US1049641A

US1049641A - Hydraulic press for making tubes out of an ingot.

Info

Publication number: US1049641A
Application number: US59634510A
Authority: US
Inventors: Wiland Astfalck
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1910-12-08
Filing date: 1910-12-08
Publication date: 1913-01-07
Anticipated expiration: 1930-01-07

Description

W. ASTFALGK. HYDRAULIC PRESS FOR MAKING TUBES OUT OF AN INGOT.

APPLICATION FILED 1330.8, 1910. Patented Jan. '7, 1913.

8 SHEETS-1811337. l.

R V Q X, Y w w llllllllll N v E a ASTFALOK. HYDRAULIC PRESS FOR MAKING TUBES ,OUT OF AN INGOT APPLICATION FILED DEC. 8, 1910. 1,049

PatentedJan. 7, 1918.

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w; ASTFALGK. HYDRAULIG PRESS FOR MAKING TUBES OUT OF AN INGOT.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 8, 1910.

- Patented J an. '7, 1913 a SHEETSS HEET 5'.

(WV-rm EE wwfi WW a mmx.

I w. ASTFALC'K. I HYDRAULIC PRESS FOR MAKING TUBES O-UT OF AN INGOT.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 8, 1910.

Patented Jan. 7,1913.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

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" 'w. ASTPALGK. k HYDRAULIC PRESS FOR MAKING TUBES OUT OF AN INGOT.

AP ICATION FILED 1330.8, 1910. 1,049,641 Patented Jan.7,1913. T s SHEETS-SHEET 8.

wrLann asrranoir, or nussnnnosr, Gn'nMaNr.

HYDRAULIC PRESS FOR MAKING TUBES OUT 01 AN INGOT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Fatcntcd Jan. '71, 19113.

- Application filed December 8, 1910. Serial No. 586,345.

To cZZ whom it may concern:

Be itknown that I, TIL-AND AsTFALoK, engineer, a subject of the German Emperor, and residing at 22 Pempeltorterstrasse, Dusseldorf", Kingdom of Prussia, Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in l lydraulic Presses for Making- Tubes out or an Ingot, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to a hydraulic for making tubes out of an in not. The said press is composed of thefollowing parts. '1. An arrangement by means of which the mandrel and the rain are adv'anced for introducing the ingot into theperforating operation travel together with the displaced and receding material. 5 An arrangement for holding the receiver while the ingot is being introduced, which arrangement is adapted to be released by the main controlling lever. 6. A hydraulic or l110Ci1llll.ul arrangement, by means of which the receiver can travel during the pressing opera ion with the material of the ingot in the direction of the pressure. but is'returned into initial position on the ram being withdrawn. 7. Means for reducing the friction between the mandrel and the material of the ingot, and also the heating of the mandrel, consisting of collars on said mandrel or of lubricating and insulating; material applied to said mandrel. 8. An arrangement for removing the scale on thesurface of the ingot. 9. An arrangement for centering the ingot. introducing the block and the pressing ring. 11. An arrangement for cooling the mandrel. 12. An arrangemenbfor cooling the pressed tube. 13. An arrangement for severing the tube from the remaining material.

The accompanying drawings exemplify in Figure 1 the whole arrangement of the press and the distributing gear, the pipe 10. An arrangement for.

connections in'a diagrammatical manner. For thepurpose of obtaining a more simple drawing the constructional details of the several parts have been omitted and all parts have been shown as if situated within the same plane. Fig. 1 is a View of parts shown in F ig. 1 with the valve mechanism and connections modified to facilitate re turn movement oi -the operating parts of the apparatus. Fig. 2 is a detail of the controlling gear, shown in another working position. Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate a controlling meinber of Fig. 1 on an enlarged scale in section and in two working positions. Figsfh and 6 represent in two views an ingot, which is to be perforated and then pressed into the shape of a tube. Fig. 7 shows the ingot in the feed mechanism. Figs. 8 to 11 illustrate the arrangement for introducing the ingot and the pressing ring, partly in different views, partly'in section and in two diiterent working positions.

Fig. 12 is a front view of the pressing rin Fig. 13 is the arrangement for removing the scale from the surface of. the ingot. in Figs. 1 to 16 the arrangement for cooling the mandrel is shown in several modifications. Fig. 14 also shows the lubricant or heat insulating-medium applied to the mandrel. Figs. 17 to 19 show the mandrel with its cap attached to itand with a collar in three different modifications partly in view and partly in section. Fig. QOillustrates the means of cooling the tube on its inside and its outside. Fig. 21 shows the arrangement on the mandrel for severing the tube from the remaining material.

The comm/action of the press according to Figs. 1 t0 4 and its operation-11! Fig. 1, 22 is the cylinder of the press, behind which follow the feeding cylinder 23 and the re turn cylinder 24. Into the latter two cylinders, which may be concentrically arranged within each other, project the two

plungers

25 and 26, of which the former open toward theinterior of the cylinder, the latter on the contrary being closed and serving simultaneously in its inside as a cylinder for a stationary bored plunger 27. The two

plungers

25 and 26 are coupled by means of a cross-piece 28, to which the twoauxiliary pistons 29 are coupled by means of rods 30. These pistons 29 work in the auxiliary cylinders 31. At their ends projecting fromv the cylinders the pistons 29 are coupled by the Y means of rods 32 with a cross-piece 38, which said rain, which mandrel is coupled at one end with the crcsspiece 3? with rods 38 for limiting the stroke. his cross-piece is constructed to abut with a. piston or plunger Of course the part of the plunger projecting beyond the cylinder 22 must be recessed or slotted, so as to allow sufiicient room for the cross-piece 3 The piston 39 may work either in a special cylinder arranged ithin the hollow piston 34, or the cavity it; of the piston 34 may serve directly as cylinder for the piston 39. This arrangement is illustrated in Fig. 1. The rods 38 for limiting the stroke are fitted with ad justable abutincnts 41, which abut against fixed abutments 42 which may be secured to the cylinder 22. 43 is the ingouJiis the receiver, is the holder of the same, so is the die-holder, l7 is 9.- preferably bifurcated slide, which is also shown in Figs. 8, 9, 16 and and which serves to hold the dieholder. in the receiver holder pressurechambers 4C8 are provided, in which work the plungers d9 bearing against the receiver. These plungers may, if desirable, also be coupled by means of the rods and shown by dotted lines, and a crosspiece 53. to the cross-piece 33, it' a hydraulic operation of the receiver is dispensed with. in the receiver holder 45 catch-bolts may be provided as shown in the drawing, which catclrbolts engage in the receiver 44. and coupled with each. other by lever roclc ing around 54 and to the main control by means of rod ge -er 56, 57. The pressure cyl inder 22 commun cates with the feeding cylinder 23 by means of a regulable openin v5, 59 is the distributing mechanism it the pressure cylinder, and is shown in Figs. 3 and 4 on an enlarged scale. 60 is the dis trlbuting mechanism for the auxil'

inders

31, 61 is the cen ralized disti arrangement, 62 the distributing niece n" pressure water accumulator. end 65 are telescoping tubes, of which the former coin- .municates at the one end with the pressure cylinder 22, at the other end with the pressure water pipe, the latter communicating with the cavity 40 in the press plunger. 66 is a non-return valve, which opens toward the waste water pipe and wiil allow of the feeding water, gradually becoming superfiurms, escaping.

The operation ot the press is asytollows:

When the main controlling lever t g V is movedinto the position ill, the valve a will be pur ated in lergth to produce the stated results, as well as other sequence of movements in the valves a, b, c, d, c and j, as hereinafter described. By way of the open valve a the return cylinder 2% is put into communication through pipe 69 with the waste water passage 70. lhe distributing piston 71 remains in the position shown in Fig. 1 While the two distributing pistons 72 and Y3, which telescope in each other, assume the positions shown in Fig. 3, the cavity 74: of the dis tributing cylinder 75 con'imunicates by way of pipe is (Fig. 1) and the valve f with the waste water passage 70. F or a better elucidation the distributing gear according to Figs. 8 and i shall be here briefly described although it is on an already known principle. The distributing piston 73 moves on the one hand in the distributing cylinder 75, on the other hand in the distributing piston 72, which at the same time closes and opens the opening 58 and thereby opens or interrupts the communication between the pressure cylinder 22 and the feeding cylinder 23. The distributing cylinder 75 communicates permanently with the pressure pipe 7 9 and by way of the same with the accumulator 63 and in consequence of the pressure chamber 8 the passage 81. and the bore 82 in the distributing piston 73 the pressure \vater'will always act in the cavity 83 of the distrib uting piston 72 and tend to keep the two pistons apart, besides aiming to move both pistons to the right. Nhen, however, pressure water is introduced into the pressure chamber is, it will first move both pistons to the left and as soon as the piston 72 strikes with its abutment- 77 against 7 SYthe piston 73 will be displaced in 72 according to Fig.

catcs by way of the bored plunger 27 and for the pressure chambers as, and 33 is tic tO-will be under pressure, as the pipe 90 will be in cnnmuuication with the accumulator by way of the pipe 88- and the piston will be forced outward. so that also the

parts

39, 37, 36, 38 and will have to participate in the hereinbefore mentioned movement to the right. By such movement to the right the ingot is lushed into the receiver lt. It then the IIIMH CODhIOl lever 68 is moved into are moved into the the position IV, valve a is further opened,

valve Z) further closed, valve 6, will remain closed, valve still opened, however, valve c 18 opened, and valve d is closed, and nowauxiliary cylinders 31 and act on the pistons N All the herelnbefore mentioned parts 29. will now be moved with greater force to the right whereby the perfoation of the ingot 43 introduced into the receiver is simultaneously eilected. During this operation the receiver can travel with the material displaced by such perforation and moving to the left. 'lhi abutment 41 must be so adjusted that theyahut against 42 when the perforation is completed.

A fter the perforation has been con'ipleted, the: control lever 68 is moved into the position -Y. Now the valves (1 and 0 remain open and the valves Z) and (Z remain closed. At such position or the control lever the valve 0 is furthermore opened and valve is closed. At; the same time the rod 97 coup ling all six valves can carry along the rod 57 by means of the dog 98 provided on rod 97 and engaging with ample play with a grip 99 or the like on rod 57, so that the catch-bolts 53 are withdrawn and release the receiver 44:. The pressure Water can now pass from the accumulator through pipe 92 and the opened v'alve e by way of the passagelOO into the cavity above valve 7 and thence through pipe 76 into the cylinder 74, Fig. 4, so that both distriliiuting pistons 72, position shown in this figure, The opening 58- is closed and pressure water is introduced in the heroinbefore described manner through passage 86 into the pressure cylinder 22, so that the pressing operation can be carried out. The pressure water will thus act during the pressing o icration in the cylinders '22, 31 and in the cylinder cavity 87. As, however, after completion of the perforation the 'abutments41 bearagainst the fixed abutments 42, the perforating rain or mandrel 36 cannot participate during the pressing operation in the advance of the ram 35 so that the piston 39 will be displaced in'the pressure chamber 40. The pressure water -can therewith be forced through the tele scoping tube (35 and pipe 90 into pipe 88 and thence into the accumulator; At the same time as soon as the pressure operation is commenced the receiver will be carried to the right,either by the friction bet-ween the receiver and the ingot 43 or by the shoulder 10.1 of the ram or by botlnso that a movement between ingot and receiver is not produced or reduced respectively, and power is saved. The plungers at!) provided in the receiver holder will therewith move to the right. The pressure chambers 48 can permanently communicate through pipes 102 and 105v with the accumulator, or they may also be separately controlled by a special controlling gear (32 by way of a shut-off mechanism 103.

When the pressing operation is coi'npleted the return motion is commenced. For this purpose the control lever 68 is moved into the position I, so that the valves a, c, c, I

sunie their closed position the valves 6, a, 7' their opened position exactly as shown in Fig. 1. In consequence thereofthechamber 95 or" the distributing gear is put into communication by Way of pipe 94,- and the open valve 0?, and the chamber 74- of the distributing gear 59 shown in Figs. 3 and l by way of pipe 76 and the open valve f with the waste water passage 70, so that the distributing mechanism 71 may be returned either manually or by a special mechanical device, for example, through the medium of a hand lever 155 or a driving piston 156, connected witlrt-he controlling piston 71 and standing under constant accumulator pressure through the conduit 79 into the position shownin F l and the distributing

mechanisms

72, 73 return in the hereinbefore described manner from the.- position according to Fig.4 into the position according to Fig. 3. In consequence thereof the auxiliary cylinders 31 and the pressure cyl inder 22 are again put into communication with the feeding-cylinder 23.v At the same time pressure water will enter from the-accuniulatorvfiefs by way of pipe 92, the open valve b, the passage 104 and the pipe 69 into the cylinder 24, so that all parts except the mandrel 36 with its cross-piece and rods 38 are-moved to the left. The mandrel is merely retained by the pressure prevailing in 40. Only after the cross-piece 33 abuts against cross-piece 37, the mandrel will be carried along and returned into, the position according to Fig. i. .If the chambers 48 of the receiver holder 45 are permanently under pressure, the plungers 49 will simultaneously move the receiver into its left hand position. This may also be obtained by employing, as hereinbefore stated, a separate distributing mechanism 62, by

co-nnectingpipes

102 and 105, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1, with the distributing gear and so adjusting the shut-oil mechanism, that 102 is closed after 105. On the return into chambers 48 pressure water may be conducted by a downward movement of l the controlling lever-106 the consequent ft. ing of valve g and lowering of valve h from pipe 105 to pipe 102 by which means the I movement of the receiver to the left is obtained'. But the pipe 102 may also be connected by a pipe 107 with pipe'69, and a shut-oft mechanism 108 be arranged in the said pipe 107, so that, when said shutofi' mechanism 108 is opened during the perforating and pressing processes. the pressure chambers 4-8 will communicate by way of

pipes

107 and 69 and the valve (1 with the waste water passage 70, but be provided during the return motion with pressure water by way of valve Z) and the same pipes, so that the receiver is returned into its initial position. The receiver may, however, be returned into its left hand position by .purely mechanical means only, namely by replacing the plungers 4-9 say, by means of rods or bolts and coupling them by means of

rods

50, 52 with the cross-piece 33. For facilitating the return motion a distributing mechanism may be also provided in pipe 88, for the purpose of allowing the pressure water to escape from chamber 87 during the return stroke. For this purpose, the controller 61 must be constructed represented in Fig. 1 and the conduit 88 need only lead to the valve 157, while from the valve 158:, a con- (hit 88 branches off to the stationary pert'orated piston which projects into the pressure chamber 87. In the position I of the lever 68, water passes from the cylinder space 87, through the conduit 88" and the open valve 158, into the outlet channel 70 and escapes. By the opposite movementof the lever (38, the valve-158 will be closed, and the valve 157 raised, and the water can now enter from the accumulator (33 through the valve 157, the channel 159 and through the conduit 88 into the cylinder space 87. In other respects, the operation remains the same as described with reference to Fig. 1.

If the press to be stopped by some means,

the control lever 08 is moved into the position ll, so that valve Z) is closed and pressure water can no more enter into the re turn cylinder 24.

The tube is formed in the pressingoperation by the mandrel having a smaller diametcr than the hole in the die or being provided with a point. and partly projecting into the latter, so that an annular space is formed through which the material pressrd out must pass. In consequence thereof the end of the mandrel 1' ro cct1ng into the hole of the die For bringing always fresh parts of the mandrel into mint-act with the flowing material the abutmcnts 11- may be set so far to the left, that after the perforation the mandrel is ad-' .vanccd, being either carricdalong by the flowing material or positively moved in corrcspondcnrc with the pressure in the'pr'es.

sure cylinder 22. For this'purpose the shutoil' mechanism 80 must be opened in the latter instancef In consequence thereof the pressure Water acting in the pressure cylinder during the pressingoperation is conducted by way of the

telescoping tubes

64, 65 into the pressure chamber of the pressure piston and it will gradually displace the piston of the mandrel 39 and therewith also the mandrel.

Protecting tkemandrel against too rapid wear and beatings-The mandrel may be covered according to Fig. 14 on its surface with a coating 109 which will have on the one hand a lubricating,- and on the other a heat insulating effect; such coating may consist of graphite or any other suitable material. Thin tubes may also be made of such material and be pushed over the mandrel. Of course it is then necessary to fitthe front end of the mandrel with a cap 110, as shown in Figs. 11 and 1,4, 15 and 17 to 19. In consequence of this cap the hole in the ingot will become somewhat larger, so that the mandrel can enter the same with some play and the protective coating will not be scraped oil". In making so called compound tubes, the material of which the interior wall of the tubes is to be composed may be arranged inform of a tubular body around the mandrel in a manner similanto the insulating tube 109. This material will. have only partly an insulating citect but gradually emerge together with the other material of the ingot through the die and thereby produce the tube. The mandrel cap 110 may also be made of pointed shape as shown in Fig. 19, so that itwill more easily enter into the material; the mandrel may.

furthermore be provided with a solid collar 111 according to Fig. 17, so that the material is forced to pass over this collar and will therefore not attack the end of the mandrel so much, or the mandrel may be stepped otl at its front end several times as shown in Figs. 18 and 19 and be provided with collar rings 112 fitted on said steps. Both the cap and the collars Wlll be forced out in pressing out the ingot 13. They should, however, not have a larger diameter than the hole in the die. Also the collar ring fitted on separately will leave after completion of the perforation a free space 113 between. ingot and mandrel, so that the mandrel is protected against being overheated, and the material of the ingot against being too greatly cooled.

Rcmaval of-the scales on the surface of the ingot.+For this purpose the die with its holder 46 is given according to Fig. 13 a smaller diameter than the inside diameter with several guide webs, with which it is ever, not shown in Fig. 13. In pressing out the ingot material ll' there will not only be formcda tube 114, but simultaneously the skin of the ingot 43 will. be forced out shown in Figs. 8 to 11. p the ingot. a cradle 122 is employed which through the annular space between the die holder and the receiver, in other words a sccondthin tube will be formed over the die holder which tube will. consist of scale only. This is a very important feature as it prevents the impurities created on the surface of the ingot during forging from entering into the flesh of the tube 114%. if the die holder l6 is providod'with Webs and. therewith cmicentrically guided Within the receiver, these webs will simultaneously slit the skin of scale 115, so that the latter may be easily removed.

Centering 2571c iag0zE.-For centering the ingot it may be provided according to Figs. 5 or 6 With several webs 116 on its surface arranged in an axial, hclicoid-al or other direction. which Webs will be slightly flattened on the block being introduced and will not render the introduction in any Way more diflicult. but will insure the concentrical po-. sition of the ingot. If namely the ingot is made to exactly fit into the receiver, its introduction is ditlicult or requires a considerable amount of power. If on the contrary, the ingot is made of a somewhat smaller diameter, it Will not fit concentrically into the receiver and in consequence thereof be eccen't-rically perforated. When the ingot is provided with guide webs accord ing to Figs. and 6. its introduction requires no particular amount of power and. it will remain in a concentrical position during its perforation.

Arrangement for introducing the ingot la/Z 2572c pmvsiay ring'r l his arrangement is For introducing may be carried on a lever-arm 117 pivoted to the frame of the press, the said lGV1-.

arm 117 being connected by means of a link-rod Wltll a pressure vdevice 119. In the latter a pressure medium or a spring 120 may be provided, which actuates the piston 121 secured to the rod 118, whereby lever-* arm 11? is kept pressed upward. The free end of this arm carries a cradle or gutter which will receive the ingot and hold it coaxially with the press in front of the receiver. The lcvcr-ain1 117 has a horizontal slide way 123 and an inclined slide way 1241. The. cross 33 is provided with a slipper, but pr ihly a roller 125, which traviideways of the lover arm. non the ram and the mandrel are advanced, the roller 125 will first travel along the :mi-izontal slide'svay 123 until the their d l l'es pushed the ingot 43 from'the cradle into the receiver When this is effected and the ram 35 approaches, the cradle, the roller 125 reaches the slide way 124- inclined in an upward direction, whereby the lever arm 117 is forced down. leaving the Way clear for the ram. In such presses preferably a pressing ring 126 is employed arranged in front of the pressing ram. Such ring is shown in front view and on an enlarged scale in Fig. 12. If the mandrel is fitted with a cap according to Figs. l4, l5 and 17 to 19, the pressing ring must be previously slipped over. the mandrel and then only the cap is fitted. For allowing of using this ring for-supporting and centering the mandrel both While perforating the ingot and particularly in making tubes of a comparatively small inside diameter, when the mandrel will have to be very thin, it is each arm 128 is coupled a connecting rod. 9

132 and these are connected. by means of lcver ar1ns133 to a shaft 13 1 journaled in the crosspiece 33, on which shaft is fitted a double armed lever 135. On the cross-piece a set-off bar 136 may be arranged, which is situated with its part 137 projecting down.- ward Withinthe range of travel of lever 135, When the ram is in the position shown in. F 9, the Whole system of levers 128 and moves into the position shown and bears against the ring 126. "When the ram and mandrel are advanced also thelevenarms 128 and 130 will be simultaneously moved forward and push the ring close behind the ingot After the ring has been intro duced into the ring in the receiver, the double armed lever will strike against a projection of the bar 137 and. is "turned to the left, so that the Whole system of levers is raised and is moved into the position hown in Fig. 8. It consequently will no more be in the way of thefurther advance Ill of the mandrel and the rant. When rain and mandrel return, the gravity of the levers 132 will comeinto effectand return the lever-arms 12S and into the position shown in Fig. 9. This arrangement may, however, also be manually. operated. With the object of facilitating the transfer of the ingots into the cradle 122, the furnace 138, inwhich they are heated may be arranged close to the press and aninclined raceway 132 he providedleading from the furnace to the cradle. The cradle may also betitted with a strap 1'10, according to Fig. 7, which will serve to hold the ingot and prevent it from falling off in consequence of e possir the cooling of the mandrel may he eli'ected emerging tuhe 114:.

toot-ed against oxidization.

by providing it with a hore ll rl, according; to Fi 14;, which bore does not reach quite up to the front, end of the said mandrel. in this here pipe 142 is inserted, which is secured according to l ighl i at. its left hand end in a passage 143, to which a flexible hose 1% is connected. The cooiingwster 01 any other suitable cooling medium enters through the latter, passes through the pessage 143 and pipe 142 into the bore 141 end is discharged through passage M5 and flexible hose 'or e pipe 146. may, however, be bored according to Figs. 15, 16, 20 almost up to its end and passages and

pipes

144 and 146 may he branched on from the left hand end of said bore in through the former of which the cooling water is supplied, which will he again (ii charged through the latter. The t it end of the mandrel me he oroi iced W fine squirting passages 1 27 which inept closed by the cap 110 While the ingot heing perforated, that the Water cannot emerge at the front end ct the mandrel. When the periioretion has been coinpletezil and. the pi essing of the tube commences, the cap will he carried away, its already stated, by the material emerging from the die and the passages i451 tiller-eh opened so that the voter can emerge according Fig. T'ZGinto the intcior of the tube 114..- end cool the inside of the same. in order to prevent too high pressures produced by evaporation in the mandrel the discharge pipe 146 may nevertheless be let't open and all suz'olus water will flow oil through it. The tube may also be cooled on its outside 1y the rear extension of the die holder i6 being provided with irt neipassages 14th and encircling these i mstrihuting chamber 150. w supplied with water through a pipe lfil. jhis Water will he thereby sprayed on the outside of the By eooiii'ig 'he tube on its inside-and its outside it also proli the ununh'el cap is made as shown in Fig. 1G, and it the mandrel is bored to its 'Wlifile length according to Figs. and iii), oi? course no cooling water should he sent through during toeperforating operation as the material oi the in 1', mi it he El11t1t 'f sarily cooled during i pesnorzition. lithe mandrel is disphiccohle in the in us in Fig. 1, the supply nod (i 1 1M ail-u Lit: must 'nui-uml bldllki c t l,,.

The mandrel shown oosen t the rear end of the mandrel. They may then also be arranged in the cross-piece Aowmgemant for seeming the f liii' fromzfiie remaining maz em'al' l or the purpose of utilizing the mandrel for severing the finished tube from the renniining materiel e'i lfl the mandrel is, according to 3?. anode from the point which approaches the hole in the die, when the tube is almost finished, that is to say from point 36 of such a thickness, that its diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the tube. When the tube is finished this shoulder will meet with the edge of the hole in the die, sever by asheziring action the tube from the tailing and push it fully through the hit this moment the mandrel may he given an increased advancing movement by opening the distributing mechanism 89 and by opening the distrihu mechanism 9'1, wherein, this shearing action is quickly etieeted.

l claim:

1. In :1 hydraulic press for pressing tubes out ingots; an ingot receiver, means for presenting an ingot into position oouinnlly with the receiver means for introducing the ingot from said presenting means into 'ihe in or, means for holding the ingotcorn centricnlly within the receiver, means ins perforating the ingot while in the receivei' and means for pressing the perforated ingot intothc form a tube in :1 hydraulic press to messing I out of ingots; ingot receiver, a

the ingot concentrically Within the receii' and menns for perforating the ingot in the receiver.

3. In a hydraulic press for pressing 'i'liilQS out of ingots; an ingot receiver, 1: croi' le constructed to hold "he ingot a; 1 to and from a position which pringot couxiullfy with the reoeiven m inti-oduei the ingot trons said go moms into the receiver, means for hotel the ingot concen rically within the rceivetu and means for perforating the ingot While in the receiver, said cradle being provided with. moons for moving it to and from i delivering position, comprising a men for the cradle having means normully mo ing it in one direction and means carried by the press ram imparting movement to said cradle mounting: in the other direction.

4-. A hydraulic press for-perforating ingets and messing the same note the shunt:

weasel p E?" shoulder against which said collar bears; the collar being constructed to guide the mandrel and to enlarge the perforation and .lars mounted on the mandrel, bearing against.- the respective shoulders thereof and constructed to guide the mandrel and Widen the perforation, ind thereby produce acorresponding clearance between the mandrel and the in et 6. A hyr aul c. press for perforating-1ngets and pressing them into the shape of a tube, comprising a receiver for the ingot and a mandrel for'perforatmg the ingot in the receiver; said receiver being displaceable relatively to the. mandrel and in the direetigm. opposite to the perforating movement'o'f the mandrel and means being provided to cause said displacement of the receiver, with the receding material displaced by the mandrel, during the perforating op eration and thereby reducing friction between the ingot and the receiver.

7 A hydraulic press for perforating in gets and pressing them into the shape'of a tube, comprising a receiver for the ingot and a mandrel for perforating the ingot in the r'eceiveg; said receiver being displace able relatively to mandrel and in the direction opposite to th perforating move ment of the n'iandrel and means being provided to cause said displacement of-rthe receiver, "with the receding matenal displaced by theanandrel, during the perforating oporation and means displacing" the receiver in the oppo 'l e direction with the material dis placed (la by redueu friction between the ingot and the receiver.

8. A hydraulic press for perforating ingets and pressing them into the shape of a tube, comprising a receiver for the ingot and a mandrel for perforating the ingot in the. receiver; said receiver being displace:-

ablerelatively to the mandrel and in the direction opposite to the perforating movement of themandrel and means being provided to cause said displacement of the re ceivcr, with the receding, material displaced by the mandrel, during the perforat ng op eration and means displacing the receiver inthc opposite direction with the material supportingplungers.

displaced during the pressing operation.

thereby reducing friction betweenthe ingot and the'receiver; said receiver displacing means comprising hydraulically operated 9. ,A hydraulic press for perforating inor; pressing operation, there-- by the mandrel, during the perforating-operation and means displacing the receiver in the opposite direction with the material dis,- placed during the pressing operation, there'- by reducing friction between the ingotand the receiver; said receiver displacing means comprising hydraulically operated support-, ing plungers adapted to return the 'ieceiver. into its initial position after the material of p the ingot has been pressed out.

10. A'hydraulic pressifor perforating ingets and pressing them into the shape of a tube, comprising a receiver for the ingot and a mandrel for perforating the ingot in the receiver; said receiver being displaces able relatively to the mandrel and in the di rection opposite to the perfo-ratin; movement of the mandrel and means being" provided to cause said displacement of the receiver, With the receding material displaced by the mandrel, during the perforating operation and means displacing the receiver in the opposite direction with the'material dis placed during the pressing operation, thereby reducing friction between the ingot and the receiver; said receiver displacing means comprising hydraulically operated support ing planners and asystcm of levers through which said hydraulically op rated' plungers return the receiver into its initial position after the material of the ingot has been pressed out.

11. A hydraulic press for perforating ingots and pressing them into the shape of. tubes, comprising a receiver for the ingot, amandrel adapted to introduce the ingot into the receiver and means for displacing the receiver relatively to and in the direction opposite to the movement of the mandrel, whereby the receiver moves with the displaced material; saidreeeiver being provided with releasable locking devicesto resist displacement of the receiver during the introduction of the ingot.

12. A hydraulic press for perforating ingots and pressing them into the shape ot' tubes, comprising a receiver for the ingot, a mandrel adapted to introduce the ingot into the receiver and means for displacing hlIG IQCGlVQI' relatively to and in the direction opposite to the movement of the mandrel, whereby the receiver moves with the displaced material; said receiver being provided with releasable looking devices to resist displacement of the receiver during the introduction of the ingot, and means antomatically releasing said locking devices at the commencement of the pressing opera tion.

' 1'3. A hydraulic press for perforating ingots and pressing them into the shape of .a tube, comprising-a receiver for the "ingot ancnt of the mandrel and means being provided to cause said displacement of the re-i ceiver, with the receding material displaced by the mandrel, during the perforating operation and means displacing the receiver in the opposite direction with the material displaced during the pressing operation, thereby reducing friction between the ingot and the receiver, said mandrel having a shoulder which engages the receiver to assist its movement with the displaced ma tcrial during the pressing operation.

14. A hydraulic press for shaping ingots, comprising a receiver, and a die operating in the receiver to shape the ingots; said die and receiver being constructed to leave an annular space between them for the escape of slag and impurities on the surface. of the ingot, whereby the shaped ingot is left free from such impurities; there being In. guiding websfor the die in the receiver adapted to slit the slag and skin passing through the annular space.

15. A hydraulic press for perforating ingots, comprising a receiver for the ingot and a mandrel cotiperating to perforate the ingot in the receiver; said mandrel being constructed hollow and provided with means for admitting and discharging a medium for cooling the mandrel during its work,-

said mandrel. being constructed with spray passages at its front end and provided with a cap fitting the mandrel to close said openings during the perforating operation, but removable to permit escape of the cooling medium during the movement of the man-" drcl in the opposite direction.

16. A hydraulic press for perforating ingots and thereafter pressing them into the shape of a tube, comprising a receiver for i the ingot, a mandrel adapted to perforate the ingot in the receiver and a dieoperating in the I'QCGRYEBL' to impart the Xt9f10f form to the tube by stroke in the opposite d1- rcct ion to the Working stroke of the man drel; said niaudrcl being constructed to deliver a cooling medium to the bore which it crates and means being provided to supply cooling medium to the mandrel; said supplying means being effective only after the mandrel has completed the perforation.

17. A hydraulic press for perforating ingots comprising a receiver for the ingot, a mandrel adapted to operate upon. tnc ingot in the receiver, constructed hollow to receive nosaeei acooling medium, and a combined lubrication and heat insulation covering on said mandrel to protect the mandrel against excessive heating and modify the cooling effect of the mandrel. upon the bore in the ingot.

18. A hydraulic press for perforating ingots, comprising a receiver for the ingot, a mandrel adapted to operate upon the ingot in the receiver, constructed hollow to receive a cooling medium, and a combined lubrication and heat insulation covering on said mandrel to protect'the mandrel against excessive heating and modify the cooling effect of the mandrel upon the bore in the ingot, said covering being constructed in the form of a tube passing over the mandrel.

19. A hydraulic press for perforating ingots, comprising a receiver for the ingot, a mandrel adapted to operate upon the ingot in the receiver, constructed hollow to receive a coolin medium, and acombined lubrication and reat insulation covering on said mandrel to protect the mandrel against for shaping the exterior of the ingot, and a ram for operating said mandrel and die;

said ram being provided with a hydraulic press through Which'it imparts thrust to the mandrel and which releases the mandrel after completion of the perforating stroke and. during the Working stroke of the die.

21. A hydraulic press for perforating in-- gets and pressing them into the form df a tube, comprising a receiver for the ingot, a mandrel for perforating the ingot, a die for shaping the exterior of the ingot, and a ram for operating said mandrel and d e said ram being provided with a hydraulic press through which it imparts thrust to the mam drel and. which releases the mandrel after completion of the perforating strokes and during the Working stroke of the die, adjust-able abutments being provided for said mandrel to arrest the latter after completion of its perforating stroke.

22. A hydraulic press for perforating ingots and pressing them into the form of a tube, comprising a receiver for the ingot, a mandrel for perforating the ingot, a die for siapiug'thc exterior of the ingot, and a ram for operating said mandrel and die; said ram being provided with a hydraulic press through which it imparts thrust to the manrel and which releases the mandrel after completion of the perforating stroke and during the working stroke of the die, the

mandrel being adapted to remain in its projected position until it is again carried along gets and pressing them into the form of a hydraulic pressure therein and tube, comprising a receiver for the ingot, a mandrel for perforating the ingot, a die for shaping the exterior of the ingot, and a ram for operating said mandrel and die;.said ram being provided with a hydraulic press through which it imparts thrust to the mandrel and which releases the mandrel after completion of the perforating stroke and during the working stroke of the die, said last named hydraulic press comprising a cylinder constructed in the ram and a iston working in said cylinder, subjected to adapted to bear against the mandrel. 24. A hydraulic" ress for perforating ingots and pressing t em into the shape of a tube comprising a receiver for the ingot a mandrel for pressing a bore through the 1ngot and a die for shaping the exterior of the tube; said mandrel being provided with an external enlargement corresponding in diameter to the external diameter of the tube to be pi'oduced and adapted to enter the opening of the die and sever the tube from the res due of the ingot.

25. In a hydraulic press having a ram for producing. tubes from metal blocks, a feeding cylinder, a plunger cooperating with the feeding cylinder, a return cylinder located within the feeding cylinder, and 'a' noload cylinder located within the plunger. of the feeding-cylinder, and at the same time serving as plunger for the return cylinder.

26. In a hydraulic press having a ram for producing tubes from metal blocks, a feeding-cylinder, a plunger cooperating with the. feeding-cylinder, a return cylinder located within the feeding cylinder, a no-load cylinlin this 15t der located within the plunger of the feeding-cylinder, and at the seine time serving as plunger for the return cylinder, 9. mandre -driving piston, a hydraulic press cylinder, and a cylindrical piston ,cotiperating with the hydraulic press-cylinder and servingas cylinder for the mandrel piston.

27. In a hydraulic press having a ram for producin tubes from metal blocks, a feeding cylin. er, a'pl'unger cooperating with the feeding cylinder, a return cylinder located within the feeding cylinder, and a no-load cylinder located within the plunger of the feeding-cylinder, and at the same time serving as plunger for the return cylinder; there being a cradle arranged to hold an ingot 00-,

axially to the press, a lifting-arm for said cradle, a suitable source of power adapted'td "constantly raise said lifting-arm, and a member carried by the ram, adapted to depress the'lifting-arm as the ram advances.

28. In a hydraulic press-having a ram for producing tubes from metal blocks, a feeding cylinder, a plunger cooperating with the feeding cylinder, a return cylinder located Within the feeding cylinder, and a nd-load cylinder located within the. plunger'of the feeding-cylinder, and at the same time-serving as plunger for the return cylinder; there being an advancing device comprising leverarms swingingly mounted upon the-plunger,

a centering ring against which said advanc- I ring, and means automatically removing the adyancing device after introduction 0 the centering ring, comprising an abutmentl' 'ever, and a fixed abutment bar.

The fore oing specification signed at Ber- Ii day of November, 1910.

I WILAND AsT a oK.

ing device bears'to introduce the centering I