US1057212A - Hand-tool. - Google Patents

Description

J. H. BALDWIN.

HAND TOOL.

APPLIQATI N FILED 001. 9, 1911.

r Patented Ma r. 25, 191% [aroma H. BALDWIN, or sPRINGFIELmMIssoURI'.

HAND-TOOL.

Specification of Letters latent.

Patented lllar. 25, 1913.

Application filed October 9, 1911. Serial No. 653,766.

To'all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatI, JOHN H. BALDWIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Springfield, in the county of Greene and State of- Missonri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hand- Tools, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to hand tools, and

has "for its object to produce a simple,

'st'ron durable and efficient tool which is 4, ,equal y serviceable as a wrench or pair of pliers.

With this general object in view, the invention consists in certain novel apd peculiar. features of construction and organiza- I, ,tion as. hereinafter described and claimed;

and in order that itmay. be fully understood 'j,,rcference is to be had to the accompanying drawing, in which i 're 1, is a side view of a tool embodying t e invention. Fig. 2, is an enlarged fra ntary view with the jaw of one lever omitted and the pivot in section; said figure also showing the jawless lever withdrawn preliminary to adjusting it to the position p it occupies in dotted lines in Fig. 1. Fig. 3,

is a fragmentary inner face view of the jaw for the adjustable or' jawless lever. Fig. 4,

is an enlarged section on the line IVIV of Fig. 1', Fig. 5, is an enlarged section on the i line V-V of Fig. 1.

The tool consists of six parts-a lever 1 'havin a circular head 2 and a jaw 3; av lever- 4 aving a tongue 5; a circular head 6 having a jaw 7 a pivot-bolt 8, a nut 9, and aspring washer, 10.

The lever 1, head 2 and jaw 3 are preferably of integral formation as common in plier. construction, the head being half thick as the lever and jaw, and the lastnamed elements occupying a substantially parallel rplation and are so proportioned that their inner faces extend radially with respect to the head. i

The head 2, is rovidcd with a pivot hole 11, at its inner si c with a recess 12, the rear portion of the recess flaring rearwurdly at 13, the flaring end of the recess at the side thereof opposite from the lever converges forwardly with respect to the latter and ,constitutes a shoulder 14, which limits the opening movement'of the tool, as'will hcremafte'rappear, and forward of the recess to extensions 0 provided with a longitudinally extendin The head 6 and jaw 7 are integrally formed, and respectively correspond in thickness to head 2-and jaw 3, the head 6 fitting flatly against head 2 and snugly between lever l and jaw 3 and having an outwardly projecting portion 16 for endwise engagement with lever 1 when the tool is fully opened. The head is alsoprovided with a pivot hole 17, and at its inner side with a recess 18 having a rearwardl flaring portion 19; the portion of the ead in which portion 19 of recess 18 occurs being provided with eripheral notches 20 and'21. baid head is a soprovided with a wire-re;- ceiving notch 20.

The lever i-and tongue 5 are of integral .70 notch 22 diametrically opposite 1 formation, ,.the former being of the same 1' thickness as lever 1 and the tongue of less thickness'tolfit snugly in recesses 12 and 18, the tongue being narrow so as to be capable of edgewise ivotal movement in the, flaring said notches; The tongue is key-holeslot 23, the circular portion thereo constituting a pivot hole. At one side of the 24 extendin radially of the said pivothole and adapte for engagement with eitherof the notches 2021.when said pivot holeend of the slot 24 is alined with pivot holes 11 tongue the lever 4 is provided with a tooth' and 17, it being noted that when tooth 24 is in engagement with notch 21 the tool is. adapted for use as liers or as a wire cutter, and that when said tooth is in engagement with notch 20, the tool is adapted for use as a wrench, it being also noted that theinner faces of the jaws-are serrated at- 25, to insure a firm grip on the object tobe turned.

such as a tap or pipe.

The pivot bolt 8 having the usual radially nicked head extends through the, pivot holes 11 and 17 and the ke hole slot of the tongue, and where itexten sthrough the latter is cut away at op ositesides to provide a portion 26 of substantially oblong shape in cross section incapable of rotation in the narrow end thereof, the flat sides of portion 26 n'eferablv aralleling the nick in the hen of the be t sothat the disposition of the nick shall indicate that of the fiat side of the bolt. The latter is provided with a pair of small projections 27 at the underside of its head to engage a pair of shallow depressions 28 in the outer face of one of the heads preferably head .6 to prevent the.

bolt turning while the tool. is in operation and engaging the lower end of the bolt is the thumb nut 9, which is preferably made irremovable by upset-ting or riveting the said lower end of the bolt.- To guard against suchnccidental endwise movement of the bolt as would effect the withdrawal of the projections 27 from the said depressions, the s rin washer 10 is interposed, between the t um nut and the head 2 of the tool, this washer being capable of yielding sufli ciently to permit the bolt to be turned throu h the instrumcntality of the thumb nut when it is desired to transform the tool from a pair of pliers into a wrench or after the tool has been retransformed into pliers.

With the parts in the relation shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 4, the tool is'adapted for use as pliers or for cutting wire, it being noted thatthe oblong portion 26 of-the-bblt extendstransversely of the tongue and hence prevents such movement of the latter as -would' withdraw-tooth 24 from engagcn'ient with notch 21, and that with the parts in such position pressure applied on the levers will cause approaching movement of the jaws for the-purpose of clamping an object between them or for severing a wire which extends through the wire receiving notches 15, it being of course understood that the latter areso formed as to readily cut the wire, as customary. It will also be noticed that there is no chance of the bolt turning accidentally when thc'device is being-used as pliers or as a wire cutter because the projections 27 are in engagement with the depressions 28 of head 6.

lVhcn it is desired to convert the tool into a wrench the operator turns the bolt a quzin ter of a revolution to dispose the nick in the head thereof in alincmcni. with notch 21 and the oblong portion-26 of the bolt in alinement with the narrow portion of the keyhole slot of the tongue. If desired this adjustment may be facilitated by providing the head 6 with a radial marking 29, as a guide in arresting the turning of the bolt at the proper point. he lever 4 is then drawn rearwardly to the position shown in dotted lines ig. 2, where itwill be noticed tooth "24 is disengaged from notch 21 and then the lever is swung inward until arrested by conta t with lover I the pivot bolt of course turning with the lover. As the lever is thus arrested, tooth is alined with notch 20 so that the. said lever 4- may be forced forward to cause the tooth Q-tto enter said notch 20 and thus lock the handle in its new position.

as regards pivotal movement. The forward movement of lover 4 rcdisposes the bolt in the enlarged or pivot. hole of the keyhole slot. so that the bolt may then be turned 1mtil projections 27 reengage depressions 28, at which time the oblong portion of the bolt will again be extending transversely of the tongue and thus prevent lever 4 moving rearwardly so that it shall bear a, rigid relation to lever 1, and with the latter constitute a convenient handle for using the tool as a wrench, it being noted in this connection, that the tool can be used-as a wrench witn- -out handle 4, as the engagement of portion or stop 16 of head (Slimits the separating or opening movement of thejaws, and the object wedges tightly between the jaws and thus prevents opposite or closing movement thcreof.'- To reconvert the tool into pliers, the bolt is turned until the nick in the head is in radial alinement with notch 20 and as a guide in so disposing the bolt, the head 6 is provided with a radial mark 00, extending from notch 20 to the head of the bolt-. The lever 4 is then drawn rear\\'ardl v to withdraw tooth Qetfrom notch 20, and then mid lever is swung outward to the position shown in dotted lines Fig. 2, when it is forced rcarwardly tov etfect reiingagement between its tooth it and notch 21. The bolt is then turned back to its original position, and to facilitate its return to said position (shown in Fig. 1) head -6 is provided wit-h one or more radial marks 31, extending at right angles to mark or line 29, the nick in the head of the bolt occupying the same radial plane as said mark or marks 31 as the projections 27 reiingage depression 28.

To guard against accidental endwise movement of the bolt. and consequent disengagement of projections 27 from depressions 28, the boltis preferably held under yielding pressure with its head against head 6, the washer 10, being a convenient means for accomplishing this purpose, and in this connection it is desired to state that, while the pivot bolt is referred to herein and in the claims as a bolt, it is to be understood that said terln contemplates the use of a pin or non-threaded bolt as well as a threaded one.

By reference to Fig. 1. it will be seen that the teeth of the serrated jaws are disposed in opposite directions so that when the tool is manipulated to turn a nut, pipe. or other object. the teeth of one of them is'positioncd to most etlicicntly perform its gripping function. and itwill also be understood that the teeth alternate so that when the jaws are closed the teeth of one shall enter the notches of the other.

lt. will bc observed that by reason of the fact that the handle of the tool, when the same is adapted for use as a wrench, stands at. one side of a direct line leading from the pivot bolt between the jaws, the tool can be used more conveniently in places which are ditlicult to reach than an ordinary wrench, and asthc wrench is of the universal or alligator type it is adaptable for use in connection with taps and pipe which vary materially in size.

From the above d p-azripiion it will be apr parent that have produced a combination tool embodying the features of advantage enumerated as desirable, and I wish it tobe understood that while I have illustrated and described the preferred embodiment of the Invention, I do not desire to berestricted to the exact details of construction shown anddescrlbed as ObV-lOllSJilOdlfiCflilOIlS will sugtogether, and having forwardly projecting jaws, a le\ er rigid with and projecting from one of the heads, and a second lever reduced in thickness at its front end to form a tongue to-fit between said heads and provided with a longitudinal keyhole slot, and a pivot extending centrally through said heads and said slot and flattened within the latter and capable of turning in the enlarged end but not in the narrow end thereof, and adapted when occupying a certain position in the enlarged end of the slot to prevent cndwisc movement of the tongue and when turned to a position for engagement with the narrow portion of the slot to permit endwise movement of said tongue.

2. In a hand tool, a pair of heads fitted together and havin forwardly projecting jaws, a lever rigid with and projecting from one of the heads. and a second lever reduced in thickness at its front end to form a tongue to fit between. said heads and provided with a longitudinal keyhole slot, a pivot extending centrally through said heads and said slot and flattened within the latter and capable of turning in the enlarged end but not in the narrow end thereof, and adapted when occupying a certain position in the enlarged end of the slot to preventcndwise movement of the tongue and when turned to a position for engagement with the narrow portion of the slot to permit endwise movement. of said tongue, and means for securing the tongue-carrying lever in rigid relation to the head not provided with the rigid lever, when the pivot is in engagementwith the narrow end of the slot.

A tool, comprising a member consisting of a circular head, a forwardly projecting jaw and a rearwardly projecting lever, a second member consisting of a circular head fitting against the first-named head and provided at one side of its center with a forwardly pro ecting aw, and a lever extending reaiwvardly from said second head and provided with a tongue fitting flatly between the said heads, said tongue having a keyhole slot; a pivot extending pivot-ally through the said heads and said slot and of oblong form in cross section within said slot and capable of turning in the enlarged end and incapable of turning in the narrow end of said slot, and means for preventing accidental turning movement of the pivot.

-.t. A tool, comprising a member consisting of a circular head provided with a for- \vardly projecting jaw anda rearwardly project'ing lever, a second member consisting of a head to tit against the first-named head and provided with a forwardly projecting jaw, a headed bolt extending centrally through said heads to hold them'togetl er and provided y'yith a flattened po'rt1on, a second lever having a tongue fitting between said heads, provided with a keyhole slot receiving said bolt 'and rotatable onsaid holtwhen the flattened portion of the latter engages the enlarged end of the slot and rotatable with the bolt when the flattened portion of the latter en ages the narrow ortion of said slot, means or interlocking t 1e lastnamed lever with the last-named head when the flattened portion of the bolt is engaging the enlarged portion of said slot, a retaining device secured on the non-headed end of said bolt, and a spring washer interposedbetween said retaining means and the adjacent head of the tool.

5. In a tool, a pair of heads fitted together, a lever rigid with one of the heads, a second lever having one end fitting between said heads and provided at such end with a keyhole slot, a pivot extending through said heads and keyhole slot and flattened within the latter and capable of being independently turned when the flattened port ion engages the enlarged end of the slot and incapable of being turned independently when said flattened portion engages the narrow portion of said slot, and means for interlockin the last-named lever-,with the last-named head when the flattened portion of the pivot is engaging the enlarged portion of the slot.

In testimony whereof I atiix my signature, inthe presence of two witnesses.

- JOHN H. BALDWIN.

Witnesses Cnas. B. Scans, PERCY-C. FREEMAN.

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