form of globe'valve, to which latter type of valve my invention may be equally well applied.

In the modification shown in Fig. 3, the projection on the valve'piece'which receives the wearing action of the fluid is located.

that is screw-threaded in the valve body.'

Ra'dially within said seat, and embraced thereby, is an annular, upstanding Hange 50, and the valve piece is provided above its seating face 47 Vwith a radial llange 53, constituting a projection, that fits closely upon the outer side of said flange 50 near-its top. lhaannular rejection 53 and the outer `wall oit the ange 50 receive the severe ith wear, due to the nigh velocity of the fluid passing through the valve when the valve piece is approaching or when it begins to move away from its seat, the passage between said flanges being still restricted when the valve piece is removed a distance from its seat, as inthe first described construction, and with a like effect. The valve piece may have a guide stem that guidingly engages a suitable aperture in a spider 56 within the passage 43. The flange 53 constitutes a projection of the valve piece which coperates with the flange 50 to Yr'ovide a restricted passage controlled by said projection in a inanner to avoid the injurious Wire drawing action of the fluid on the body seat and seating face of the valve piece. Between said projection and the seat the seat ring and valve piece are formed to provide an equalizing chamber 57, the function of which is to equalize the pressure at the inner and outer sides of the body seat and across the seating face of the valve piece, as in the constructions before described.

1n the construction shown in Fig. l the body seat 60 is formed on the exterior upper end of the ring 61 and the valve piece 62 fits' outside of said ring and is formed with a seat 63 for engagement with said body seat. The said valve piece is provided with a central projection 64: that fits closely within a restricted portion of the passage of the ring 61, and there is located between said projection and valve piece seating face an equalizing chamber 65 formed principally in the valve piece.

in the construction shown in Fig. 5 the seating face 67 on the valve piece 68 is V-shaped in cross-section and the body seat 69 on the seat ring 70 is correspondingly tapered to be engaged thereby. In other respects the arrangement is like that shown in Fig. 4.

'lt will be observed that in all the constructions shown the pressure reducing or equalizing chambers and valve piece projections are so shaped and related to the valve piece seat that the fluid which escapes through the restricted passages between the valve piece extensions or projections and the walls of the passages (when the fluid flow through the valve is in the direction of the opening movement of the valve piece) strikes a part of a surface of the valve piece constituting no part of the seat, and at a point radially removed from `the seating faces of the valve piece and body seat; the chamber being principally radially within the circumference of the valve piece projection. This arrangement is important because all the Wear brought upon the valve y ieee by the impingement of the stream of uid w ich passes around the projection is limited to an area in which it cannot injure the body seat or the seating face of the valve piece. By reason of the fact that such stream of fluid is made to strike such surface at a point radially removed from the valve seat, the reaction set up has the effect to break up the stream or to cause it to eddy or swirl in the equalizing chamber, and thus to a greater extent decrease the cutting effect of the fluid on the valve and body seat when the fluid passes across the same. This eli'ect is heightened by the special shape given to said chambers in Figs. l and 5. In case, by reason of a soft spot or other defect at one side of the valve piece projection, such side of the projection would become quickly worn away and a stream of fluid of appreciable size, (as compared to the thin, annular film like jet which escapes around the closely fitting projections) would be projected with great force on the valve piece, when the valve piece begins to move away from the body seat or approaches it, and if the seating face of the valve piece be in the pat-h of such jet it would receive the direct wear of the jet. and would soon be destroyed.

However, in the fpresent construction such y accidental Wear alls upon a part of the valve piece not constituting its seating face, and the destructive wear on the -seat is not manifested. Likewise in the normal wear of the projection the` annular area surrounding the projection becomes gradually larger an the vrojection performs its function .with a gra ually decreasing efficiency until said arca equals the area of the valve opening at the time when the valve begins to open. During the use of the valve when the area surrounding the projection is normally enlarging the effect of the annular stream of fluid on the valve piece to wear away the latter will gradually increase, but inasmuch as this force is not impinged directly against the seating face of the valve piece or body seat, the seat-s will remain practically intact until the projection is worn to its limit of effective use. After such projection has, by reason of wear, thus become ineffective for the purpose intended, the seating face of the valve piece is in practically the same condi tion as in a new valve without such valve piece projection.

A 'further advantage of the lconstruction described, embodying the valve piece swiveled to its actuating stern and provided with the projection which closely fits the restricted wall of the passage, is that the engagement of the projection by the passage wall prevents the va ve piece from turning, so that the said valve piece approaches the body seat and is' moved away therefrom by an axially direct, non-rotative movement.

`In this manner considerable wear is saved on the body seat and the seating face of the valve piece, as compared to a construction where no swivel action is present, or where the area of contact between the projection and wall of the passage is not suilicient to hold the valve piece from turning. rl`he lower headed end 25 of the stem is rounded to engage the bottom wall of the socket in the valve piece so as to lessen the .friction between the stem and valve piece and thus in a greater measure bring out the advantage last described. j

Another advantage of chamberingl the valve piece, as to produce. the equalizing or pressure reducing chamber described, when used in a piping system for hot iuids, is that thereby the valve piece is permitted to slightly flex between its marginal port-ion and its center when the valve piece is yclosed tightly against the body seat so as to thereby maintain the seating faces in effective contact when the valve is closed. When the closing stem subsequently cools and contracts, therefore, and the valve piece or disk straightens to its normal position, the seating face of the valve piece is held tightly against the body seat to maintain the valve tightly closed. Moreover the guiding engagement between the projection and wall of the passage in which it lits, serves to hold the valve piece centrally in place for regrinding purposes.

The ground seats and seating faces of the valve piece shown in the last described figures may be replaced by soft'nietal seats if desired and where practicable. Moreover the valve seats shown in said last mentioned figures may in some instances be formed on parts integral with the valve body.

l claiml. A valve having an annular body seat, a movable `valve piece having a seating face to engage the body seat, and a cylind'ric projection on the valve piece in advance of the seating face adapted to enter and closely fit a likeshaped partof the fluid passage to maintain a substantially constant restricted area for uid ow between the saine and the wall of thepassage in which it fits duringv a substantial extent of movement of the valve piece from the body seat, there being formed between the inner end of the said projection and said seating face an equalizing chamber, arranged principally radially withinthe circumference of said projection.

2. A valve having an annular body seat, a movable valve iece having a seating face to 'engage the ody seat, and a cylindric projection on the valve piece in advancevof the seatin face adapted to enter and closely fit a like s aped part of the fluid assage beyond the body seat, there being ormed between the inner end of said projection and projection being of a length or thicknessy slightly greater than the distance between the restricted" part of the passage, and the body seat, there being formed between the inner end of said projection and seating g face of the valve an equalizing chamber ai` ranged relatively to the projection to direct fluid passing between said projection and the Wall of said passage, when the-projection occupies the restricted part of the passage, against a non-.seating portion of the valve piece. y

4. A valve having an annular body seat, a movable valve piece having a seat to engage the body seat, a projection integral with the valve piece comprising a neck and a relatively wide cylindric flange, the latter adapted to enter and closely lit a part of the fluid passage adjacent to said seat, and the pro-- jection being of a length slightly greater than the distance between the body sea-t and the restricted part of the passage.

5. A valve comprising a casing having an annular body seat surrounding a passage connecting the two sides of the valve, a movable valve piece having a seat to engage the body seat, a stem having swivel connection with the valve piece and screw-threaded to the casing to move the valve piecev toward and from the body seat, the valve piece being provided with an extension which lits closely in a restricted part of said passage to prevent wire drawing action of the uid on the valve seat, the frictional contact between the projection and passage wall being greater than that between the stein and valve piece, whereby when said projection enters the'passage the. valve piece is held from turning while itis being seated.

ln testimony, that'l claim the foregoing as my invention I afliX my signature inthe presenceof two witnesses, thisQrth day of December, A. D. 1909.

EUGENE r. osnonivn.

Vlitnesses.:

W. la. HALL, Grenen R. WILKINS.

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