US1056097A

US1056097A - Turning-tool.

Info

Publication number: US1056097A
Application number: US65204611A
Authority: US
Inventors: James Hartness
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1911-09-30
Filing date: 1911-09-30
Publication date: 1913-03-18
Anticipated expiration: 1930-03-18

Description

J. HARTNBSS.

TURNING TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. so, 1911.

Patented Mar. 18, 1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH C0.. wAsH1NuTo.-.u.c,

J. HARTNESS.

TURNING TOOL` APPLIGATIION FILED SEPT. 30, 1911, 1,056,097. Patented Mar.18,1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEBT 2.

was es;

@QM/JMJ,

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH co,.w.\SH1Nm'oN, n c

J. HARTNESS.

TURNING TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. so, 1911.

Patented Mar. 18, 1913.

SSHBETS-SHEET 3. k

//Z 27611, for' W CoLuMBlA PLANDGRAPM Co., WASHINGTON. D. c.

JAMES HARTNESS, OF SPRINGFIELD, VERMONT.

TURNING-TOOL.

Speeieation of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 30, 1911.

Patented Mar. 18,1913.

Serial No. 652,046.

To all fic/wm ir may concern Be it known that l, .lanas HAR'rNEss, a citizen ot the United States, and resident ot' Springlield, in the county ot lVindsor and Ill-tate ot Termont, have invented certain new and usetul improvements in riurning- Tools. or" which the following is a specification.

'lhis invention has relation to turning tools which may be placed upon the tool slide ot an engine or turret lathe for reducing the diameter ot the work.

'(.ne ot the objects of the invention is to so construct a tool that the cutter will be held ir. its cutting' relation to the work with the greatest rigidity and without danger of the cutter springing backward from the work.

[another object ot the invention is to provide for the withdrawal of the cutter or the rests or both from the work when the cut is completed. so that the tool may recede with the tool slide with the operative parts disengaged trom the work.

Still another object ot the invention is to secure a quick resetting ot the tool to p0- tential working position, and to this end to provide a series ot selective stops by means ot which the tool and the rests may be setl at predetermined posit-ions without loss ot time on the part ot' the operator.

A. fourth object ot the invention is to so construct the tool that after one cutter has become worn it may beA replaced by another and the latter located with facility and wi vh precision with respect to the work and the rests.

Referring to the drawings: Figure l represents an end elevation ot' a tool embodying the invention. Fig. 2 (Sheet 2) represents a plan view of the same. Fig. 3 represents an elevation of the other end of the tool. Fig. i represents a horizontal section through the tool and shows the critter' carrier in plan view. Fig. 5 (Sheet l) represents a vertical longitudinal section through the tool and illustrates the cutter and rest carriers in side elevation. Fig. (i (Sheet 3) represents a similar section just in the rearl ot' the cutter carrier. Fig. 7 represents an end elevation of the cutter carrier and illustrates a portion ot the body and the eccentric bushing in section. Fig. S represents a section on line S-S ot Fig. 6. Fig. 9 represents a partial section through the tool for the purpose of illustrating the end of one ot the rest carriers and the adjacent end ot the critter' carrier. Fig. l0 (Sheet l) represents a section on the line lO-lO of Fig. 5. Fig. ll represents a section with the stop pin withdrawn and stop ring moved away from the pin. Fig. l2 represents a section on the line l2-l2 of Fig. 5. Figs. 13 and let represent respectively a spacer and one of the stop rings. Fig. l5 represents the slotted portion of the body in which the levers or links are mounted. Fig. 16 represents the sleeve or member which etfects the adjustment of the critter carrier.

rlhe same reference characters indicate the sameor similar parts wherever they occur.

The tool as l have illustrated it consists of a body upon which are pivotally mounted three carriers, one for the cutter, one for the back rest or diameter-determining rest, and one for the top rest which engages the work between the cutter and the back rest so as to preventits moving laterally under the stress orn the cut. rFliese carriers are all moved simultaneonsly and to the saine eX- tent into and out ot engagemnt with the work. although the cutter carrier and the two restv carriers may be adjusted independently of each other when occasion demands. The positions of the cutter and the rests are determined by a selective stop mechanisni, so that the instrumentalities referred to may be set in any one of a series et predetermined positions by moving one or the other of a series of stops into active position, the selective stop mechanism being so constructed and arranged that the movement ot' any one of the stops into active position causes the movement of the remainder of the stops to inactive position.

Proceeding to a more detailed description ot' the particular embodiment of the invention 'which l have illustrated: the tool comprises a body 2O which is laterally extended at its base so that it may be firmly bolted or otherwise secured to the tool slide of a lathe. The work carrier 21 consists of a block having in one side a groove or recess 22 for the reception of a cutter 23. The carrier is formed with a pivot stud 24 which is journaled in an eccentric bushing 25 located in a cylindrical aperture in the body 20. A collar 2G is keyed on the stud 24, and bearing against the collar is a nut 9.7 screwed on the threaded end 28 of said stud, so that by tightening the nut one face of the carrier may be drawn with suliicient pressure against the adjacent fiat face of the body.

The inisiiiuey ina)Y be rotati\'ei v adjusted and is eiaiiiped iu poSition iin' a screw pin Qi) (dotted linee in Fie. 5) inning its end abutting' against a wedge iiioei; 2U bearing againstthe bushing. The inieiiiinf, v iS Set with `its: niajor aXiS leuiistaiitiaiiy Yeitieai, So that by Siigiitiy rotating` it in one direction or the other the cutter carrier may he adjusted iiodiijY Suhsiantiaiiy ionggitudinaiiy or endwise oiE the euttei. The cutter earriei' its extended iieyond the eutting end oi the cutter and is torni 1d witi a Sectorahaped 'ai-iii IE() havingl worin teeth eut therein. i shaii euiiseetpieutiy deserihe how Vhe eut-ter is secured to the cutter hioek and io fated with precision with reterenee to the work and to the rents. -i (Figa. 5 and (i) indie: tie-5 another earier upon whieh there. inounted a haci; er diauieter-determining reet @the lari-ier i5 pii'oted to the hody iiy a headed pivot .stud 33 passed into an aperture in the body and having` an eccentrie portion near its head on whieii the earrier iteeit is pi'voted. fi eerew pin fifi passed iiii'o the end ot the hody engages the pivot sind to hf id it in auf.' poeition to which it niay he adjusted. iii' the enipioynieiit of the eeeeutrie pivot stud ani enahied to adjust the reet arrier ieu; .wi.-e. 'i'he two studs ii ano appr two carrieres direction y Y the Carrier f", i tor-r aped. at B5. and ie provid-ed with ifiie seeoiwiiziped ende; of the oyeriap. as iiiwii in Figi'. 5. eeiissiote: ot a roiier jouriiaied and heid 'n uiaee if' a threaded Sei-ew 37.

oit the stud .-ii on wiiieii the iied is eeeenirie with respect to die sind, so that when the wtud in it` soeiiet in the "B are ffiiiietantiali) paraiiei and are ther. so that tiie :"tiaiiy the saine its tree end as indicated worin teeth. two carriers The r it upon a stud 3G a rrier the lt this rotative adjuetnient of ide aerew piu@ *Q m (dotein; 5 and ifig'. t3) passed into tetti iine in the under sine oi' the earrier 3l and eiignigA inn` Siiouideixi toruied on the stud. i

rihe Carrier :tor the Ytop rest is indicated at di). and it eonsists et an arui journaied ou a headed pivot eind 4i-l which is passed through the body ot' the farrier and heid in `iliiaee by a nut ft2, as Shown in iige. G and S. The pivot Stud il is `io fated near the top oit the body and the carrier is pendent there- Vtroni So aS to iie at` an angie to the Carrier 3i. ii ar its iower end it is provided with a pivot Stud i3 on the projecting' end ot whieh the top rest is journaied, the hitter being heid in piace hy a headed Screw 45. The arriu ii0 is formed with a Curved eain portion 4to which is engaeed with a ,finger i? projecting iateraiiy `troni the Seet )i'Siiape ii end oit the earrier 'iiie curvature of .f. remue the Cain is such that when the carrier 3l ia nioved upward the iiiiejer -iT wiii ride along its eain and swingr the carrier i0 to the right toward the work to pieeiseij7 the saine extent that the Currier 3l is niored. riiuay when the imei; reet Carrier adjusted hy nieeiianisin which i wiii suhsequeiitiy ete piain7 the top rest is adjusted Siinuitaneoueiy with it. For the purpose et preeerving the engagementy of the Cani atti with the tingjer ai?, a Spring` i8 (dotted iines in Figi'. t3) ioeated in a soeiet iii the iiody Q0 bea against a pin 4t2) ioeated in said Socket and projecting` into an apertiiire in the iiody. and Said pin 4) in turn hears against a pin 5i projecting` iate aiiy troni 'the carrier -eiO into the said aperture 50. iiie other end of the Spring` bears against a pin 414) abutting against a iaterai pin 49"? projecting frein the Cutter Carrier. rihe huh or pivoted end of the, Carrier 4:0 has an index or peint which nieves aiong a graduated Seaie piate 5? aiiixed to the 'top of the body so that the operator iiiay roughiy deteru'iiiie the ioeatioii of the two reet?. and the cutter when the iatter is moved with iiieni.

For the purpose oit siniuitaneoiniiy or iudependentiy nioiingthe cutter Carrier and the rest carriers7 i enipioy two woruie which are indu-ated respeetiveiy at` .Hr-i. The worin 5i i'ornied ou or Secured to the end oit a Sii-att 5G which is ineiined oiiiiqueiy downward troni the top oit the iiody, as Shown `in Figs. l and o taken iii conjunction. rihe worin 5i engages the worin. teeth on the haeierest earrier 3i, that by rotatingY the Shafty the earrier wiii he moved about its; pivot. The, worin 555 iS iioinied on a, Sleeve .5T io'fa'ed upon the Shatt, the end oit the worni aiiuttinl afgaiiiet a siiouider in the body iiy which itY is heid against downward nioi'enient. rif he worin engages the worin teeth ou the Sector-shaped end SiO ot thev cutter carrier 2l. '.iihe shaft 56 projects aiioi'e the top ot' the body '20 and is provided with a. reduced threaded end 5S on which a tapered eeiiar 5S) Sei'ewed ao as to engage the end of the Sieei'e 5i' and ioree the worin toward the worin 5i untii the eontroutiug faces ot iioth worine abut againSt theY shouidera GO. (Si. in the body. i-i niiiied dish whose hub hee a tapered bore is Yiioiced on the eoiiar 59 by a thiunii uut (i3 threaded ou the end Ta@ oi the sahaiit 5t. By rotating iiie iniiied diei( the Sieei'e may be rotated iiidependeiitiy oit the shaitt 5t; to eiteet the indepei'ident adjustment ot the rest Carriers. Screwed upon the threaded reduced end of the sieeife 5T iS a diei; Gi paraiiei with that at (S2, and hy rotating said disk (3f-ii the cutter carrier niay iie adjusted indepeiidentiy ot the reet Carriers, in which ease i can adjust the eet Screw 95 to engage the worin :5h-ait, Sti and iioid ii and the 'est carrier` againet nioveuieni. i"o

Cri

provide, however, for adjusting all the carriers simultaneously the disk 6st, which is of greater diameter than the disk GQ, is provided with a socket member in which is movably mounted a pin 6G having a cross locking pin GT one end ot which is adapted to engage a notch 68 in the periphery ot the disk (52. spring G9 located in the socket member abuts against the shoulder therein and against the shoulder on the pin G6 so as to hold the pin 66 normally upward with the locking pin GT engaged with the disk 62. rl`he socket member G5 and the pin 66 which has a head 'T0 constitute a handle by which the disks may be simultaneously rotated in one direction or the other. lt will be observed that the two worms 55 and 5l and the complemental worin teeth on the two carriers -lO and 3l are oppositely threaded so that when the handle just described is moved in one direction or the other the carriers e() and 3l will be caused to approach toward or recede from each other. Un the periphery ot the disk (it is micrometer scale, and on the body is a pointer or index fol which coierates therewith. By depressing the pin Go the handle may be rotated to adjust only t-he rest carriers, and while the pin is thus depressed the disk GQ may be rotated independently ot the disk Get to ettect an independent adjustment ot' the cutter carrier. After the cut-ter and rest carriers have been adjusted independentlyv of each other to bring the cutter and the rests into a predetermi ed relation so as to properly engage work of a certain dialneter, by loosening the wing nut o5 the disk (Si may be adjusted with reference to the shatt 5G so as to bring its notch (38 in registration with the locking pin (ST, after which the thumb nut will be again tightened to secure the disk (32 in place. This adjustment may be desired at times when different cutters are. used.

Ars previously indicated, l employ a selective stop mechanism tor quickly locating` the cutter and work rests in any one of a series ot' predetermined positions. This mechanism comprises a series of stop rings Tl, T2, T3 and Tl which are loosely journaled upon the sleeve 5T and separated by spacer rings T5. The spacer rings are provided with internal notches or keyways T6 to be engaged by pins TTn projecting` from the sleeve. The

sleeve is termed with a shoulder 78a (see Fig. 1G) and the stop rings and spacers are clamped against said shoulder by set screws T9 passed through the disk 6l. Each ot the stop rings Tl, T-Ll, is provided with a projecting stop a. extending troni its periphery, one edge ot the stop being beveled as shown by Figs. 19 and l-l. By loosening the setscrews T9 each ot the stop rings may be adj usted rotatively to bring its stop a into any desired position with reference to the others and to the sleeve. For coaction with the stop rings I employ a series ot manually movable stop pins TT, T 8, T9, S0, which are located in sockets formed in the body and arranged radially and in the plane of the stop rings T l, TQ, T8 and 'T4 respectively. These stop pins have reduced ends projecting through a cover plate Sl atlixed to the body so that they are accessible to the operator, in consequence of which he may depress any one of the them to move it into the path of movement ot' the stop o-n the adjacent stop ring. l provide devices by which the setting of any one of the pins to active position withdraws the remainder of the pins to inactive position, and this mechanism consists ot a series ot' levers or links, as shown in Fig. 5. Two levers S2, 83, which are appro-ximtely bow-shaped extend into the slots in the stop pins TT, T8, and T9, 80, respectively. Bearing against these two levers midway between their ends is a similar lever Si mounted in a pivot stud S5. rFliese levers are located in a narrow slot SG formed in the body, as shown in Fig. and Figs. l0, 1l and 12. ln general appearance these levers resemble the equalizing doubletrees and whittletrees ot' a wagon, but they are so located with respect to each other that the movementl ot any one ot the pins, say tor instance S0, to active position swings the various levers about their tulcra so as to torce the other stop pins to inactive position, as will be readily understood by an examination ot rEhe provision et this selective stop mechanism makes it possible tor the operator to instantly set any one ot the stop pins in active position so as accurately to locate the cutter and the rests in the desired positions. rEhe slots in the stop pins are sutliciently long to enable the operator to manually withdraw the active stop pin to inactive position and thereby permit him to impart several rotations to the carrier-moving members to bring the cutter and rests into approximate position with respect to the work. l have stated that the stops on the rings are beveled on one side, and this is done to permit the operator to turn the carrier-moving meinbers reverscly to separate the rests and the cutter from the work without withdrawing the active pin. ln practice, when the cutter has completed its cut on the work the operator will impart to the two disks a partial reverse rotation to separate the cutter and rests sin'mltaneously from the work and permit the tool to be ted back trom the work without scratching it; or. it desired. the operator may oy depressing the pin 66 rotate only the disk (34C reversely to withdraw the cutter trom the work while leaving the rests in engagement therewith.

referring now to the cutter: it is my purpose to provide the tool with a plurality ot straight bar cutters rectangular in cross .section and to niark on ach cutter figures indifating its height or thickness troni its bottoni tace to its top tac rl`he thickness `oil the cutter is considerably less than the groove or socket in which it is lorated, and instead ot resting upon the bottoni wall ot' the groove l provide tor the cutter being' secured between screws which project into said groove through the top and bottoni walls lhereoit. lach cutter bar has at its extrein'tv a cuttingl edge, which is at an angle te its top and bottoni trices, and constitltes what is connnonly known as an end cutter.

Qttet'erring to Fig. 5, Q0 indicates what nzav .'lor convenience call an abutment :"crew. lt passed dmvnvmrdljT tlnfough the top wall oit the groove in the arrier l, and its head is provided on its periphery with a graduated scale. @the inner end of Vthe screw is Ytlat` and it is adapted to be engaged by the top ot the cutter 2B approxiinatelj7 at the cuttingl end thereoiz in position to tale the thrust ot the work against the cutter. V the position ot' this screw tileterinines the position ot the cutting edge with reference to the wo "k, and it is intended to be adjusted in or out in accordance with the thickness or height oit the cutter s being' indicated by the nuniera' on the cutter. ttl indicates wi icruin screw which is pa lower wall ot the groove in tl C ,5o as to engage the under site Liar at a point tarther than the screw ,Y ie abutment screw 1 deterinined, the screw 91 is Ld- ,v until it engages the cutter t'ic top surtace oit the cutter the bottoni ot the screw tit). h that at atl but farther than the screw 90 and the VVed downward through tl e l or the groove and, engaging ot the cutter l the toi o; r, clainps the cutter attainsA the abutment screw 5)() and the ital cruui "-w lll by Slightly tiltingl it aboutI the l Y '.llwo :ulcitional srews 93, Qt, which terni clamping` or binding` screws, are passed through the bottoni and top walls ot the grot and are arranged substantiallvv in alinen ent .vith each other so as to tirinlj7 clanpp the cutter bar between thein. lhese last two screws are depended on tor holding the cutter ,irinlv against lengthwise noveioent, whereas the lirst three screws which vere described are depended upon for the actairate location ot the utting' edge. The tive screws are set or actuated in the order described, and it will be noticed that the cutter arrier bears upon it adjacent the several screws the nuinbers l, 2, P), i and 5, to indicate to the ope ator the order in which they should be adjusted.

ros/ener By the devices thus described, l provide a quick resetting tool. rlhat is, when a cutter which h: s beconie dull has been reinoved troni the holder or carrier and is replaced bufv another, the cha `acter thereon indicating' its thickness enables the ope ator with e; and despatch to adjust the screw il() so as to exactlyv position the cutting nose oit the cutter, and place it where the nose ot the previous cutter was lo ated lt will be apparent to any one skilled in the art to which this invention relates, that the tool which have described possesses nuinerous advantages, to all of which it is unnecessary to roter. l may, however. point out that the construction is such that the parts cannot spring' but are held rig'idljT in the positions to which they are adjusted. rthe body ot the tool is a single casting' with an aperture tor the passai`44 oil the work, into which aperture the two rests and the cutter project. llhe two inain czrriers, that is, the cutter carrie and the back-rest carrier, have their recrpcctive ojrierative nieinhers lo- 'ated to cneefre the work subs-ztantiallv inid wav between the ends ot said carriers, one

end oit each carr' r being` t V@ruined and the otlY -r eid bein inoved, so that each constixites a lever or tlc seccaid class, in wiih lle vtulcruin is at one end, the load in the middle, and the for Ie applied to the other end. lt will likewise be apparenti to thok e skilled in the art that the invention is capable of a variety of embodiments and that seine ol' the parts which havi added iter 'etinenient and tor securing' suhstantiallj7 ideal conditions niaj;T ,oe omitted without departing' troni the spirit and scope o'l' the invention.

lil-giving thus explained the nature ot hij' said invention, aud described a wajvv ot constructinji` and using` the `anie, although with outl atteinpting` to set t'orth all thc tornis iu which it inaj be inade or all the modes of its use what l claiin is:

l. It turning; tool comprising a body, a cutter, a cutter carrier having` a segmental rack, a pivot tor pivoting said carrier to said body, a rotatable ineinber journaled on the bodv, and a worin on said nieinber engaged with said racl tor inoving said carrier.

Q. et turning` tool comprisingl a body, a cutter, a cutter carrier having' a rack, a rotatable nieuiber jourialed on the body, a worin on said ineinber engaged with said 'ack tor inoviug said farrier, and manuallyope able mechanism comprising a pluralitjv ot stops 'tor stopping the rotation ot' the worin in anyv one et a pluri lity of predeterinined positions.

il. turning` tool comprising a body, a cutter carrier having a rack on one end, a pivot connecting the other eud ot said carrier to said body, a cutter supported on said :arrier between the ends thereof, a rotatable member journaled on the body, a Worm on said member engaged with said rack tor moving said carrier, and a manually-operable stop movable into and out of active position :tor stopping the rotation of the worm in a predetermined position.

l. A turning tool comprising a body, a cutter, a cutter carrier, a rotatable member journaled on said body and operatively connected ivitli said carrier for adjusting it, and a series ot stops adapted to be selected for stopping said member in any one ot a series of selected positions.

5. A turning tool comprising a body, a cutter, a cutter carrier, a rotatable member journaled on said body and operatively connected With said carrier for adjusting it, a series oi stops rotatable with said member, and a series of stops on said body adapted to le selected t'or engagement With the firstmentioned stops respectively.

G. A turning tool comprising a body, a cutter, a cutter carrier, a rotatable member j ournaled on said body and operatively connected with said carrier for adjusting it, a series ot stop-rings adjustably secured on said member, and a series of stop pins on said body adapted to be selected tor engagement with the respective stop-rings.

T. A turning tool comprising a body, a cutter', a cutter' carrier, a rotatable member journaled on said body and operatively connected With said carrier for adjusting it, a series of stops rotatable with said members, a series of coacting stop pins on the body, and connections between said pins and actuated by the movement of any one of them to active position for moving the remainder to inactive position.

8. A turning tool comprising a body, a cutter, a cutter carrier, a rotatable member j ournaled on said body, and operatively connected with said carrier for adjusting it, a series ot' stops rotatable with said member, a series ot coacting stop pins and equalizing links between said pins, constructed and arranged vfhereby When one of said pins is moved to active posit-ion it automatically restores the remainder to inactive position.

9. A turning tool comprising a body, a

cutter, a cutter carrier, a rotatable member journaled on said body and operatively connected with said carrier for adjusting it, a Work rest, a rest carrier, a rotatable membei journaled on said body and operatively connected with said rest carrier for adjusting it, and means forconnecting said members to rotate in unison and simultaneously to adjust said carriers.

lO. A turning' tool comprising a body, a cutter, a cutter carrier, a rest, a rest carrier, said carriers being formed with rack teeth, and Worm mechanism mounted on said body and engaged with said rack teeth for adjusting said carriers simultaneously.

1l. A turning tool comprising a body, a cutter, a cutter carrier, a rest, a rest carrier, av rotatable member' operatively engaged with one of said carriers to adjust it, a rotatable member operatively engaged with the other ot' said carriers to adjust it, said members being independently rotatable, and means for coupling said members to rotate in unison.

1Q. A turning tool comprising a body, a

Work rest, a Work-restcarrier having a rack rack for moving said carrier, and manually operable mechanism adapted to be selected for stopping the rotation of the Worm in any one of a plurality of predetermined positions.

let. A turning tool comprising a body, a Work rest, a work-rest carrier having a rack, a rotatable member jouinaled on the body, a Worm on said member engaged with said rack for moving said carrier, and a manually operable stop for stopping the rotation oit the Worm in a predetermined position.

l5. A turning tool comprising a body,v a Work rest, a Work-rest carrier, a rotatable member journaled on said body and operatively connected ivith said carrier for adjusting it, and a series of stops adapted to be selected for stopping said member in any one ot a series of selected positions.

16. A turning tool comprising a body, a Work rest, a Work-rest carrier, a rotatable member journaled on said body and operatively connected With said carrier for adjusting it, a series of stops rotatable with said member, and a series ot stops on said body adapted to be selected for engagement with the Hist-mentioned stops respectively.

17. A turning tool comprising` a body, a cutter, a cutter carrier, a rest, a rest car "ier, a rotatable member operatively engaged with one of said carriers to, adjust it, a rotatable member operatively engaged With the other ot said carriers to adjust it, said members being independently rotatable, a disk connected to each of said members, and means tor connecting said disks together.

1S. A turning tool comprising a body. a critter', a cutter carrier, a rest, a rest carrier, a rotatable member operatively engaged with one ot said carriers to adjust it, a rotatable member operatively engaged with the other ot said carriers to adjust it, said members being independently rotatable, a disk connected to each member to rotate it, and a movable pin carried by one disk and adapted to engage the other disk to connect them together.

l). It turning tool comprising a body, a cutter, a work rest, a sector toothed cutter carrier, a sector toothed rest carrier, pivots connecting said carriers to said body, oppositely threaded worms supported by said body and engaged with said arriers re spectively, and means for rotating said worms.

,it turning tool comprising a body, a cutter, a work rest, a sector toothed cutter carrier, a sector toothed rest carrier, pivots connecting said carriers to said body, oppesitely threaded worms supported by said body and engaged with said carriers respectively, and a rotatable member connected to each worm to rotate it independently of the other.

2l. A turning tool comprising a body, a cutter, a work rest, a sector toothed cutter carrier, a sector toothed rest carrier, pivots connecting said carriers to said body, oppositely threaded worms supported by said body and engaged with said carriers respectively, a rotatable member connected to each worm to rotate it independently of the other, and means for connecting said members to rotate in unison.

turning tool. comprising a body, a cutter, a work rest, a sector toothed cutter carrier, a sector toothed rest carrier, pivots connecting said carriers to said body, oppositely threaded worms supported by said body and engaged with said carriers respectively, rotatable means for rotating said worms in unison, and selective stop mechanism for stopping said means and worms at any one of a plurality of predetermined points in their rotation.

Q3. A turning tool comprising a body, a cutter, a cutter carrier, a back rest, a backrest carrier, a top rest, a top-rest carrier, pivots connecting said carriers to said body, and means for simultaneously adjusting said carriers to the same extent.

2st. A turning tool comprising a body, a cutter, a top rest, a carrier therefor, a back rest, a carrier therefor, pivots connecting said carriers to said body, one of said carriers having a curved portion and the other engaging said curved portion, whereby the movement of the latter is imparted to the former, and .means for moving the secondmentioned carrier.

it turning tool comprising a body, a carrier having a socket or recess, a cutter located in said recess, a position-determining abutn'ient screw for engaging the top of the cutter, an oppositely arranged fulcrum screw for engaging the bottom of said cutter and farther from the cutting edge, and a clamping screw for engaging the top of the cutter and still farther from the cutting edge, said screws being threaded into said carrier and entering said socket or recess.

26. turning tool comprising a. body, a carrier having a socket or recess, a cutter located in said recess, a position-determiningl abutment screw for engaging the top of the cutter, an oppositely arranged fulcrum screw for engaging the bottom of said cutter and farther from the cutting edge, a clamping screw tor engaging the top of the cutter and still farther from the cutting edge, said screws being threaded into said carrier and entering said socket or recess, and oppositely arranged clamping screws with confronting ends for engaging the top and bottom of said cutter at points more remote from its cutting edge, all of said screws beingl threaded into said carrier and entering said socket or recess, substantially as set forth.

Q7. A quick resetting turning tool coinprising an end cutter consisting of a bar having a cutting edge at its end, a holder for said cutter having an adjustable abutment to engage the end of the cutter ad jacent the cutting edge opposite the cutting point, and determine the position of said point, and clamping means for holding said cutter against said abutment wh-ereby the cutting edge is positioned.

QS. it. quick resetting turning tool comprising a cutter consisting of a bar having a cutting edge at its end terminating in a cutting point, and having a character thereon indicating the thickness of the cutting end of the cutter, and a holder having an adjustable abutment bearing characters to indicatie the position of said abutment, said abutment being located on said holder to engage the cutting end of the cutter bar opposite the cutting point, and means for clamping said cutter against said abutment.

29. A turning tool comprising a cutter consisting' of a bar having at its end a cutting edge terminating in a cutting point, a holder having an abutment to engage the cutter at its end adjacent the cutting edge, adjustable means for holding said cutter against said abutment and oppositely arranged adjustable means on said holder for engaging said cutter and clamping it to said holder.

30. A quick resetting' turning tool comprising a body, a cutter carrier movably mounted on said body to carry the cutter toward and from the work, an end cutter consisting of a bar having a cutting edge at one end, an adjustable diameter-tieten mining abutment on said carrier engaging one of the longitudinal faces of the cutter bar at the cutting end of the said cutter bar to resist the lateral thrust of the cutter, and means for clamping said cutter bar agztinst said abutment.

3l. 1li quick resetting turning tool comprising e nga ge a cutter holder, clamps thereon to and clamp the cutter, a cutter bar having a cutting edge at its extremity and having its. cutting end projecting beyond said clamps, and an abutment on said holder engaging the projecting end of said cutter and resisting the lateral thrust against said cutter.

A quick resetting turning tool comprising a` cutter consisting of a bar having top and bottom longitudinal faces and having a transverse cutting' edge at its end, a cutter holder having a recess for the cutter of greater Width than the height of the eutter bar, an abutment projecting into said recess, and engaging one of said faces of said cutter opposite the point of engagement of the cutting edge with the Work to resist the lateral thrust against the end of the cutter and to determine the diameter of the Work, and clamping devices projecting into said recess and engaging the top and bottom faces ot said cutter to clamp it against said abutment and to hold it against longitudinal movement.

A quick resetting turning tool comprising a cutter holder, clamps thereon for engaging a cutter, a cutter bar having a symbol thereon indicating its diameter, an adjustable abutment for engaging the end of the cutter behind the nose thereof, and a scale to indicate the position ot the adjustable abutment and thereby to enable the operator to adjust the abutment to correspond with the diameter of 'th-e cutter.

n testimony Wh-ereotl l have aiicrxed my signature, in presence of two Witnesses.

JAME S HARTNE SS.

TNitrit-isses J. W. BENNETT, J. W. ALKER.

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Washington, D. C.