US1061158A - Cupola-furnace. - Google Patents

Description

W. N. BEST.

GUPOLA PU KNACKi n sEPT.12,191

APPLIATION FILE Patented' May 6, 1913.

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A TOHNEYS Patented May 6, 1913.

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CUPOLA FURNACR. APPLIGATIUN FILED HBP?. x2. 1911,

L fi WILLIAM NEWTON BEST, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y.

CUPOLA'FURNACEL Specification cf Letters Patent.

Patent-ed May 6, 1era. Y

' Application aledsept'emberiz, 1911. serial,zsiatsae'sa.

To all 'uf/mnt it my conce/7L:

Be it known that. ILVILLIAM Nmvroix" Bss'r. a citizen of' the United States, and a resident of the city of New'York, borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York, have 'invented certain -new and useful Improvements in Cupola-Furnaces, of which the following' is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to certain improvements in cupola furnaces, and the ob]ect of the invention is to so construct the furnace that crude oil or any other liquid hydrocarbon can be used as the fuel instead of coal or coke as is employed in ordinary'v practice.

In the connnon type of cupolal furnace, the

body Yof the furnace is charged by first plaeinr a quantity of wood inthe bottom and then piling upon it alternate layers of fuel and metal, the former being-ordinarily coal or colte and the latter being pig' iron or scrap iron. r[he fire is then kindled in the wood at the bottom and an air blast from apositive blower is used to' supply the oxygen necessary for the combustion of the entire fuel inass. As the metal melts, it passes through the fuel and of course ab# sorbs niuchfof the `sulfur contained in the fuelT which is detrimentalito -the metal.

.In my improved construction, I form the cupola in coinbination with a bath furnace and deliver the flame and the necessary air across thc bath furnace and up through the cupola. 'lhis ).wrn'iits of the thorough inixing'of the metal after it flows from the cupola into the hath furnace` and', as no coal or colte is used. dillieulties arising from the present-'c of sulfur therein are. entirely avoided.

'l`he invention involves the arrangement and combination of parts hereinafter described in detail and particularly pointed out in the claim. 1

Reference is to be had to the accompanyiupr drawings which forni :i part df this specification and in which similar reference characters"indicate corresponding parts in the different views.-

Figure 1 is ay central vertical section through a furnace' constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2 is a top plan View, one-half being shown in section on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1; and Fig. Bis a transverse section on the line 3 3 of F ig. 1.

In my improved construction,I there 1s a main'stack or cupola 10 of any suitable con struction and adapted to be charged at the upper end through any form of charging-- doors or other apparatus not shown. The cupola at its lower endA rests upon a base, Within which is formed a. bath furnacev 1l. The cupola is lined with firebriclt 'or other suitable refractory material, as are also the side and top walls of theI bath furnace. v The bottom of the latter is preferably provided with a layer of furnace sand 12. VThe cupola stands at one end ofthe'bath furnace and has a restricted opening through' which it may communicate with the bath furnace. 'The cupola has a floor llpreferably of magnesite brick, the 110012 sloping downwardly to the opening 14C, constituting the outlet ofthe furnace.;

l The bottom of the bath furnace -is preferably curved and at one Yside isa .tapping spout 15, through/ whichithe metal 'may be drawn off` to a suitable vladle brother device. Opposite to the tappin'gspout is a doorway 16 normally. closed a door 17, with a refractory lining'and a cast iron frame. At the end of the bath furnace op- 'posite vto the ,'upola is a combustion chamber 18 above the normal level'of molten metal in the batlffurnace., This combustion cha-m. 86 ber is substantially triangular inhorizontab cross sect-ion. its base being-ofthe -fu'll width of the'bath furnace closely vadjacent th door 17 and the tapping spout 15, audits l 'apex being at a slightly higher elevation 90 and constituting the inlet 19. At this inlet there vis placed a burner 20 vpreferably constructed as disclosed-in my prior Patent No. 752,195 granted February'l, 1904. This burner serves tospray a fan-shaped sheet of liquid fuel downwardly through the conv. bastion chamber, so that the ame;fwill strike the metal in the bath furnace `upon its `upper surface and adjacent the outlet. elow the burner .is a large air inletv pipe 21, delivering air under pressure into the (.-ombustion chamber below vthe burner, to supply the necessary air-for carryingr on the complete combustion of the liquid fuel. The air or steam delivered through the burner serves pri1n arily to atomize and distribute the fuel throughout the combustion chamber, while the pipe 21 serves for the .delivery of thev air supporting the combustion. A second air pipe l2 may be einployed, if desired, and delivered directly in therear of the burner. This is used A(Lilly-t0 ioo 15 isbeing prepared to receive the molten c the vcupola an increase the velocity of. the flame through the charge in the cupola.

' In charging'my improved furnace, a `few pie'ces'of woodare placed in position across thebottom ofthe cupola, so as'to protect the metal, by being heated to a 'degree which will lnot chill the metal but which will, on

the other hand, increase its temperature.

Y The flame'passes from the combustion ehamber through the bath furnace to the opening f 14 and theneeupwardly through the cupola.

'The iron` melts and begins to run -down through the-opening 14 and collectin the bath furnace. If it is desired to simply run cast iron, the metal can-pass directly into a ladle without vfillingthe bath furnace.

.If dense'iron is to be 1nade,rthe pig and the 'steel which added thereto can flow into.

the--bath furnace until two' or'threetons of it. has'accumulated, and the Amass can be thoroughly mixed bypoling in the usual manner. c .The burner is of such character that it delivers a fan-shaped flame of substantiall)Y .the same shape as the combustion chamber andthe wallsl o f :the bath furnace-opposite 'to the combustion chamber converge toward the opening '14 so that the Haine is brought together and -delivered with full effect through the opening 14 into the lower por tion of the charge. Either compressed air or steam can be used in the burner to atomize the'fuel, and the burner may be regulated'to produce the, oxidizing or reducing flame and to produce any desired degree of heat. As an added feature, I provide means whereby turnings or borings from castings may be charged in the bath furnace so as to eliminate the oxidation of the small parti.

cles of metal. For this purpose I have illustrated four tubes or -conduit-s, (24) leading from the upper surface of the bath furnace te outlets beneath the normal level of the metal in the bath furnace. Through these tubes or conduits,.theborings or turnings -lnay be delivered directly into the molten metal and united with the latter'without liability of oxidation.

Ey having the bath as above described,

the metal may berundirectly into the ladles or may be held and steel added tao-the bath. Manganese er other materials may also be added' to the bath and stirred into the mixture. In this manner, various kinds fof metals may be lnadc from one charge. AThe oxygen unites with the fuel in the combustion chamber before it reaches the bath of the furnace. This prevents the oxidation of the nietal, whereas in the ordinary cupola, there is a very considerable oxidation.. Having thus described my invent-ion what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

Incornbination, a cupola 'furnace having a subst'ftially closed 4chamber in open coininunifaton therewith and into which the molten metal may flow, a combustion chamber at theend of said metal-'receiving chamlzcr opposite to/said cupola and flaring inwardly and downwardly to substantially the full width of said first-mentioned chamber and to the upper surface of the normal metal level in the latter, means at the outer end or apex of said combustion chamber for spraying the` liquid fuel into said combustion chamber, and a separate conduit delivering combustion supporting air to said 'chamber below said spraying means.

In testimony whereotl have .signed my naine to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

Emcaison T. Mmoclln, C. W. Fanummc.`

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