US1057704A - Wooden building construction. - Google Patents

Description

n11. BROWN.

WOODEN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION. APPLIoATIoN FILED P1111. 19, 1912.

1,057,704. Patented Apr. 1, 1913.

I 2 S'HEETS-SHBET l. Flyin. 5 Z4, E94/ COLUMBIA PLANDGRAPH co.. WASHINGTON. nA

H. BROWN.

WOODEN BUILDING` CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED PEB.19, 1912.

Patented Apr. 1, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WOODEN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr.: 1, 1913.

Application filed February 19, 191211' Se'rialNoi 678,592.

vwill be employed.

Itis the object of my invention to provide a building construction in which small strips of material may be united into a double walled type of structure with an interven- 20.-;ingfspace between, the aforesaid strips being spaced apart and positioned'so as to fo-rm a plastering surface both for interior 'and exterior walls without the application of lath or other plaster-holding material. The aforesaid strips will also constitute the frame-work of t-lie building` as well as the plaster-holding means and no studding, sheathing or lath as ordinarily employed will be required. Then the building is conipleted it will be unusually strong in character and exceptionally warm, as a completely insulated air space is provided between the walls."y As this space will run from top to bottom of the walls without interruption vit will readily be seen that the structure will be such asto produce a building Vthat will Abe in a high degree protected from outside temperature and from moisture.v

Other objects and advantages of my invention will appear in connection with the detailed description thereof and are particularly pointed out in the' claims.`

In the drawings, illust-rating the application of'my invention in one forum-Figure 1 is a prospective elevation of the portion of a wal'l'embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a top vplan of a small section. Fig. 3 is a side elevation showing the manner of breaking joints. Fig. 4 is an enlarged transverse sectionl of a portion of a wall structure. Fig.- 5 is a side elevation of a fragment of thewall showing the manner of setting the joists into the wall. Fig. 6 is a section of a wall laid from the foundation. Fig. 7 illustrates themanner of forming the gable end respectively, of a column or pillar, suchas Fig.. 11 shows ya flooring* porch column.' strip formed of edgingsand which may' be" laid without the employment of joists.- Fig.

12 is'a fragmentof'a built-up"floor'jois't Referring toFig. '6, upon'th foundation 10 a cap board 11 may be laid in mortar'. T

this cap board wedge-shaped strips 12 are nailed flush with the edges of the vcap board 11, providingsurfa'ces incl-ined toward thel center of the cap board 11. Upon each ,ofy the wedge strips 12'is nailed a block .113, of" the form best shown in Figs. 1 and 4.* These blocks are rhomboidal vin cross sectionjnot rectangular. The form of the blocks is such't in relation to the wedge strip 12 that `when the long side of a block is laid upon the inclined surface the short sides will lie in vertical planes. The size of the blocks will vary according to the character of the work." Those shown in the foundationpart of Fig. 6 are larger than those shown in the main wall. I have Vfound that an excellent size for general purpose building,.and one whichl will serve the desired purpose'of enabling` what would otherwise be waste material to be used. is a block about 1 on the shorter side and 1g to l on the longer side.' The length of the blocks may vary, but in general the most satisfactory results will be obtained from yblocks four feet long or multiples of four feet. Upon the pair kof blocks 13 laidupon thewedge strips 12 will be nailed short pieces of lath 14. Owing to the inclination of the longer walls ofthe 'blocks 13, if the lath were dry it would break at the joints 15 but if the lath is green or watersoaked it will bend at these join/ts without Fig. 8 shows a meansfof"v breaking, so that the strips of lath eXtendeach succeeding tier of blocks will benailed y u desired, be a series of narrow blocks.

to the blocks below through these lath strips. As clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the ends of the blocks will be caused to break joints up the wall of the building requiring an extra tier 16 of lath strips, the ends of blocks being nailed into one another, as indicated at 1T in Fig. 1.

The corner structure of my building is clearly shown in Fig. 1 in which alternate tiers of blocks extend through to the outside of each wall, the tiers not extending through being nailed to those which do extend through, as indicated at 18. This makes an extremely strong structure, especially so after the building has been plastered inside and out, as will be later pointed out.

Referring again to Fig. 6, the foundation wall may, as shown, be carried up some little distance above the ground level when special blocks 19 will be nailed in and a cap strip 20 applied. This strip may be a single board ruiming clear through or it may, if It also may be omitted entirely. Upon the strip 20, or as shown in Fig. 5, directly upon the special blocks 19 and positioned above the tiers of lath 14 are placed the lioor joist 21. Between the floor joist the walls will be built up by special blocks 22 laid in upon lath strips 14, as clearly shown in Fig. 5, the blocks 22 being of just suiicient lenth to lit in endwise between pairs of joists. The joist. to be used may be the ordinary dimension floor joist or may be a structure such as shown in Fig. 12 built up from edging blocks. In this structure the edging blocks 23, which may be in the neighborhood of an inch and a half square, are nailed upon each other and upon central spacing strips 24, thus forming a thoroughly rigid structure. It will be noted that the floor joists coming in the line of the t-iers of lath form a part of the compression members which include the lath and the blocks of wood lying between the planes of the edges of the lath, and these compression members are the full equivalent of the studding used in ordinary wooden building construction. In fact, the effect of this structure will be far superior to that 'of ordinary studding, for the com` pression members or supports will thus be an integral part of the walls of the building.

In place of floor joist to be covered with flooring in the usual way, I have devised a flooring strip, such as shown in Fig. 11, which can be laid from wall to wall without the employment of any joists whatever. In this iiooring strip outer boards 24 are employed which may be 1x4, 1x6, 1x 8, etc., according to the extent of the floor to be laid. Between the boards 24 edging strips 25 are secured upon one another by nailing or otherwise, and the top of these edging strips are properly surfaced. The bottoms of the boards 24 bear upon the sills and each board 24 will be nailed upon the similar board of the adjacent strip from beneath. This will give an extremely strong and lasting floor structure of what will be in eifect one inch edge grain flooring, while at the same time employing what would otherwise be waste material. As shown in Fig. 11, the lower edges of the edgings can be left in their rough and unfinished condition.

r1`he wall structure for the gable ends of a building will be formed exactly the same as in the body of the wall except that in place of the square ended blocks 13 special blocks 26 will be employed having the ends sawed to the bevel of the pitch of the roof. The tiers of lath 14 will run up from the wall below in the same manner that the studding of an ordinary building would be extended into the gable, while at the ends of the blocks adjacent the roof the lathy will run in a diagonal tier 2T corresponding to the pitch of the roof. In practice, I contemplate manufacturing the gable blocks already fitted at the factory for a building of a given design, said blocks being properly numbered so that the builder will have no difficulty in placing the same in the building. This will also be true of the window cap structure shown in Fig. 8. In this struc ture one or more sets of strips 28, 29 are laid between the sets of blocks and the blocks on either side nailed to said strips. It .will be obvious that this will provide an arch structure as strong as may be desired.

Figs. 9 and 1() illustrate a form of porch column constructed of specially devised blocks and designed to be covered with plaster. The blocks 30 run longitudinally and are spaced by means of short radial strips 31, the outside of the column being tightly wound by a wire 32 'which may be placed on spirally or otherwise, as desired.

The structure shown in Fig. 6 discloses a foundation wall wider than the body wall, and where desired the walls of the upper stories may be made of less thickness than the walls of the stories just below. It is also true that the air space 33 formed in my wall may be varied in width between very considerable limits without adding to any extent to the amount of material used in the wall.

A building constructed in accordance with the invention herein disclosed is designed to be used without paper, sheathing, lath, or any other wall structure excepting only the plaster, which will be laid directly upon the outside and inside walls formed by the blocks 13. As is indicated in Fig. 6, the mortar will enter the openings between blocks 13, and since these openings are downwardly turned, will form a clenching hold in these openings which will retain the mortar in position as effectively as would metal or any other form of lath. This downward slope of the openings between blocks is essential to, effect the aforesaid complete locking action. The air space between the inner and outer walls is of uninterrupted eXtent and all of the nails used are buried in the body of the wall and do not extend from the outside to the inside, which is a matter of material advantage in resisting frost action and warping. It is also true that this complete structure not only uses materials which would otherwise be largely waste but also may be as rapidly and more cheaply constructed than the old form of wooden building, for the reason that there is but one set of operations to be peformed and that of such a simple nature that it may be done by comparatively unskilled labor.

I claim:

l. A wooden building having the walls formed of tiers of wooden blocks spaced apart to form an intervening air chamber, and the individual blocks being held separated by transverse strips which bind the said two tiers into an integral wall structure, said blocks being rhoniboidal in cross section and held in the wall with the short sides in vertical planes so that the openings between the blocks slope downwardly toward the center of the wall.

2. A wooden building having the walls formed of tiers of wooden blocks rhomboidal in cross section and spaced apart to forni an intervening air chamber, and lath secured between pairs of blocks of both tiers and holding the individual blocks spaced so that the openings formed between the same will slope downwardly toward the center of the wall.

3. A wooden building having the walls formed of tiers of wooden blocks rliomboidal in cross section and spaced apart to form an intervening air chamber, said blocks being positioned in the walls with one set of faces in vertical planes, lath strips bet-Ween each adjacent pair kof blocks extending across both tiers, each set of lath strips running in a vertical line from bottom to top of the wall, the blocks being nailed successively upon one another through said lath strips which hold the individual blocks separated with openings sloping downwardly toward the center of the wall, said lath being bent thereby to forni cross strips binding the tiers into a substantially integral wall struct-ure.

4. A wooden building having the walls formed of tiers of wooden blocks rhomboidal in cross section and spaced apart to form an intervening air chamber, said blocks being positioned in the walls with one set of faces in vertical planes, lath strips between each adjacent pair of blocks extending across both tiers, each set of lath strips running in a vertical line from bottom to top of the wall, floor joists having the ends thereof set in said wall in said vert-ical lath lines, and short blocks and lath strips continuing the wall structure between the joists.

5. A wooden building having the walls formed of tiers of wooden blocks rhomboidal in cross section and spaced apart to form an intervening air chamber, said/blocks being positioned in the walls with one set of faces in vertical planes, lath strips between each adjacent pair of blocks extending across both tiers, each set of lath strips run- -niiig in a vertical line from bottom to top of the wall, said lines of lath corresponding in position to the studding of a common wooden building wall, the ends of said blocks being alternately set out of line to break the vertical line of joints thereof, and a separate vertical line of lath for supporting said ends.

6. A wooden building having the walls formed of tiers of wooden blocks rhomboidal inv cross section and spaced apart to form an intervening air chamber, said blocks being positioned in the walls with one set of faces in vertical planes, lath strips between each adjacent pair of blocks eXtending across both tiers, each set of lath stripsl running in a vertical line from bottom to top of the wall, said lines of lath corresponding in position to the studding of a common wooden building wall, and window er door caps formed integrally with the bo-dv of the wall by bracing strips nailed between the tiers to the blocks of each tier and sloping from the central point of junction to the sides of the opening.

7. A wooden building having the walls formed of tiers of wooden blocks rhomboidal in cross section and spaced apart to vform an intervening air chamber, lath secured between pairs of blocks of both tiers and holding the individual blocks spaced so that the openings formed vbetween the same will slo-pe downwardly toward the center of the wall, said blocks being laid directly upon the foundation, joists laid into the body of the wall, said blocks being of different sizes and diiferently spaced for the basement wall and for the walls between joist levels or floors.

In testimony whereof I afix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HAUGHTON BROWN.

Witnesses F. A. WHITELEY, H. A. BowMAN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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