US1050367A - Fourdrinier type of paper-making machine. - Google Patents

Description

J. LEWTHWAITE.-

rouamumm TYPE OF PAPER MAKING MACHINE.

Patented Jan. 14, 1913.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 2. 1912.

WITNESSES:

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A TTORNEY J. LEWTHWAITE. FOURDBINIEB TYPE OF'PAPBB'MAKING MACHINE. APPLIQATIOH TILED JAN. 2, 1912. 1,050,3 7,. Patented Jan.14,1913.

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WITN I mm m M Jew W or A TTORNEY JOHN LEWTHWAITE, OF WEST OREGON CITY, OREGON.

FOURDRINIEB TYPE OF PAPER-MAKING MACHINE.

Application filed January 2, 1912.

Specification of Letters latent. v

Patented Jan. 14, 1913. Serial No. scams.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN LEwTHwArrn, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Vest Oregon City, Ola-ckamas county, State of Oregon, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Fourth-i nier Type of Paper-Making Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates both to the method and mechanical means embodied in the paper machines of the Harper or F ourdrinier type. Reviewing briefly the present state of the art in this respect, 111 Order to more readily understand the purpose of my improvement: Under the Fourdrinier type of machine, as known, is understood a device embodying means for 1111- parting a lateral vibration to the wire cloth carrying the pulp, in order to assist and promote the felting process by overcoming the tendency of the fibers to be afilectedby the forward motion of the wire and, in consequence, assuming a position parallel to each other, pointing in the direction of travel, instead of inter-winding and felting. The side motion obtained in the F ourdrinier type of machine causes a portion of the fibers to assume a position more or less at right angles to the direction of travel, and in so doing promotes the felting process. However, it is known that the Fourdrinier type of machine heretofore did not fully accomplish the end desired, for it is still easy to tell by the tearing of the sheet of paper so produced which way it was made in the machine. In other words. the felting process was not perfectly accomplished. I have discovcrcd that the reason for such defective felting, notwithstznnling said lateral shake, resides in the ditiiculty of properly adjusting the lateral vibration so as to fully accomplish its purpose. Th lateral shukcs should be so regulated that as much water as pc-ssille will have escapcd through the wire cloth before the paper reaches the suction boxes of the machine. But as the fibers will only felt so long as they are suspended in the water, the latter must, on the other hand, be prevented from draining off too soon. By too rapid :1 lateral shake of the wire cloth the pulp is moved sidewise so violently that the tendency of the water to fall through the meshes of the wire cloth is checked, and, furthermore. the sheet is thinned at its edges by the stutf being violently thrown against the deckle straps.

In the hand-made process of paper making, the fibers are interuvined or felted when the agitation is at its maximum while the water is drawn ofl' rapidly: and the nearer we can simulate this haml-process in the machine the more uniform and stronger will be the paper produced.

James H. Annandale, in'his patent-dated October 30, 1911, Number 660,808, on paper making, informs us that the production of close textures in paper is dependent upon the removal of the water simultaneously with the fullest operation o f the shake, and that the shake only i'clts the paper when the quantity of water is so reduced that the individual fibers drop against and jostle one another.

In the Fourdrinier paper machine, as heretofore constructed, the pulp does not settle down immediately after it leaves the slices, for the stuff is then still in a very turbulent condition, and the pulp is not in the best condition for felting until the speed of the stream of pulp and the wire cloth carrying it are about the same, which occurs some (listance l)e v md, that is, in advance of the breast roll. Such point may be theoretically located about half way betweenthe breast roll and the first suction box, and atsuch point the shake should he as great as at the breast roll, for it will be then more effective in causing the inter-lining and intertwining of the fibcrs as required by the felting process. In the former l ourdrinier machine the maximum lateral shake subsided too abruptly to accomplish its purpose. Taking advantage of this discovery, I have so improved the shaking mechanism and the frame supporting the breast roll 'und the wire cloth to cause such wire cloth to receive a uniform lateral vibration throughout its length for some distance beyond the point at which the conditions are at their best for the proper felting process.

Inchlenlnll my improvement carries with it two further adi untuges: First, since in the typc of machine referred to, the wire-cloth, in passing around the breast roll, is held by the latter against lateral movement adjacent the breast roll, and since the lateral motion is greatest at the breast roll and diminishes from that point, there is a tendcncy for the wire cloth to wor in the mesh at the breast roll, and the resulting attrition has been found to shorten its life perceptibly. In my improvement. however, since a section of the wire beyond the breast roll has imparted to it uniformly the same degree of lateral vibration, and since there no rigid restraint of the Wire cloth at the forward end of its said uniformly vibrated section, the working of the wire cloth in the mesh is reduced to a minimum and its life is, in consequence, greatly prolonged. Since the wire cloth is an important item of expense the benefit is obvious. Secondly, my improvement introduces an additional bearing for the frame supporting the vi brated wire cloth, which is of great benefit, for since the wire cloth is necessarily made of considerable length, this necessitates long bars at the sides in which the table rolls are journaled, and if the bearings of such side bars are far apart the weight imposed upon them has a tendency to cause a torsional strain on the side bars of the frame, throwing the table rolls out of alinement, wrinkling the wire cloth and producing bad results. Furthermore my improvement permits greater speed, since the maximum shake is applied to the sheet of pulp at the very point where it is most effective, and hence the pulp does not have to remain on the wire cloth so long, but may be moved at greater speed.

A In the accompanying drawings constituting a part of this specification I have illustrated diagrammatically the improvement introduced by me in said type of paper making machine, and by which improve ments I attaini the end described In said drawin"*'-r Fig re 1 shown a side elevation o t at portion of a paper machine of the l cnrdrinier type, in which my invention is embodied; Fig. 2 shows a plan of the same portion of the machine; Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic plan view representing the skeleton of the frame or table by which the table rolls are supported, and on which the breast roll is also mounted; Fig. t is a diagrammatic side elevation of the parts of the machine shown in the preceding view; and Fig. 5 is a diagrammatictransverse section taken on the line ft filf of Fig. ()n the base, a, shown in Fig. 1, are mounted a series of blocks, 6, I), graduated in height and on the latter are mounted standards c, c, and d, cl, adapted to be laterally vibrated.' The standards, r, (r, are mounted on pivoted supports i, 2', the inside pair of which are made with integral arms, In, L, which are conn ted with a cone drive in my convenient manner, the cone drive in eluding an eccentric element and pcrmitin-g the adjustment of the belt, as usual, so as to be able to adjust the intensity of the shake to suit the different grades of pulp J36 stool: operated upon.

The devices shown but not described are understood to be of the common construction and in fact the machine diagrammatically represented shows a well known type of machine modified and improved in lts construction, as specifically stated by me, but otherwise operated in the usual manner.

The pivoting strands are connected by connections, j, j, as usual. The upper ends of the standards, (3, 0, are pivoted to the ex tremities of the bars, 6, e, the pivots therefor being represented by g, g. In the side bars, 0, e. are journaled the table rolls q. On the right-hand pair of standards, 0, c, as shown in Fig. 1, are also mounted the rea r ends of the side bars f, f, the forward ends being pivoted to the rigid uprights r. The pivots of the bars, f, f, are represented by h and s. v

m is the breast roll and over the latter and the series of table rolls q runs the endless wire cloth 12 0 represents the deckle straps supported by deckle pulleys p, p.

A portion of the series of table rolls is journaled in the side bars, f, f, as shown in Fig. 2. By means of the cone pulley drive and its connections, that section of the wire cloth supported by the table rolls journaled in the side bars, 6, 6, receives a uniform lateral shake throughout its length, While that portion of the wire cloth in advance of the section referred to, thus in advance of the pivotal point h, receives a gradually diminishing lateral vibration which is m'l at the pivotal point 8. There is consequently a maximum lateral shake of the wire cloth from the breast roll m to the pivotal point, h. it, and since the section of wire cloth in advance of the breast roll vi-' brates with the latter at uniform speed all thenvorking of the Wi re cloth in its meshes, and resultant attrition, is reduced to a minimum.

In due of the machines built by me for the purpose of testing and demonstrating 'the efficiency of my invention, the pivotal point, 5 farthest in advance, thus at thev right of the breast roll, as shown in the drawings, will locate at a point distant about seven feet from the breast roll. At this point, as mentioned, the speed of the flowing pulp, and the travel of the wire cloth are the same, all turbulence has subsided,

the greater portion of the water has already been drained off, and all conditions are at the best for inducing the process of felting of the fibers. As mentior ed above, the length of the section of wire cloth receiving a uniform lateral shake should be so determined as to bring its forward end, that is, the end farthest beyond and in advance of the breast roll, at a point where the speed of the flowing pulp and the travel of the wire are the'same, and where the turbulence,

parting occasioned by the rush of the stutl beneath the slices, has subsided and a considerable percentage of the water has already (1 'ained through the wire cloth. On two machines built-by me for testing and demonstrating the etficiency of my improvement, said point was located ap 'n'oxin'iately seven feet in advance of the L l (tint roll, and at such point the wire cloth was eiven the same degree of lateral shake as directly in ront of the breast roll; it was also operated by the same drive. Consequently the same degree of lateral shake was uniformly imparted to said secti n of the wire cloth, which section had an area of about 85 sq. ft. The side motion so imparted was, as nsuah about onefourth of an inch throw.

I claim:

1. In the mechanical process of paper making the method which consists in im 7 to the sheet of pulp a longitudinal motion and simultaneously imparting to the initial section of such sheet a uniform maximum lateral vibration throughout its length.

it. In the mechanical process of paper making-the method which consists in immrting to the sheet of pulp a longitudinal motion and simultaneously imparting a nadmmn lateral vibration to such sheet at ll:-- initial point. and at a point located in advance f the latter.

LL In a paper making machine of the type rete rred to, the combination with the endles apron and means for longitudinally nosing the same, of means or simultanetusly imparting to the initial section of said ap on a uniform maximum lateral vibration throughout its length.

i. l n a paper making machine of the type referred to. the emnbination with the endless aprm and means for longitudinally naming the same, of means for simultane wa imparting a maximum lateral vibraiion to said apron at its initial point and a punt t rm d in advance of the latter.

.1 lit a pap r making machine of the type t -t mp i ing an endle traveling adapted to impart to the inimit! apron in advance of the li l machine a uniform lateral at it length, and diminnnon beyond such initial t- 5 machine of the type 1 an endless traveling so of articulated supthe breast roll and the vibratory means adapt-- w r lint is ed for imparting a uniform lateral shake to said supporting means at the breast roll and at a point in advance of the breast roll, and diminishing said vibration beyond said point.

7. In a paper inak' ig machine of the type referred to, comprising an endless traveling apron, the combination with the supporting means of the breast roll and the traveling apron, of means for imparting lateral Vibration, and aid vibrating means being connected with said supporting means at the breast roll and also a point in advance of the latter.

In a paper making machine of the type referred to, comprising an endless traveling apron, the combination with the supporting meansof the breast roll and the traveling apron, of means for imparting lateral vibration, of a. primary bearing for said supporting means and a supplementary bearing therefor located in advance of the breast roll, and said supporting means being adapted to be vibrated between said bearings both of said bearings being connected to said means imparting lateral vibration.

9. In a paper making machine of the type referred to comprising an endless traveling apron, the combination with the supporting means of the breast roll and the traveling apron, of means for mparting lateral vibration, of a primary bearing for said supporting means and a supplementary bearing therefor located in advance of the breast roll, and said supporting means being jointed to render them vibratable between said bearings, both of said bearings being connected to said means imparting lateral vibration.

10. In a paper making machine of the type referred to, comprising an endless traveling apron. the combination of primary and secondary bearing laterally rockable, a frame formed in two sections the first section of said frame being supported at its ends on said primary and said secondary bearings, and one end of the second section of said frame being supported on the secondary bearings and its opposite end being pivoted on fixed bearings; said f 'ame supporting the breast roll and the table rolls for the endless apron of the machine; and means for vibrating the primary and secondary rockable bearings simultaneously.

7 JQHN LEVTHVVAITE. lVitnesses:

Jas. H. CARY, CECIL Lone.

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