US1054424A - Tile flooring. - Google Patents

Description

D. E. KENNEDY,

TILE FLOORING.

AYPLIGATION FILED 11mm, 1911.

1 ,054,424, Patented Feb. 25, 1913.

www 7. r ma Q @uw expense of laying such tiles on account of .ffrllowin UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

DAVID E. KENNEDY, OF NEW YORK. N. Y.

'rits rLoosINe. l

Bpeciacatibp of Letters Yatent.

Patented Feb. 25, 1913.

Application aled December-"18, 1911. Serial No. 686,278.

To all whomt may concern:

Be it known that I, Davm E. '1{ENNED'Y, a citizen of the VUnited States, -residin .in the city, county, and State of New. ork, have invented certain new and usefulgImproveniente .in Tile Flooring, of which the is a specification.`

The o geotof my invention is to improve the art o tile fiooring and to overcome the existing diiculties in constructing a floor having a tread surface of cork or similar tiling upon a hard non-pierceable base of concrete or similar material,l and the invention consists in rovidin means whereby the tiles may be -aid wit aout the use of weights, and in the various features of construction and combinations of parts h inafter set forth and claimed. -Heretofore oorlr and similar tiling .that -is yielding and that tends to absorb moisture and to expand and contract under varying atmospheric conditions and which possesses other'characteristic properties,has been most satisfactorily applied to wooden tloors'to which the tiles could be securely nailed. Although -the benefits and advan es of covering a cement floor with a trea layer ofcork or similar material seem obvious, the use of cork tiles on such a cement base has been limited because 'of the ditliculty and the characteristics of the material itself, and specially on account of the difficulty of securing the tiles to the base. It is necessary to squeeze such tiles together under .pressure when being laid to prevent the format-ion of cracks between adjacent tiles and this tends to cause the tiles to spring away from the top of the concrete base. Als on account of the inequalities of the surface of the corcrete base, air pockets tendtoform beneath the tiles, thus rendering ineicient any ndlfiesive that might be put on the concrete surace.

Various attempts have been made to overcome the bulging of the tread surface and the formation of air pockets, particularly by placing bags of sand or iron weights over the entire oor surface until the bulgingof the tiles and any tendency to curl at the edges was overcome. But auch attempts have proven impractical, owing to the ex )ense and delay involved. I have discovered, iowever, that a tread layer consistin of tiles of coi-1c or similar material may be aid upon 'a concrete base by providing an interposed \layer, which may be bonded, both to theconletevor other hard base and 'to the cork trhad and which is sufficiently soft to permit the\tiles to be nailed into intimate contact.

to said layer, but which will be sufiiciently hard to form a firm support for the tiles. Such intermediate layer may he made of cement and sand with' a yielding filler, such as sawdust, factor' ashes, asbestos, ranulated cork and li e materials, whici will serve the good offices of a wooden door for receiving the nails and att-he same time make it possible to have the desirable solid wooden flooring.

The drawing forminga part of this specification is a tion of suc a oo'r, the tiles being shown at the front in section to more clearly show the attaching nails.

My floor thus comprises a non-pieceable base, which may be of usual reinforced concrete constructioir. or oth rwise as de'- sired. U on this basel is lai the composition capa le of receiving nails and being bonded to the tiles, and upon .this are laid the tiles, which are then nailed in place. The tiles are preferabl cemented to the compositionbackin andy also to each other -at their abutting edgges bya suitable lue or adhesive. The com sition,' as is o vious, will be thoroughly onded to they base or concrete floor roper. This rovides a solid floor substantially as if mat e in que piece, but which comprises the desirable hardbnse,

Athe desirable cork, or other similar tiling, and the intermediate layer of composition 'cement which Hoes not detract from the qualities of the hard base beneath it,.but serves to permit the tiles tc' be nailed Ain place.

In the drawing the part indicated by A represents a hard concrete base, its upper portion onlybeing shown, asany hard floor mav be used.

The part. B represents the composition materia Portions of six'tiles C are shown-` the front'one bein shownin section to more clearly show t e nails, and the bounding lines J are also intended torepresentn thin layer of adhesive cement. Brads are preferably used in nailing the. tiles, andl the final blow given them is directed toward driving them somewhat below the surface of the with `the surface thereof while being bonded concrete flooring instead of the undesirable perspective view showing a'por llO . ticular cement composition, it o'nl necessary that the composition unite wit the desired results may be used.

grout. This groutingb not absolutel ter resu tile, as shown` in the drawing, so that' when 'the tile recoils from. the blow, the puncture will close above the 'brad to conceal it. Enough of these brads are applied around the e es of the tiles or elsewhere to securely old them in lace.

I o not wish tolimit myself to anygparein the concrete base to form al solid floor and at thesame time to be capable of receiving the nails. I have found that sawdust, as-

l bestos, granulated cork or cindcrs may he ,"satisfactorily used as a filler, but I do not limit myself to these, as other fillers ving n Vhen using cinders, a goodfcom osition is made by using one part Atlas ortland cement (or its equivalent), two parts screened sand,

land tive parts fine, clean, screened anthracite cinders, or four parts soft coal cinders. The

pared b tirstthoroughly sweeping and then soa in with water.' Dry cement is then sprink on the wet surface, which may be spread with a broom to forni d thin grout over the entire surface' of the concrete. The composition is then laid on this essential, but it gives lts. z fter 1t is thoroughly dry, the cork tiling is laid,

which should preferably be within a month after the composition is applied. The layer ofcomposition should -be at least one inch thick tov give thebest results, and troweled -to a smooth sidewalk finish.

Having thus described' my invention, I claimzge 1..-A p, nnanent -flooring comprising a lurali't of non-h0mogeneous superimposed 'ljayersgcrrnin an integral structure comrisinga har non-pierceable base, a yieldmg non-metallic .wear or tread layer ccmprising a plurality of independent -units or tiles and. an interposed layer between the base and tread la ers, said intermediate layer being relative y softer than the base la er and adapted to'be pierced by metullio securing means when in a dry condition.

2. A permanent Hooi-ing formed of a plurality of non-homogeneous superimposed layers, com rising a concrete base, an intermediate ayer consisting of a relatively soft composition bonded to the base layer` a tread ayei` consisting of a plurality of tiles of non-mineral yielding material, an adhesive between said intermediatelayer and tread layer, and independent securing means engaging with the intermediate layer for holding the bottoms of said tiles in intimate contact with the surface of the intermediatc layer while said adhesive hardens. y f- In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the )resence of two witnesses. AVID E. KENNEDY. Witnesses: A

Ma'rzLna DavinsoN, JULIA K." CLARKE.

Gabin o! this patent may be obtained for an cents noli, ,by addressing the I"Commissioner ot latente.

l Washington, D. 0. i

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