US10487592B1

US10487592B1 - Multi-direction traversable drilling rig

Info

Publication number: US10487592B1
Application number: US15/970,608
Authority: US
Inventors: Ashish Gupta; Enrique Abarca
Original assignee: Nabors Drilling Technologies USA Inc
Current assignee: Nabors Drilling Technologies USA Inc
Priority date: 2018-05-03
Filing date: 2018-05-03
Publication date: 2019-11-26
Anticipated expiration: 2038-05-03
Also published as: US20190338600A1; RU2018120383A; CA3004427A1; CN110439472A; NO20180742A1; CA3004427C

Abstract

A land-based drilling rig includes a plurality of columns. Each of the columns is a polyhedron having a square base or is cylindrical. The land-based drilling rig further includes a drill rig floor coupled to the plurality of columns. The land-based drilling rig also includes a mast, the mast mechanically coupled to the drill rig floor.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

None.

FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE

The present disclosure relates generally to drilling rigs, and specifically to drilling rig structures for land drilling in the petroleum exploration and production industry.

BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE

Land-based drilling rigs may be configured to move from location to location to drill multiple wells within s a wellsite. It is often desirable to move the land-based drilling rig across an already drilled well within the wellsite for which there is a well-head in place. Further, mast placement on land-based drilling rigs may have an effect on drilling activity. For example, depending on mast placement on the drilling rig, an existing well head may interfere with the location of land-situated equipment such as, for example, existing well heads and may also interfere with raising and lowering of equipment needed for operations.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure provides for a land based drill rig. The land-based drilling rig includes a plurality of columns. Each of the columns is a polyhedron having a square base or is cylindrical. The land-based drilling rig further includes a drill rig floor coupled to the plurality of columns. The land-based drilling rig also includes a mast, the mast mechanically coupled to the drill rig floor.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The summary and the detailed description are further understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the present disclosure, there are shown in the drawings exemplary embodiments of said disclosure; however, the disclosure is not limited to the specific methods, compositions, and devices disclosed. In addition, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a land-based drilling rig consistent with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a front elevation of a land-based drilling rig consistent with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 is a side elevation from the off-driller's side of a land-based drilling rig consistent with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 is a side elevation from the driller's side of a land-based drilling rig consistent with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a land-based drilling rig consistent with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 is a perspective detail of a land-based drilling rig consistent with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 7 is a cross section of the walkers of a land-based drilling rig consistent with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIGS. 8A-8D are side schematic views of a walking land-based drilling rig consistent with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIGS. 9A-9C are overhead diagrammatic overhead views of a land-based drilling positioned over different well centers consistent with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present disclosure may be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description, taken in connection with the accompanying figures, which form a part of this disclosure. It is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the specific devices, methods, applications, conditions or parameters described and/or shown herein, and that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments by way of example only and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure. Also, as used in the specification, including the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include the plural, and reference to a particular numerical value includes at least that particular value, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The term “plurality,” as used herein, means more than one.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of land-based drilling rig 10 consistent with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Land-based drilling rig 10 may include drill rig floor 30 supported by columns 40. In some embodiments, drill rig floor 30 is fixedly attached to columns 40, such as by pinning or welding. Drill rig floor 30 includes driller's side 52, on which driller's cabin 54 is positioned or cantilevered from, and off-driller's side 56, which is the side of drill rig floor opposite driller's cabin 54. Drill rig floor 30 is further defined by V-door side 58, having V-door or opening 60 positioned thereon. V-door side 58 of drill rig floor 30 is adjacent slide 25 and catwalk 20. V-door 60 may be positioned between at least two of columns 40 on drill rig floor 30.

Choke house

80 may be positioned on or cantilevered to drill rig floor 30. In certain embodiments, choke house 80 may be positioned on choke house skid 82. Choke house 80 may include choke manifold 84. In certain embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3, drawworks 88 may be positioned on drill rig floor 30, a drawworks skid, or choke house skid 82.

Columns

40 may be polyhedrons having square base 42 and rectangular sides 44. In certain embodiments, the height of columns 40, as measured from square base 42 to drill rig floor 30 may be longer than the width of columns 40 as measured along square base 42. In other embodiments, the height and width of columns 40 may be the same. In other embodiments, columns 40 may be cylindrical. Columns 40 may be formed from structural supports, such as struts. While shown as having four columns 40, land-based drilling rig 10 may have any number of columns 40.

In the embodiments shown in the Figures, columns 40 may be positioned at or near edges 50 of drill rig floor 30, although such a position is non-limiting. In the embodiments shown in the Figures, as exemplified by FIG. 6, columns 40 are positioned such that distance A, A′ (wherein distance A is the distance between columns positioned on the V-door side of the land-based drilling rig and A′ is the distance between columns 40 positioned on the driller's side or off-drillers side) between any two columns 40 is sufficient to allow wellhead 90 to pass between columns 40 when land-based drilling rig 10 is moved within the wellsite. Distances A, A′ may be the same or different.

Mast

70 may be fixedly or pivotably coupled to drill rig floor 30. Mast 70 may include mast V-door side 72, which faces drilling rig V-door side 58. Mast V-door side 72 is an open side of mast 70. Equipment positioned within mast 70 may include travelling block 86 and top drive 74. Crown block 76 may be positioned on top of mast 70 and pipe rack 78 mechanically attached to mast 70.

In some embodiments, drill rig floor 30 may include one or more upper equipment support cantilevers 63. As depicted in FIG. 2, each upper equipment support cantilever 63 may be hingedly or fixedly coupled to drill rig floor 30 or at least one of columns 40. In some embodiments, upper equipment support cantilevers 63 may support one or more pieces of drilling rig equipment mechanically coupled to upper support cantilevers 63, including one or more of, for example and without limitation, mud process equipment, choke manifold 84, accumulator, mud gas separators, process tanks, trip tanks, drill line spoolers, HPU's, VFD, and driller's cabin 54. In other embodiments, mud gas separator skid 75 may mechanically couple to drill rig floor 30 and extend vertically downward from rig floor 30 to the ground level. In some embodiments, accumulator skid 48 may mechanically couple to columns 40. In some embodiments, additional equipment including, for example and without limitation, mud tanks, trip tanks, process tanks, mud process equipment, compressors, variable frequency drives, or drill line spoolers, may be coupled to drilling rig 10. In some embodiments, equipment coupled to drill rig 10, including, for example and without limitation, driller's cabin 54, choke house 80, mud gas separator skid 75, and accumulator skid 48, may travel with drilling rig 10 as it moves through the wellsite.

In some embodiments, as depicted in FIGS. 3, 4, 6, and 7, drilling rig 10 may include one or more hydraulic walkers 120. Hydraulic walkers 120 may be positioned at a lower end of one or more columns 40. In some embodiments, hydraulic walkers 120 may be hydraulically actuatable to move or walk land-based drilling rig 10 to a different location in the wellsite. In some embodiments, hydraulic walkers 120 may be operable to move or walk drilling rig 10 in any direction. In some embodiments, equipment positioned on upper support cantilevers 63 may be moved with drilling rig 10 as it is moved or walked.

A non-limiting embodiment of a hydraulic walker for use with drilling rig 10 is shown in FIGS. 8A-8D. Hydraulic walkers 120 may include walking foot 105 and hydraulic lift assembly 107 as depicted in FIG. 8A. Walking foot 105 may be a pad or any other structure configured to support the weight of drilling rig 10 and associated equipment during a walking operation as discussed herein below. Hydraulic lift assembly 107 may include one or more hydraulic cylinders 108 positioned to move hydraulic walker 120 between a retracted position, as depicted in FIG. 8A, and an extended position, as depicted in FIG. 8B. Hydraulic lift assembly 107 may be mechanically coupled to column 40 by mounting structure 110. Mounting structure 110 may include any mechanical fasteners, plates, or other adapters to couple between hydraulic lift assembly 107 and column 40. In some embodiments, mounting structure 110 may be an outrigger structure. In a walking operation, depicted in FIGS. 8A-8D, hydraulic walkers 120 may be positionable in a retracted position as shown in FIG. 8A. In the retracted position, column 40 may be in contact with the ground 115, allowing the weight of land-based drilling rig 10 to be supported by column 40. When hydraulic walker 120 is in the extended position, as depicted in FIG. 8B, walking foot 105 may support column 40 above the ground.

Once hydraulic walker 120 is in the extended position, sliding actuator 109 may be actuated to move walking foot 105 laterally relative to hydraulic lift assembly 107 from a first position to a second position as depicted in FIG. 8C. In some embodiments, one or more bearing surfaces, linear bearings, ball bearings, or roller bearings may be positioned between walking foot 105 and hydraulic lift assembly 107 as understood in the art to, for example and without limitation, bear the weight of drilling rig 10 and any equipment thereon during a walking operation. Sliding actuator 109 may include one or more hydraulic cylinders or other linear actuators 114 used to move walking foot 105 horizontally relative to drilling rig 10. For example, when walking foot 105 is in contact with the ground as depicted in FIG. 8B, the movement of walking foot 105 by sliding actuator 109 may cause drilling rig 10 to move along ground 115 to a position as shown in FIG. 8C. Hydraulic lift assembly 107 may retract, lifting walking foot 105 from ground 115 and allowing drilling rig 10 to contact the ground 115 as depicted in FIG. 8D. Sliding actuator 109 may be reactuated with walking foot 105 off ground 115 to cause walking foot 105 to be returned to its original position, resetting hydraulic walkers 120 to the first position as depicted in FIG. 8A.

FIGS. 9A-9C are schematic overhead views of placement of land-based drilling rig 10 over various wellcenters 200 in wellsite 210. As shown in FIGS. 9A-9C, because distances A and A′ are larger than the diameter of wellhead 90, land-based drilling rig 10 may be moved within wellsite 210 without disassembly and assembly of land-based drilling rig 10. Further, as hydraulic walkers 120 may be moved in any direction, V-door side 58 of drill rig floor 30 may be rotated so as to avoid interference with other wellheads 90 within wellsite 210.

One having ordinary skill in the art with the benefit of this disclosure will understand that the specific configurations depicted in the figures may be varied without deviating from the scope of this disclosure.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that numerous changes and modifications can be made to the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and that such changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of said disclosure. It is, therefore, intended that the appended claims cover all such equivalent variations as fall within the true spirit and scope of said disclosure.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A land-based drilling rig comprising:

a plurality of columns, the plurality of columns being either polyhedrons having a square base or generally cylindrical, wherein each of the plurality of columns includes an upper end and a lower end, and wherein the lower end of each column includes a hydraulic walker having a retracted position and an extended position;

a drill rig floor, the drill rig floor having an upper surface and a lower surface, wherein the upper end of each column is pinned or welded directly to the lower surface of the drill rig floor, and wherein the retracted position of each hydraulic walker is beneath the drill rig floor;

at least one equipment support cantilever, wherein the equipment support cantilever is hingedly or fixedly coupled to at least one of the drill rig floor or a column, and wherein the equipment support cantilever is adapted to support one or more pieces of drilling rig equipment mechanically coupled thereto; and

a mast, the mast mechanically coupled to the upper surface of the drill rig floor;

wherein the weight of the mast and drill rig floor is supported by the columns regardless of whether the hydraulic walkers are in the retracted position or the extended position; and

wherein the distance between two adjacent columns is A and the distance between two other adjacent columns is A′, wherein A and A′ are each greater than the diameter of a wellhead and wherein the land-based drilling rig is adapted to be moved away from a wellsite such that the wellhead passes between any pairing of columns forming distances A or A′.

2. The land-based drilling rig of claim 1, wherein the drill rig floor includes a V-door, a side of the drill rig floor having the V-door defining a V-door side of the drill rig floor, and wherein the V-door is positioned between at least two of the plurality of columns.

3. The land-based drilling rig of claim 1 further comprising a driller's cabin, the driller's cabin positioned on the upper surface of the drill rig floor or cantilevered from a driller's side of the drill rig floor.

4. The land-based drilling rig of claim 3 further comprising a driller's cabin, the driller's cabin positioned on the equipment support cantilever.

5. The land-based drilling rig of claim 1 further comprising a choke manifold, the choke manifold positioned on an off-driller's side of the upper surface of the drill rig floor.

6. The land-based drilling rig of claim 1, wherein each column has a square base and rectangular sides.

7. The land-based drilling rig of claim 6 having four columns, wherein each of the columns is positioned at or near edges of the drill rig floor.

8. The land-based drilling rig of claim 1, further comprising one or more of drill line spooler, hydraulic power unit, compressor, variable frequency drive, mud process equipment, choke manifold, accumulator, mud gas separator, process tank, or trip tank positioned on the upper surface of the drill rig floor or cantilevered from the drill rig floor.

9. The land-based drilling rig of claim 1, wherein the mast is fixedly coupled or pivotably coupled to the upper surface of the drill rig floor.

10. The land-based drilling rig of claim 1, wherein each hydraulic walker is hydraulically actuable to move or walk the land-based drilling rig to a different location.

11. The land-based drilling rig of claim 10 wherein the hydraulic walker comprises:

a walking foot;

a hydraulic lift assembly including a hydraulic cylinder coupled to the walking foot; and

a sliding actuator including one or more hydraulic cylinders coupled to the walking foot.

12. The land-based drilling rig of claim 11, wherein at least a portion of the hydraulic walkers is rotatable relative to the column.

13. The land-based drilling rig of claim 11, wherein the hydraulic walkers are adapted to move the land-based drilling rig by:

extending the hydraulic walker to the ground;

moving the hydraulic walker from laterally relative to the hydraulic lift assembly from a first position to a second position; and

retracting the hydraulic lift assembly, such that the walking foot is lifted from the ground.