US106135A - Improvement in boiler for reducing fibrous materials to textile stock - Google Patents

Description

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` Letters Batent Nc. 106,135, dated August 9, 1,870. y

IMPROVEMENTIN Bomen PoR .aEDU'cING fFIBRoUs MaTnarALsTo TEXTILE sTocK.-

i The Schedule referredito in these Letters Patent and making of the name.l

r nenknowunmt 1, LORENZO EAN, of Fort ne ward, in' the county ot' jWashington and lState of NewYork, have invented a new and improved Boiler `for Reducing Fibrous Material to a Textile Stock; and l 1 do hereby declare the following to bea full, clear,

and exact descriptionfofl the same, reference being had tothe accompanying drawing makinga part of V4this specification, in which.-

Figure Vl is a sectional elevation, and Figure 2 isa transversefvertical section.

` The invention relates to theV reduction of Esparto grass or straw or` other fibrous material to atextile` stocln'vwlience paper or felt may be manufactured by boiling or cooking the grass withina revolvingr boiler, containing any suitable chemical solution.`

Heretofore this process has been carried on in a single-shell boiler, the outside of which is exposed di-V rectly to the ames of the furnace, and it has been `found that,`to prevent thennaterial in'such a bbiler from scorching, and so `being rendered useless, it is necessary to keep the boiler about half filled with the liquid solutiom and that even then such of the -material as sticks upon the overlapping edges of theboiler- `plates or rivets,uor is backed up on the heated surface ofthe boiler, is `sure to become singed if the boiler should become over-heated. Were it not for the liability to Scorch, very much less? of the liquid would ,be used, the amount manufacturers are, for this reason,

compelled toemploy being considerably in excess of what is necessary to rnoisteu the material and produce steam, whiclris the principal disintegratingagent in` the process, and taking up so much of the space in i the boiler as to leave insufiqcient room for steam to act in;`

To reduce the quantity of 'liquid to the point whicbsimple economy demands, without, at the' same time, exposing the material to the danger of` scorching, -was` theproblem the solution of which isv the object of this invention.

' `The invention, therefore, consists in the combination, with the ordinary sin`gleshell boiler, of an interior 4perforated boiler of thinner material than the outer one, for holding the substance to be reduced,

said inner boilerbeing provided with longitudinal 'externalribs of a uniform width, suicientto bring the Iouter edges of the ribs intr-)contact with the innerl surface of the outer boiler, and thus maintain auannular chamber between the inner' and outer shells, which,

being filled with the liquid solution, as the Iboiler revolves, preserves the inner shell, and the material therein contained, from overheating. By this means i I am enabled toreduce the quantity of liquid to within the normal limits and gain the requisite steamspace.v

In the drawinga is theou-ter shell, and b t-he perforated inner shell .of the boiler. y

c istbe furnace in which tlieboiler is partially inclosed, land out of which the boiler extends to a suiiicient distance to afford space, outside the furnace, for

theman-hole tht-he stock-tester e, and the cockf, by

which the liquid contents of the boiler are drawn oli'. l haie the longitudinal external ribs of the inner siell.

i t' are the trunnions on which the boiler revolves, and It k, the standards which uphold the trunuions.

In using this boiler, to one ton of Esparto grass, straw, or other fibrous material, after the same has been soaked in tepid water, and disintegrated in a machine dred ga lons of water, in which-there has been dis solved 'from one Vhundred and seventy-five' 'to two hundred pounds of alum, or itsequivalentineorude alum, according tothe-toughness ot' the fiber. The boiler is then `set in rotatiomand its contents cookedfrom three to six hours, according to the quality of stock itlisdesired to make, which isascertained by drawing a sample from the boiler by the stock-tester.

When the stock has 4been reduced to the proper quality, the liquid iis drawn oi` from the boiler,

through the cock f, leaving the s tock in the inner shell. It may be convenient to throw in a hogsbead or so of water prior to drawing oi' the liquid, for the purpose of .effecting a complete separation between the liquid and the stock.

' After drawing oli' the liquid, a suicient quantity Iof water isthrown into the boiler, at 'different times,

to wash the stock, such washing beingelfected by the continued rotation of the boiler. "lhere is then `pumped into the boiler from three to fourhundred gallons of a solutionv composed of from fifty. to two hundred pounds of caustic or uncaustic soda-ash,or

Vits equivalent, from fifteen to thirty pounds of horas,

and from six hundred to one thousand gallons of water. lhe boiler is then set in motion `and heat applied to it, and the material, in this way, reduced from two to six hours,the stock-tester indicating when the disintegration of the fibers has proceeded ar enough.

If, at any time, -in the judgment of the operator,

there is not enough of the alkaline solution to reduce the material toa textile-tibered stock, he may add more, and continue the rotationof theboiler and the reducing process.

The solution above spoken of may consist of wa- (er and soda. alone, instead of watensodn, and ho rex, when it is desired to produce at textile-libered material or stock dilerent from the one produced by foregoing process.

It' it is desired to bleach A this material or stock, it may be done in the boiler in the samemanner as in an enginetub or rat, by keeping the boiler in rotation, or the materiel or stock may be removed from theA boiler and b1eached,'and further reduced by the ordinary method.

For certzii n kinds of slack for felting and paper piu'- poses I propose not to use 'any alkaline solution, but a larger quantity of lime and alum, and the washing ont ot' these inay coinpletethe process.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim :is nent, and desire to secure by Letters Potent, is

1. rlhe boiler herein described, consisting essentially of the outer shell a and the inner perforated shell b, having a. smooth interior, in combiimtionjvith the furnace c, substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

2. The process of reducing fibrous material to a, textile-fibered stock, substantially asherein described.

LORENZO DEAN: Witnesses:

JAMES MCINTYRE, I REBECCA SHERwooD.

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