US1056794A - Photographic-printing apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

A. S. HOWELL. PHOTOGRAPHIG PRINTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 6, 1909.

Patented Mar. 25, i913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Ow |1 r w U l am s A. S. HOWELL. PHOTOGRAPHIG PRINTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 6, 1909.

Patente@ A131125, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

- A. S. HOWELL.

PHOTOGRAPHIG PRINTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAH. e, 1909.

1,056,794. Patented Mar.25,1913.

. i 4 SHBBTS*BHEBT 3.

A. S. HOWELL. PHOTOGRAPHIG PRINTING APPARATUS APPLICATION FILED MAR. 6, 1909.

Patn Mar. 25, i913.

' .ro afname of intensi act-lon of theI in motion 4picture which form the class, thus producing a free an ed whlle both vide means for va llight beams durlng thel E time at which any change in the quantity of .light is to be UNlTED- STATES' PATENTl OFFICE.

ALBERT s. HoWnLI.,voFcHIc'AGo, ILLINOIS, AssIGNon, Br 'binnentuin' MEsNnAssrennnnms, To BELL & HOWELL Tron orrLLInoIs.

,ri-.roroenarnrcnnvmme APPARATUS.

'Specification of Letters Patent. .Patented Mali. 25, 1913.

. Awww-n @16d Marche-3,1909. sena1 No.4s1,5821.REISS may concern Be itknown that I, ALBERT S. HOWELL. citizen vof the( United States, residing fhicagn, State ofl Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Photographic- Printing Apparatus, of which-the following is a specification.

be'facilitated.

` I accomplish the above andiother im ortant results by means-of the apparatus i lustrated in th CMPANY, -OF CHIGAGDLILLINOIS, `A CORPORA e accompanying drawings, which My inventionv relates to photowraphic form a part ofthi s appllcatiomthedetails printing'apparatus and has especialj referof construction bemg disclosedfili'ltlle.`l folence to devices for duplicating films used lowing- Vlews. l

elevation of Vmy .im printing apparatus, ;Fig.- a side of Figure l is a :side proved photographic 4viewed from the right view lof the .opposite with the films removed; Fig. 3 isa front elevation; Fig. 4 is anenlarged View showing a portion ofthe mechanism tion; Fig. 5 is 'a vertical Fg.' ,et'; F the cylinder; Fig.

Thechief objects of the improvements subject matter of this application are r--to'provide a mechanism for photographically printing upon a continuous strip of prepared material; to vfurnish ay lm printing appliance that will operate negative .andpositive strips arel fedthrc'ugh the printing chamber with a the mechanism shown in uniform and uninterrupted motion, and tor longitudinal section of lproduce an vapparatus offthe character l'Z' is a view of th rear and with the .to the left passage between the` source of .illumina-` tion and the negative film, avoiding the loss ty which follows the passage of the ,light rays through media havingdiii'erent refractive indexes, and as'the full actinic llight is received lby the eX- posed surfaces, positives of maximum excellence will Vbe produced.

Other objects of my invention are'to prorying the quantity of the elevation of the shutters l and-theirgmountings, howing manner of o erating lthese devices from a single shaft;

vview in section showing the eft hand barrel purpose proper point of made, and to arrange suitable stop devices inconnection with graduations which will enable the operator to bring the quantity of light to a predetermined degree with speed and accuracy.

As a precautionary measure to exposure of the sensitizedfilm to rays when th s1t1on, I

revent the estructive econduit gate is in its open po Referring to the details of the drawings, the numeral indicates a foot piece or base, circular in shape, and having 2l in which is fixed a cylindrical rod 22 of suitable length and diameter. This rod forms a standard or support upon which the 4entire operative mechanism is borne. To

and adapted to break wer the gate is opened. Further lobjects are both negative and 1g. 6 isa 7,5 e cylmder seen from the i fragment of a negative film showing the notches 'for op- Fig. 14 is a-rear i0. 15 1s a partial Fig. 8 is a transverse section ofthe cylinder,

of the igs. 10 and llare al views showing the arrangement of and attached shutter 1n assembled relation a socket film rolls being' removably secured on the spools and the lower or receiving spools 1s 30 40, supported upon said extension 39.

45 rocking movement on the ears 43, just s Q notent-a the upper portion ot' the said standard are to which the upper shutter 48 is secured by attached a pair of film supply' spools 23, a screw 53, while the lett hand barrel 51 2d, mounted on a bracket arm 25, and tur-V has a similar projection 52 upon which the nished with the usual hinged retaining arm lower shutter 49 yis mounted in the same 5 or bar 2G for holding the rolls ot prepared way. The barrelsfgO, 5l, are rotatable Con- 70 films in position on the hubs 27. At the centrically with the cylinder and arevoperl lower part of the standard 22 is mounted a ated to a suiiicicntl extent to approximate or double armed bracket 28 carrying upon the separate said shutters to the required deopposite ends receiving spoo s 29, 30, the grec by a rock-shaft 54E mounted above and '1o the rear ot the cylinder, journaled near 75 its outer end in a boi; 55 cast integral with the casing, and having its inner end Supported in. a projection 56 which also forms a support 'for a. frame bracket hereinafter described. The outer end of each barrel is 30 tarnished with a plate or head 57 having a central opening 58, and provided with an extended sleeve 59 journaled in bushings or boi-ies 59, supported in each end of the cylinder casing. The right barrel 50 is sup- 85 plied with an operating lever or link 60 which is pivoted at one end in an arm 6l, fixed on the rock-shaft 54, and at the other engages a pin G2 tixedfin the face of the head 57. ils the barrels with their shutters 90 move in opposite directions the left hand barrel 5l is operated directly from the said rock-shaft by means of an arm 63, having a slot G4- inthe extremity to engage av pin fixed in the head 57. The rock-shaft 54 is 95 operated by means of a lever-66 attached to tie outer end and extending downwardly across the end face ot the cylinder. This lever plays in a slot 67 formed by the interval between two segmental plates 68, 69, 10( at ched tothe end of the cylinder. It is desirable to be able to readily and accurately adjust 'the shutters relatively to each other, and 'for this purpose movable stops are provided which consist of lugs 70 ex- 10 tending into the path of the operating lever 66. These lugs areattached to arms7l,

'72, pivotally mount-ed on the outer end of the roclrhatt 54 and provided with lockl ing pins 73, yieldingly held by springs 74, 11 and adapted 'to engage a series of spaced holes 7 5 inthe outer segment plate 68. To facilitate the placing of these stops at predetermined point-s T provide an indihubs by a retaining bar 3l, hinged at 32 to a horizontal arm- 33 supportedl on the standard 22.

Situated between the upper or supplyl a light passage formed by 'he inclosing walls of a cylindrical structure, hereinatter designated in its entirety as the cylinder. The cylinder is'composed ot a casing or shell 34, open at both ends and having a supporting sleeve 35 cast integral therewith and through which the standard 22 passes. Through the'tront and rear walls are substantially rectangular openings 3G, 37, thev 25 rear opening B7 registering with a daring passage 38, in a truncated cone shaped er1- tension B9, formed integral with the cas' ing or shell 34. The passage 38 communicateswith the interior of a lamp chamber Within this chamber is situated the source ofthe illumination employed in. the printing process and l install tor'that purpose an ordinary electric lamp of sutiicient power. As this lamp chamber forms no part of my invention its interior is not shown upon the drawings. 'The front opening 36 in the inder casing or shell is supplied'with a closure or gate 41 having its outer and inner faces curved concentrical-ly with the cylinder. This gate is hingedupon a support 42 the latter being supplied with ears t3 which enter Lsuitable vslots in the. outer e or the gate. The gate has only a sicient to allow the gate to find its seat when closed without binding, or in other words to cause it to yield on'its hinge so as to exert a unito-rm pressure with its inner or concave 'tace when shut. The lower end ot cater consisting' of numerals 7 6 which corl 4the support 42 is fixed on a'shatt lf-t jourrespond with the holes"7 5, and upon each naled in a bracket 45 attached to the shell arm 7l, 72, l place "an index 77, which will 34 which allows the gate and support to be point out the relative location of the lock thrown open. This gate or door 411 tits pin 73. Since the apparatus is operated in .55 light tight in the said shell and 'is secured a dark room l produce a magnification of in closed position by a pin or lug 46 which the indicator by attaching-to the arms 71, v engages a spring-held latch 47. ln addi- 72, elongated indexes or pointers 78, which tion to the gate the saidopening is turextend backl parallel with the side of the' nished with cooperating shutters 48, 49, by lamp chamber 40 and their extremities means oi. which the area of said opening sweep over an'indicator plate 79 convenmaybe varied. These' shutters are mountiently 'supported on said chamber, suitably ed on cylindrical barrels 50, 5l, which lie curved and supplied with graduations 80 within the cylinder shell upon opposite sides and corresponding numerals 81. of the printing chamber. The barrel 5G. Upon opposite sides ot' thc'illuminatin situated upon the right, has a projection 52, passage and forming the side walls thereo .35 in the casing, and barrels. Upon one end of intensa are located sprocket wheels 82, mounted upon individual and separate shafts 83, which occupy the axis of the cylinder and extend to the cylinder ends. 'These shafts are journaled in bushings 84 which tit tightly rin the sleeves 59, the shafts being retained in the bushings by collars 85. The bodies 86 of the .sprockets 82 are approximately of the same diameter as the inner surface of the barrels 50, 51; their teeth, however, extend further radially and occupy annular grooves or rabbets 87 formed in the interior surfaces of the said barrels. The overhanging por tions of these rabbets are cut'away in front las the teeth of the sprocket wheels extend across this space in the Ina-nner described they will engage thea-perture-s in said lms when the latter areyineontact between the gate and shutters. 'y l y Upon the sprocket shafts 83 aremounted gears 88 located adjacent the sprockets and these gears are actuated by pinions 89, carried by a shaft 90 arranged parallel with the sprocket shafts in the rear of the cylinder and journaled inrboxes 91 formed in-` tegral with the cylinder casing, the said pinions projectingthrough suitable slots 92a,

theshaft is keyed a gearv wheel 93, which receives motion from a similar gear r 94,

` mounted one" driving shaft 95, journaled in yshaft is mounted a v Y 1197,provided withifa suitable belt 98 whichy connects with fthe'. motorl supplying the 4 5 a bracket 96, supported on the main standn ard 22. Upon the outer end of said driving grooved driving lpullev power. Upon the saidl driving shaft 1s mounted a grooved. pulley; 99 which by. means` of a belt 101 drives similar pulleys mounted upon the ishaft's102 of the negative and positive film receiving spoolsu 29, 30 respectively, an idler 103 serving to give the proper direction to said belt to prol duce the required frictional cont-act with the .l pulleys. .For the purpose ofturning the j train of 'pulleys thus describedindepend IL B6 ently of the main source of power and of each other, 'suitable crank handles 104 are sis p supplied.

i In order to'secure an accurate and efricient transmission of the superposed films or strips through the ilm passage4 between the said gate 41'and the shutters -48, 49, l provide guiding drums vor spools 105, 'carried upon spindles 106, fixed in a .frame .piece 10'?, secured to the projection 56. T o the face of said frame piece 107 and in alinement with v108. After vleaving the guide channels the -ilms are brought into contact and pass in engage 5both films."

the said lm passage, is securedan inclined guidel member 108, having its upper and lower faces 109, 110, (Fig. 10) slightly inclined to each other and arranged so as to be approximatelytangent to theouter curva ture of the shutters 48., 49. Arranged parallel with these faces 109, 110, are tension plates 111, (F ig. 4) supported by guide plates 112 113, pivoted on thespindles 106, and locked in operative position by spring-I 75V held latches 114, which engage lpins 11,5 on the edge of the guide 'member-108.A The tension plates 111 exert pressure upon the films which travel between them "and-the, corrosp'onding faces 109 110, zofl the V- inclined guide member 108, and this pressure is regulated in each instance by `a thumb screw l116 mounted on a boss 117 formed integral withthe guide plates 112, 113, and made yielding by a spiral spring 118 interposed between 85 the point of said screwI 116 and the tension plate 111. Each by a fiange 119 formed on its upper margin and engaging the flangededge 120 ofl the corresponding guide plate, and further se-4 f90 'cured by retaining lugs or screws 121 fixed in said plate 111 and apertures 122 in the mitting a desirable amount of side andend play'of the tensioning plates, the heads 123 of said lugs or screws preventing the plates from becoming displaced lwhen the guide passing loosely through f plates 112 113, are turned upon their pivots if 106. Referring to Fig. 5 itlwill be seen that the negative film 124 is led between the under tensioning plate 111 andthe face 110, while the positive. film 125 passes between the upper tensioning plate and the face 109, -A thus being'separated by the guide member 1 this relation betweenthe gate 41, and the i shutters 48, 49, their apertures registering so that the teeth of the sprockets .S2-will..

It willbe noted that the positivestrip or iilm125 occupies. the outer position andthe .I

negative'- the inner.; This relation of the films is necessary, sinceybemg made of cellu-y 'Y loid,`th'ere`will bean appreciabledilierence ,1.15 v

between the lengths 'of `the respective "films, or, in other words, the distance between the .f apertures( This follows becausethe positive y lm has'yet toundergoa chemical'prccessr?v I "l which "willcause a certain amount of shrink-'V120 .agenand allowance is made for this in order that the ytreated film maybe" of proper .di-,A mensions. The radius of curvatureof the 7 external surface of -the shutters, withwhich the negative lm is in contact-and over 125 which it glides, and that ofthe inner surface of the gate 41 which is in contact withthe i. i positive film., are determinate quantities, the

factors enterin intoctheir restriction bein not only the dlderence between the lengths 13o i plate 111 is' held in position spread upon 'the surface.

of the respective positive and negative films but also the actual thickness of the material of which the films are composed, to which `mustbe added, .in the case of the positive cylinder casing 34, above and below the points of entrance and' exit of the films.

The upper surfaces of these plates are arranged tangentially to the outer curvature of the shutters 48', 49, and properly deflect and guide the negative film, previous to its' entrance and after it leaves the printing chamber or passage. In order' to guide the positive film in the proper direction the end portions of theinner surface of the gate 41 are formed tangent to the remainingportion -of the'surface, as indicated at 128.

Arranged belowfthe point of Aexit of the films from the printing chamber is a sprocket drum 129, mounted on the-said shaft 95, and coperating with the sprockets 82 in operating the films. leave the curved passage or conduit between the shutters 48 and 49 and gate 41 to assume a different curvature, or a right line, their apertures will n o longer register and it will be im racticable to operate them by asingle sproc et. In order to 'overcome this 1nability to register properly under the conditions stated, the films are separated as they leave the said curved passage and while the positive film is led straight to the coperating sprocket 129, the negative is carried backward, forming a redundant loop 130, shown in Fig. 5, and then brought forward to engage the said drum 129, where it is again in apposition 'with the positive film, in the same relation as when passing through the printing chamber, compensation being thus madeby the loop 130 for the difference length of the films and permitting the proper registration of the film apertures. A retaining spool 131 mounted on an arm 132 prevents dislodgm'ent of the films from -the drum 129and said arm is pivoted on a shaft 133 so that the spool 131 may be thrown back and out of contact Iwith said films. Upon the end of the shaft 133 is mounted a guide spool or idler 144, to give the required direction to the films, which then go directly vto their respective receiving spools 29, 30.

Tothe rear of the sprocket 129 is mounted a roller 145 whose function is to prevent entanglement of either of the films with the teeth of said sprocket in case one ofthe films becomes broken or is parted'from accident. j

It is well understood that moving picture negatives require variations in the exposure during the printing process, since the same As soon as the films' filmmay depict both interior and exterior views which require different degrees of lighting. In the usual form of machine intimation is given the operator of the required changes by means of tags or labels affixed to the films at some p oint where they may be easily observed, but in the case of the apparatus under consideration, the eX- treme rapidity with which the films travel renders it impossible for the operator to take proper cognizance of such indicating means.' Some other provision mustbe made, therefore, to signalize the changes required, and

permit of the proper adjustment of the shutters which control the light aperture. "Io accomplish this in an efficient manner I have introduced an electro-magnetic signal appa'- ratus, which is automatically operated by means of the negative film 124. This apparatus consists of a cont-act roller 146 (Figs. 10 and 11) mounted upon the longer arm of 4a bell-crank lever 147, and arranged to bearconstantly against one margin of the negative film 124. The said lever 147 lies in a groove 148 in the guide member 108 and is pivoted at 149, its shorter arm 150 projectgh a hole in the frame piece 107 I ing throu and entering a recess 151 in an insulating block 152, attached to the side of the frame piece 107. The said arm 150 engages aspring contact arm '153, which is attached to a binding post 154, its oppositeend being free and normally lying incontact'with a terminal 155. A screw 156 serves to regulate the tension ofthe spring 'contact 153. .The roller 146 is engaged by the margin of the negative-film 124 in such a manner as'to retract the lever 147 and thus hold the. spring 153 out of contact with the terminal 155, keepl 105 with the required v ing the current broken. At predetermined points corresponding changes in theillumination the marginof saidnegative film is furnished with notches 124, `which are of sufficient size te permit 'the roller to drop therein and permit the spring 153 to come' incontact with the terminal 1555, thus closing the circuit. From `the terminals164, 155, wires 157, 158, connect with an electro-magnetic sounder 159, including in the circuit a snap switch 160 and a battery 161.

Mounted upon suitable brackets 162 sup-l ported on the main standard 22 is a terminal box 163,- through which the main circuit wires arerljed. Referring to Fig. 2 and also to. the 'diagram Fig. 18, the numerals 164,

165, indicate the main supply circuit, in

which is included the motor 166, the light circuit being designated by 167. There are two switches which control the main circuit, the said snap switch 160 conveniently mounted upon the top of the standard 22 (Fig. and an automatic switch 168 operated by a lever 169 attached at one end to an arm 169 fixed on the shaft 44 and at l@ cai'rying the teeth, and this rim is received As a precaution against .overheating oi"` 20 circulation of cool air and -prevent any un` 25 tensityl of the illumination to which thei .so ner by introducing` a rlieostat 16W-in the f; se machine l will now lgive a general outlines,l

jee guide channels,- tlie guideplates 112, 113,?

i to sition and, thus in contact, are made to eii-j .15@ drum-'129,'the retaining spool 131 being tion of the operative apertures in the lms. l

notarse f5 amount ot light. Thus, if the first portion of the tilm should require the shutters to be opened to approximately one half their eX- tent and the remaining portion requires only half of the full'amount ofexposure, the arm 70 71 would be set so that the pointer or index corresponded With 5 on the scale, and the lever 67 carried to contactwith thestop lug the other to the switch 168; thus the gate 11 cannot be opened Without breaking the main circuit and thus. simultaneously stopping the motor and extinguisl'iing` the light. The margins oit theshutters 48, 49, are rabbeted to form fianges 170 andv the inner faces of the sprocket Wheels 82 are chainbered or recessed by counterhoring as shown at 171, Fig. 15, forming an overhaiigiiig rim in the rabbet of the adjacent shutter ig. 15)k forming a light-tightjointwhich prepin 73. The apparatus being thus made'V s ready, the operator starts the motor by chamber when the parts are assembled. turning the switch 160 and simultaneously the films from the close proximity of the; lampchamber 40'the latter is provided with Ventilating openings 172 and oppositely ari ranged Ventilating lues 173, Whichpermit a Lh due rise in the temperature in said chamber. f iile I have shown and described ine-f chanical means for varying the lightaper-I ture for the purpose of controlling the int lin is fed its margin, engaged the f roller 116, ivill hold the lever 1&7 viii lts reintact: As soonlas. one ofthe notches 1124er" liiis are exposed at the printing point, the;

' same result may be obtained by varying the,

intensity of the source of light itself. This,l terminal 155 and thus complete the battery 5 circuit, and sound the alarm, this 'being a the spring 153, will fall therein and permit the vsaid spring to make contact .Withfthe lamp \c1rcuit 167, such a device being illus-i the exposure, and atl' the second signal,`

p trated diagrammatically in Fig.. 18. '.caused by the second notch, .the operatornf Having thus described in detail the con-2 swings the lever 67 against' the-stop'upon -struction of myimproved film duplicatingf the arm 72. Shoud any more changes be of the method ot its operation. I, The negative and positive films are placed upon their respective spools in the usual, mannenand their ends carried throughthe.

71 is then set to the required point-For instance, itthe remaining portion :oft-he lm requires a full exposure, the arm-71 is swung to the limit the segment,.and uponl being thrown away from the guide member 108 by loosening the catches 114, to permit! l the insertion of the films. The gate 41 is :then opened arid the films brought into appol operator moves the. lever against the -stop f- 70.,on thesaid arm 7l. lt will be noted thatthe vreceivingspools are-operated by the belt 101 and since the gage the sprockets 82, and secured thereon by fportion to .the diameter df the film-rol1sI closure of the said gate, which is locked in po-i l sitioii by the catch or latch 47, The next step is' 'to carry the lms over the auxiliary sprocket n turned'back out'of the Way, care being taken to Irender the' negative lilm'sui'iiciently lax by the formation of al-oop, in the manner described, to permit the necessary' registral` such 'for instance, as a coiledste'el vviref-n order to aiord the necessary lost motion. Y f

claim is-f i v 1. In a photographic printing apparatus, including a light conducting passage, means torcausing tilins to travel t rough said passage in superposedl relation, f and means The films are then secured .by returning the retaining spool to its engaging position. During this process of threading the lms, the latter are propelled as needed by turning the groo'ved pulleyslbymeans of the crank han les 104. This assembling 'of the films orfautomatically indicating the vpoints onf said films 1Where the 'quantity of light is to be Vincreased or diminished.

next step is to `set `the stop arms 71, 72, at In a photographic printing apparatus,

@55 predetermined points to regulate the needed. including aconduit 'for the passage-.of ilmsvlsn negative film is reached. As the .negative l tracted position' so longas said margin'is reaches tlieisaid roller the latter, x polled signal for the operator to beready tochangam` i y required for that particular lm, the arm v,100Vv receiving the properl signals, as before, the .105 I movement of these spools must vary in pro- ,1105;

belt may be formed of some elastic-material, i'

Having thus described my invention what i i i A adapted to be operated by one'of said'films .125

one side removabl formed oi shutters, means for adjusting said l shutters to vary the area o'the opening efadmitted to films, shutters adapted fected thereby', and means tor transmitting light to said shutters in varying quantities.

3. In a photographic printing apparatus, a curved conduit for the passage of films, film feeding means, a hinged closure for one side ot said conduit, shutters manually ad justableconcentrically With the axis of curvature of said vconduit to vary the area of the opening effected thereby, `and means for automatically indicating the adjustment of said shutters to control the light admitted to said conduit.

4. In a photographic printing apparatus, including a curved conduit for the passage of films in superposedrelation, and means for' Jfeeding said films through'said conduit, said conduit having one side hinged and the opposite side composed of adjustable shutters, meansV or adjusting the shutters to vary the area of the opening effected thereby, and means for indicating the relative positions of said shutters to control the light said conduit.

5. In a photographic print-ing apparatus, including a curved conduit for the passage of'said films and film feeding means, said 'conduit having its outer Wall removable and its inner wall composed of shutters, means for adjustingl said shutters to vary the area ot the opening effected thereby, and means for indicating the relative position oit' the shutters to control the light admitted'to said conduit. v

6. In a photographic printing apparatus,

the combination of a conduit having a hing'ed gate forming one Walll thereof, a air of shutters forming the opposite wall o the conduit, means for relatively adjustin-'Jw Cleid shutters to'vary the area of the openi fected thereby, means for indicating the tive posit-ion of the shutters, and means i indicating when predetermined portions the films have. been reached. y Y

Yi 7 a photographic printing apparatus, the combination of passage of aggfpositive and a negative lm While in contact, means for feeding said to admit light to the conduit, means "r adjusting said shutters to vary thev area of the' opening eifected thereby, and means adapted to be operated by one of said films for indicating when predetermined portionsof the films have been reached.

, ting opening,

'of apositive and a.

`"'8. lIn a photographie printing apparatus, the `combination of a conduit for the passage negative film vvhilel in contact, said conduit having alight admitj means for feeding said films, said means comprising sprocket Wheels engaging said lms,

feeding mechanism,

a curved conduit for the Vhave passed through said nlm guide means arranged integree above said conduit, iilm tensioning means and an alarm device Jfor the purpose set forth.

9. In a photographic printing apparatus, the combination of a conduit tor the passage of a negat-ive and a positive film While in contact, said conduit having a light opening, shutters controlling said opening, sprocket Wheels engaging said films Within said conduit, film guide means adj aceiit Said conduit, film tensioning means arranged in said guide means and an auxiliary sprocket below the conduit adapted to engage said films.l

10. In a photographic printing apparatus,

to be operated by one of said films tor indi- ,cating when predetermined portions of the films have been reached.

Il. Ina photographic printing apparatus, including a source of illumination, the combination of film feeding means, a conduit for the passage'of said film having a light aperture therein, a shutter controlling said aperture, means for indicating the position of the shutter, and electrically oper-` ated means coperating witlrone of the films for automatically indicating when prede- .j.

reune l2. In a photographicl printing apparatus, including a source of illumination, film a conduit' for the assage of a negative and a positive film w ile for indicating when predetermined portions of the films have passed through saidfconduit, a gate forming one Wall of thefcon-` duit, and mea-iis operated by said 'gate for controlling the source illumination.

13. In a 'photographic printing apparatus, having a `source of illumination, film feeding mechanism and a"curved conduit for the passage of 4saidl films, having alight aperture therein, the combination of shutters controlling said aperture, meansfor indicating the operating positionsv of said shutters, film-guiding means, ing means in said guide means, and means operated by one of said films for indicating when lpredetermined portions of the films conduit, .14. ln ay photographic tus, including a motor, an electric circuit e dined port-ions of the films have been in contact, said conduit having a `light apj erture therein, sioningmeansin said Hlm-tensionprinting apparaincluding said motor, a battery and a source of illumination, the combination of a conduit for the passage of a positive and a negative film While in contact, and having a light aperture therein, shutters controlling said aperture, and a circuit breaker adapted to be controlled by the negative film.

l5. In a photographic printing apparatus, having a source of illumination, a motor, a source of electric energy, and an electric circuit including said motor and source of illumination, the combination of a conduit for the passage of positive and negative films, and having a light aperture therein, a gate forming one Wall of the conduit, shutters controlling the said aperture, means for one of said films indicating the relative posit-ion of the shutters, and means operated by said gate and for breaking the electric circuit.

16n In a photographic printing apparatus, including a source of illumination, a

' operated by one of the motor, an electric circuit including a battery, and a switch, the combination of film feeding means, a film conduit, a gate for the conduit, a circuitbreaker adapted to be films, and means controlled by said gate for operating said switch.

17l In a photographic printing apparatus, the combination of a pair of film operating sprocket Wheels, shafts for said wheels placed in alinement, a cylindrical illuminating chamber arrangedvbetween said sprockets, vand film guides arranged tangentially to the peripheriesof said sprocketsu 18. Inl a photographic printing apparatus, having film operating means adapted to move a notched negative film, the combination of an indicating device, and means controlled by the notches in the negative film for operating said device.

19. In a `photographic printing apparatus, the combination with lm operating means, oft a conduit for the passage of the films, said conduit having its central portion curved, and its ends extending tangentially to said curved portion.

20. In a photographic printingapparatus,

including a source of illumination, the combination of' a. dark conduit for the passage of the films, mission of light .to said conduit, a gate forming one side of the conduit, and means op ated by said gate, for controlling the light supply.

21. In a photographic printing apparatus, including' a motor, nation, the combination of a dark conduit 'for the passage of the films While in contact, means .for feeding the films, means for controlling the duit, a 'gate forming one side of the conduit, and means operated by said gate for controlling the motor and the light supply.-

In testimony WhereofI aiiix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

ALBERT s; HoWELr',i

liditnesses:

, F. BENJAMIN, H. DE Los HIGMAN,

means for controlling'the adand a source of' illumi admission of light to said con-

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