US1047087A - Lighting-fixture. - Google Patents

Description

A. H. KROM.

LIGHTING FIXTURE.

APPLICATION FILED 1120.18, 1911.

Patented Dec. 10, 1912.

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. H. KROM.

TING FIXTURE.

APPL IIIIIIII ILED DEU. l 8 l 9 l 1. 1,04%08'7, Patented Dec. 10, 1912.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. tu, i312,

Application filed December "18, i911. Serial No. 566,629.

To au whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, Anya H. Kuoni, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and 'useful Lighting-Fixture, of which the following is a clear, concise, and full specification.

My invention relates to the class of indoor lighting fixtures in which the light is directed against a ceiling for diusion through the room. l

It consists of a novel arrangement of parts enabling the lighting to be done partly by the redirected rays and partly by direct rays from the lamp, whereby shadows are minimized, thereby producing a more pleasing and more economical ellect thtn when all of the lighting is done entirely by didnsion.

In its preferred form, my invention is particularly applicable to ceiling fixtures for use with incandescent electric lamps and is shownl in this application in the accorn panying drawings, which form a. part of this application.

In the drawings, Figure l is a vertical section through a single light fixture embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. Fig.l 8 is an enlargement 4of a partial horizontal section through Fig.

1 on the line 1 1. Fig. 4 is a vertical sectionof a four'light fixture embodying my l. invention. Fig. 5 is a plan. view of the same. Y

In the drawings, A is a holder, prefer# ably annular in shape, suspended from a diffusing plane or ceiling B, by chains C C and provided with a flange I).

E is a cushion, preferably a ring of soft felt, resting on the flange D and supporting the flange F of an inclosure G. The inclosure G is preferably a hemisphere of opalescent glass having a smooth inner surface, which will reflect some of the light striking it from within and which will be translucent to some of the light. H is another cushion, preferably a ring of soft felt, resting .upon the flange F and supporting a cover plate I, which cover is preferably of steel, coated on both sides with white enamel.

J is an opening in the'cover I for admitting the body of a reflector K made of translucent material, such as prismatic glass,

which rellector allows a portion of the light to pass through the same while redirecting another portion of the light.

L is a flange on the reflector K, and M is a cushion interposed between the L and the cover l when the reflector K is po'- sitioned in the opening J, the cushion M being preferably a ring of soft felt.

hl is a 'socket fastened to the reflector K by a screw ring 0. l

F is a lamp seated in the socket N and is preferably a tungsten filament lamp.

Q Q are Jflexible wires leading from theA U U are hools connecting the flange U l with the chains er" supporting members C C.

In Fig. l, linesf2 2 shoe1 va ray of light from the lamp reflected againstlibe ceiling from the inner surface of the rellector K and again reflected in a downward and out ward direction by the ceiling. `Linee 3 3 show a ray of light from the laine reected downwardly by the ceiling and striking the upper surface of the cover I. le this surface has a White reflecting coating` it will again reflect the ray 3 up against the eeil ing, as shown by the linel and the ceiling will reflect this ray in a downward :and outwardV direction, as shown by the line 41. Lines 5 5 show how a ray of light passing through the inner glass member is reflected by the under surface of the cover I in a downward and outward' direction, thereby utilizing the rays which strike the under surface of this cover. Lines 8 8 show rays of light passing through both the glass reflecting medium K and the inclosure G. Lines 9 9 show rays passing through the inner reflector K and reflected by the inner surface of the inclosure G against the under side of the cover I by which they are again reflected as shown by line 91. f

In F 3, lines 6 61 show how a ray of light refracted by one of the prisms on the glass reflector K is reflected back against the tube R by the inner surface of the i.n closure G. The tube R being coated with a White reflecting enamel, the ray l is again reflected in an outward direction, so as to shadow of the tube ll.

light the portion of the inclosure 7*?, which would otherwise show the strong The cushions ll, 'H and M not. only protect the glass-ware against the possible breakage due to a difference of expansion between the glass and the metal members of the fixture. or to breakage from sudden jarring. but also exclude dust from the part of the fixture intervening between reflector K. inclosure (l and the cover l. which dust would interfere, both with the reflection of the lightl by the glass ware and with the free passage of the light through the same. Should any dust still enterA in the course of time, the cover l, together with the reflector and lamp carried by it can readily be raised sufficiently to allow theinner surface. of the inclosure G and the outer surface of the reflector K to be cleaned, the flexibility of the wires Q---Q readily permitting such a raising of lthe cover.

there a number of lamps are to be grouped in a. single fixture, l provide the cover l with a number of openings as shown in Figs. Il and 5, each opening being tilted with a, separate glass reflector and lamp. ln such a multi-light fixture, l preferably run. thevwires Q-Q to a vertical central pipe lt, through which the wires are connected to the sockets N1 and N2 through auxiliary pipes R1 and R2. The outer surface of these pipes R1 and R2 are coated with a reflecting covering. preferably of baked enamel, which will reflect some of the rays of light striking these pipes, so as prac* ticallvto eliminate the shadows otherwise cast. by these pipes.

4By varying the number of openings in the cover and the number of reflectors and lamps, I can adapt my invention to any desired number of lights. By changing the shape of the reflector K, I can adapt it to various distances between the fixture proper and the ceiling or diusing medium A. Vhile 'I have spoken of these fixturesI as used in connection with a ceiling, itis evi dent that any substantially horizontal surface of a diffusing nat-ure placed above the fixture proper will answer regardless' of whether or not it also serves as the ceiling of the room. i

Since the intensity of illumination decreases rapidly with the distance from the source of light, it is also' evident that the lighting efficiency of the rays diffused by the ceiling` will be less than that of the rays passing direct through the inclosure to the` objects which are to be lighted. By thus dividing the light and using part of it in the form of direct rays (softened by the translucent inclosure) and part in the form of rays diffused by the ceiling7 l am able to obtain a lighting effect free from objectionable glare without the objectionable loss in efficiency met when all of the lighting is done by rays redirected from the ceiling. Moreover, by utilizing the cover surfaces as reflectors, l avoid the loss of light by absorption from such covers, which is an importantl item particularly where a number oflamp's are used iu a single fixture.

While l have shown and described my invention in its preferred embodiments,y l do not wish to be limited to the exact arrangement or shaninff of tbc various elements as shown am. described, as numerous modifications could be iliade in the same without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Vt'hat l. claim as new and desire to cover by Letters Patent lsv# l. A. lighting fixture` including a lamp; a translucent'. inclosure for the lamp, the said inclosure being open at thc top: a cover for the inclosure; an opening in the cover through which the lamp may project; uppcr and lower reflecting surfaces on oppo site sides of the cover; and a light diffusing medium above the cover and at some distance from it; the upper reflecting surface being so positioned as upwardly and outwardly to reflect. rays of light reflected downwardly against the said upper reflecting surface by the light diffusing medium; the under reflecting surface heilig so positioned that rays of light striking it from below will be reflected by it downwardly through the inclosure.

A lighting fixture including an/upwardly open translucent inclosure; a lamp mounted within the inclosure; a diffusing medium at some distance above the inelesure; a cover for the inelosur, the said cover having an opening opposite the lamp for allowing light. from the lamp to pass through the cover to the diffusing medium; the said cover having reflecting surfaces on its upper and lower sides; and a translucent reflector intermediate between the lamp and the inclosure, the said translucent reflector serving to directI a portion of light upwardly against the diffusing member While allowing another portion of the light to pass through the translucent reflector.

A lighting fixture including a substantially horizontal diffusing medium; an upwardly open translucent inclosureJ at some dist-ance below the saine; a cover for the inclosure, the said cover having a plurality of perforations; a translucent reflector mounted on each of the said perforations; a lamp mounted within each translucent reflector; each of the said translucent reflectors serving upwardly to direct part of the light of the lamp mounted withiiA said reflector: and reflect-ing surfaces on the upper and lower sides of the said cove.

4. A lighting fixture including a lamp; an inclosure for the same; a light refr-acting member intermediate of the lamp and the inclosure; wires for ,supplying current to the lamp; Vand 'a wire duct mounted within the nclosure, through which duct the wires pass to the lamp; the exterior of the said duct having a coating of light reecting material. j

5. A lighting fixture including a lamp; an inclosure for the same; a translucent reflector intermediate of the lamp and the in closure; a diffusing 'medium against which part of the light ofthe lamp is directed by the said translucent reflector; and dust excluding members for excluding dust from.

the interior of the said inclosure.

6. A lighting fixture including a lamp,

an upwardly open translucent inclosure for the light of the lamp is directed by the said ranslucent reflector through the perforation in the cover; and means for excluding dust from the chamber bounded by the inclosure, the cover and the translucent reiector.

Wtneqses:

'AMY SNAPP, l A. J. KImLLE.

ALVA HKROM.

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