US104439A - Improvement in apparatus for towing canaii-boats - Google Patents

Description

than of nie Cay', upny, and scalof New arm-k, have 1 nseot rails, cables, `or chainssuspended across erover ballowtheboatsto run under thesaine; also, Vby the use of enginesand machinery placed vin the boator boats,` of such kindand constructiouas shall be necesl 4sary to wk'onf said suspended rails, cablcs,'o`r chains .ina 'Way terrorel the bqatferbeats rails, cables, or lchains sl'ispendecioverI thecanals, with k The second part of-the ,inyentiou,..

o lto the construction andjoperationofjthe machinery i `z. y placedtinthe; boatfwllichA acts` gn- `the. said rails,'cables. or chains, to propel thelboatpv'ill `bemade the subject i of anotherpateutfand will not bejdescribed here.. y To. enable othe1s'.,skilied-in thelartto make. nseof our invention, we wiliproceed to describe, the precise 1 `construction and operation ot' thefrst partfthereof. l

j 'lheih-e,arefouusheetso f I l wingmakingpart of In, all `the ,drawing ,liliefiguresrepiesent `like parts.

` .specht/ely, sidetelevation,r planfandend elevation of, a portion of the canal, with'avre cables suspended over supporting thecabls v i Sheet .NW2

jblcs, and rods, withthe methods of .constructing andiauttachingthe same, togetlierwithall the d etails nec'- essary thereto.-

`sides of theioanal. Jlheyarejdriven firmly in the. earth as piles, orset iu masonry or timber, as may be found be made` firm` y in theirsetting-, to provide especially.

. We, ALBERT H. Exvr'almf and GABniEnLEynnrcnf inventcda new andimproved System of "Steam 'Tow-` age on Canals, ofA which the followingis a specification.

l Our'inventionconsists in providing means totow` or i i propelboatson canals and nayigable.rivers,without the propelling power acting directly `upon, thewater, bythe ntheretotheentire'length, and'at a heightv s'utiicientto Itimbors,or castings placed in the ground.

In many eases, they may be advantageously secured f by driviugpiles firmly into the ground, then ,passing 4 ,Y y the bracerods No. 37 through them, and drawingnp i y n The first part of the invention, viz., thatv relating; to @the constructionsnspension ope1ation, `and useof the all the details necessary,therefonjs the part of the-inf tively, a:-side,eleyjation, plan,1apd end .elevation off -a u l also, a boat, showing, in. plan and end retention, fthej-,rnethod o ,connecting the machinery most.eonneni'eutqatthe place of .erection` They should *1; ingegeven/mnt In APBRTUS PoR `roxanne CANALLBQATS;

' helclidule refen'edto 'nfthese Iletters Patent part of tnesame. l I i `against settling, as aheavy downward pressure is put.l

upon them. vThey may bemade of cast iron. Imade v of wood, they should be. treated bythe Robbins, or a other reliable process, to prevent decay.: i p Y upper end with a east-iron-cap, 16 and `17, Sheet No.` 4. f

y Through .this cap an Iiron rod or bolt, No. 38, shownV Y only in vjigs. .16 and 17, Sheet No.4, ,runs into the `,Ap"osts.; 'lhislbolt secures brace-rods No. 37, shown in iigsxl andv17, VSheet No. 4,;anilin all `the iigures of4 f fsheetslN os..1 .and 2. "These brace-rods No. 37- must be firmly anchored to contiguous rocks, or to masonry on Sheets Nos. l and `2, and are pieces No. 59.

. Having firmly secured four f the posts No. 39 in their position, two on one side of theoanal and close fto the edge of the water, and two on the 'opposite side just outside of the tow-path, and atsuitable distances 'from each other-, weI nextfsuspend five. metal rods, (usually of iron,) pieces Nos. 6, 7,5, 6, and?, across y the-canal, and'secure them to' the tops `of the pests= No. 39, asl shown pin igsf 16 and` 1-7, `Sheet-No. 4, and I of such lengths: that piece No. 5 will hang about one V,foot below -theftop -of the posts No. 39.-- The posts should be of such length that the rod' 5. will not be i f Iowcnthan thennder side ofithefbridges over the 4'ca- Itsho'uld usually be-afew ineheshighenf Roda No. 5 should have a turn-buckle placed. in it, (piece `62,)asshowninig. 6, sheet- 2. The two adjoining posts shouldlbe .placed so that the an'gle at B, sheet 1, between the rods and 7, is aboutuinety degrees, the relations between the lengths,included angle, and consequent strain upon them, being sucuh :that,"withf this angle, the least amount of material is required in f thema .a i y l nal.

- a Having secured one'set of flour posts, by their braces No.` 37,a nd suspendedtherods Nos. 6 '7"5 6 I'7,- we next erect another set of four posts, No. 39, and v .secure by braces No. 37,-auchored, as before, andsusi pend .from their top rods 6, 7 5, 6,'and 7, as before, and continue thence these f sets, at suitable distances,` over theentire canal..v We usually put the lposts in fsuch positions as to, bring rods No. 5fron'1- onehundred and.l `fty to two hundred and fifty feet apart. Y A distance i. of twoh'undred feet-is very good. If .tlietraflic is not largeon the oanahwe'may dispense with. piece No. 5, and use but one rail orcable 4parallel with the canal. Boats-running `either way will then make use of thc-'same cable; but, when the www l When made of wood,.theyshould becapped ou the ,i as shown inflligures traffic is large we prefer two cables. or rails, as shown Vin vall the plans on Sheets Nos. 1 and 2, when two cables or rails are -used, so that boats running one way always make use ofthe same cables or rails, andboats running the other way always usetbc other. We may make rods 6 and 7 of different sizes, proportional to the strain that shall come on them; .but these strains are the same if boats run both ways on the same cable or rail.

Pieces Nos. 5, 6, and 7, are connected, as shown at A, fig. 5, sheet 2, and A. A', Figures 29 and 30, sheet 3, where they are bolted or riveted to piece 1, by means of bolts or rivets No. 4 or they are fastened together as shown at B,vfig. 2, Sheet N o. 1, and B B, Figures 12, 13, 14, and 15, sheet 4, where they are riveted or bolted to piece No. 35 by rivets or 'bolts No. 34.

They may also be fastened together, as shown, by being made of the form shown in figs. 13 and 14, sheet 4, and then riveted or bolted to piece No. 12e, Figure 36, sheet 3, or to piece No. 30, Figures 22 and 24, sheet 3.

They may be fastened together, also, by being strung on the bolts No 51, Figures 7, 8, and 9, sheet 4, or on bolt No. 58, Figure l0, sheet 4, or bolts No. 12, Figure 35, sheet 3, where they are held in position lby lock-nuts No. 10; or, they are bolted or riveted together by two bolts passing through them, and pieces 12, as shown in Figures 33 and 34, Sheet No. 3, sus-- pended over the canal, and parallel thereto, on the cables 26 26, shown in plan, and two elevations in figs. 1, 2, and 3, sheet 1; or the rails 2 2, shown in figs 4, 5, and 6', in elevation, plan, and elevation in figs. 4, 5, and 6, sheet 2.

A, chain may be used instead of cable or rail, hut we prefer rails of suitable section. The H-section has many advantages over all other forms for this purpose, on account ofthe facility of' splicing and supporting it, without the splicing and supports interfering with the machinery that runs upon or against it. When an H- section rail is used, the machinery used to run against it to propel the boat is much simpler than if a cable isy used, and both the machinery and rails are much more durable than are the cables, and the machinery necessary to work with them.

Thecables are suspended by passing through the loops or bands, pieces N o. 30, figs. 22 and 24, sheet 3, or by passing through pieces No. 31, figs. 12, 13, and 15,' sheet 4, in each of which cases the band is firmly fixed to the cable by means of 'the rivets or bolts 41--41 in figs. 22 and 24, or 32--32 in figs.12, 13, and 15.

These band 30 and 31 may, if necessary to prevent slipping through them, be sotdered4 to the cables.

These bands are xed, by rivets or bolts, to pieces No. 35, 5, 6, and 7. The rails 2 2 are suspended, by being bolted or riveted, to pieces No. 50--50 by bolts or rivets N o. 49, as shown in figs. Nos. 7, 8, and 9, at M, sheet 4, by being bolted or riveted to pieces No. 55 by bolts or 'rivets No. 57, figs. 10 and 11, sheet 4, by being bolted o r riveted to pieces No. 13 by bolts or rivets No. 3, shown in figs. 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, and 36, where pieces Nos. 50, 55, and 13 are supported by the bolts Nos. 51, 58, or 12", which pass through the ends of' pieces 5, 6,.and 7, or by bolt No. 12, secured to pieces 5, 6, and 7, bypassing through the band N o. 9, which is riveted or bolted to Nos. 5, 6, and 7, and where 12 is kept from slipping in N o. 9 by the use of the nuts Nos. l0 10. Or pieces Nos. 50, 55, and 13 are supported by bolts 12 and 12, bolted or riveted directly to pieces 5, 6, and 7.

Rails No. 2 2 may'also be supported as shown in Figures 29 and 30,' sheet 3, where they are bolted or riveted directly to piece No. l by bolts or rivets No. 3, this piece No. 1 being bolted or riveted directly to pieces Nos. 6, 5, and 7 by bolts or rivets No. 4.

Piece No. 1fig's. 29and 30,'sheet 3, and piece-No.

50, gs. 7 and 8, sheet 4, may each be made .of one piecc,or they may, for convenience of manufacture, be made in' two pieces.

In one span of the rails 2 2, reaching' from A to H, fig. 5, sheet 2, cach rail is usually made up of a short heavy piece, 2, from four to ten feet long at joints A and H, and two long pieces, about one hundied feet long, spliced together at the center of the span, and spliced to the heavy pieces 2" at A and This heavy piece 2 at the place of support 1s -needed on account of the extra strain' at that place.

This splicing is accomplished as shown at O and Q in figs. 7 and 8, sheet 4, where we'make a splice in such a way as not to weaken the rail, by first upsetting the end of the small rail sufficiently to make the holes for the bolts or rivets 48 and 54 without reducing the section of the rail below the average section elsewhere, and then bolt or rivet the railstogether by means of the bolts or rivets 48 and 54 and pieces 46 and 47, or 52 and 53.

Tile pieces 46 and 47, or 52 and 53, should fill the space between the flanges of the rail, and be of such thickness that, after they have been drilled for the bolts 48 or 54, their minimum section will he equal to the average section of the long rails.

The pieces 52 and 53 are welded to the end of the long rail7 to avoid riveting or bolting.

The heavyvrail is, of course', weakened by the rivets or bolts passing through it, but is still as strong as the light rail at its average section.

The rails or cables are put under heavy tension when erected, so as to bring them upto a nearly horizontal position; but a rail of two hundred feet in length may sag one or two feet in the center.

Both rails and cables are constantly changing their length on `account'of the change of temperature; and thischange of length changes the sag or deflection of the rail or cable. l

Should this change or deflection be so much as to trouble ns, it lmay be corrected in the rail by making the joint at the point of support, as shown in figs. 31 and 32. or 33 and 34, where the strains on thcrails 2 2 are carried hy the lugs 13 to the springs No. 8; thence to nuts N o. 11 and bolts l2 or 12.

It will be' observed that, as the rails contract, they will compress the springs (if` these are properly proportioned) without increasing the strains on the rails sufficiently to injure them; and, when the rails cxpand, the springs expand also, and so keep the rails from sagging too much. i

In fig. 35, we show four springs to a single joint, whereby the strain on such spring is but half as much.

In figs. 35 and 36, we show a steel coil-spring, No. 14, filled with rubber, while in figs. 31, 32, 33, and 34 we show involute springs, No. 8; but any convenient form which is suicicntly stiff, and not too bulky, may be used.

The joint may be made as at fig. 36, except with the springs left out, and the dccction adjusted from time to time, as the temperature changes, by simply turning the nuts No. 11; and this bolt, if used as an adjusting-bolt, may, perhaps, better be placed at the splice in the center ofthe span. This joint-will then best hc madcby placing pieces No. 13 on each side of the rail; that is, top and bottom opposite to each other, as shown at 36, and then the strains on pieces 13 will be but half as much as on those in fig. 36.

We may also arrange them in this way, and use the springs No. 14 or 8, and the loads on the springs and strains on the pieces 13 will be but half as much, and, being on opposite sides of the rail, will not strain the rail so much, there being no tendency to rotation when so placed.

We have shown in fig. 36 this joint at the center of the span, with the bolts 12d on both sides of the rails, and springs on one end of the bolt 12d. We

of part of the strain,

3 and4, wherepieces 18 and `27, gs. 25, and 22, and 24, are made'of convenient sizeand fornito act as a post .and nut. y with the foot bolted to piece'130, as shownin figs. 22 and 24, sheet 3;r orthey may hebolted to piece 35, `figs.v 13 and 15, 30, sheet3; or they l'may have a.tenon` on their foot Send, which may sit ,in a' step prepared and fastened to any of the rpieces. 30, l `they are tobe used* n I Piece 27,gigs. 22`and `123, has supporting-lugs at- `the top, on which rests the ring 28', to which `are se cured the rods 21,1shown1 in fig.:

`ig.r 25, sheet 3, has these `rods 21 directlytolugs 19, cast on its upper end.

i i ShWll at C infigal i I purpose of keeping Pieces27 or 18 in an upright poi sition.xv l Y turnedby their heads `16, as ,shown in figs. 22 and 25,

i 1 sheet 3, or figs. 1 and 3,' sheet 1.

t l These screws carry a saddlepiece, No. 15, over i which .pass cables `or rod-pieces 23 or 22, as shown at .E or D in lfig. 1, sheet 1.1 i

.l the mainl cable26by 1 as shownat figs. 18 and 19, sheet 4, where the rivets -.se`curethe band from slipping. `They may be soldered i `-and livets 42,'shown `in iigs. 26 and 21, sheet 4, and

j 25, shown in figs. 27 and 28, sheet 3, solder being used, u if neccssary,in` each case.`

,or-rails, and properly secured .them in their places l in the boat-piece, No; 60, an engine, boiler, and 'ma- ,Nos 6161,

if we choose, or

springs, having the nutstnrnedffrom time to time, to

`e upor` correct forexpansion or contraction.

As therail expands and deilectsmore, itloses part o@ its initial strain1 of l tensionl Y placed therein when `erected but removing the tension i from a barallows itto contractysogthat `this contraction, from removal tendsto correct thc expansion from the heat, and does correct a very sensible portion of such expansion. 1 7 f l In thense'oflong spanspwelmayprevent excessive deflection bythe use of the elevating-pieces D and E,

The details of mismanagement are suceden sheets They are usually iliade oi' cast-iron,

sheet `4, orpiec'e No. 1, figs. 29 and `31,`and 3,5, or piece 1, with which 23, while piece 18, secured by bolts 20 These rods.` 21.` are fastened to rods 5, 6,and7, as and 3, sheet 1, and serve the screwing *into piecew`27 er; 18`are1screws No. 17,

`If a cablepiece,23, is usedpit maybe fastened to means'of' band 44 and rivets 45,

in the bandspif necessary," to prevent slipping.

Thescattachmentsfare shown in side elevations at F F', iig. 1, sheet`-1. If rods 22 areused, theyarc attached bybands 43 at L L in iig. T1, sheet 1, orvby band 24 and nuts 25 l When these pieces are all intheir places, by turning up the screws 16 17 we raisc'the saddle-piece Y15,

cables at :the points of at- Havingerected suitableposts, rods, chains, cables,

with asuitable amount of deilection, we next place chinery necessaryto apply and operate the-two wheels rails will prevent their slipping as rment in a.`.l1orizontal direction.

for the purposes set forth.

whchare constructedwith iianges and" faces suitable to runon chains,`cables,

theiriction-between them andthe chains, cables, or they roll, and, as the boat without and carry, propel, or

they are rotated by the engine in slipping, they are carried along, towtlie boat along with them.

- The descriptionof the machinery to run"tlese Y wheels' will be made the subject of another patent.

In ixing upon the proper distances between pieces 5 5, which constitute one span or'section, weniay, if

we ch'oose, make this distance quite large, and then provide an intermediate support or supports, which `shallbe of a kind simply to keep the rail or cable from sagging, `which supports on curves should also sustain the cablcor rail, and prevent it from more-f Having thus described our invention,

What we here claim, and desire to secure by LettersjPatent, is`` 1. The combination and arrangement of the suspending-rods 6 7 5 6 7 `with the suspended rails 2 2 or cables 26 2,6, when suspendedover a canal, as and 2.. The combination and arrangement of the sus- -pendingrods 6' 6 7 with the suspended rail 2 or ca-' ble 26, when suspended over a canal, as and for AtheV purposes 'set' forth.

3. The combinationand arrangement,uiu each span or section of the suspended rail 2, of a short heavyrail, 2', joined at each of its extremities to a long light rail, 2, forth. p

` 4. lllhe combination and arrangement oftwo sets of the suspending-rods, 6 7, 6 7, and 6 7, 6 7, with the rail `2, under tension, for the purpose set forth. 5. 'lhe combination and arrangement of twosets of the suspending-rods, 6 7 5 67 and 6 7 5 67, and rails 2 2, or'cables 26 26, with the rails or cables underA i' tension, as and for the purposes set forth.

l 6. The combination and arrangement of the rails 2- 2, .lugs 13, 13, 13, 13,-bolt 12", nuts'll, 11, 11, 11, and springs- 14, 14, 14, 14, as and for the purposes set forth.

7. The combination and arrangement of the cable 2 6, band 30, rivets 41, and supporting-rods 6, 7, 5, as v and for the purposes set forth.

8. The combination and arrangement of the rail 2,-

vlngs'l 1, supporting-rods 5 6 7, and bolts or rivets 4 4, as and for the purpose set forth.

9. The cngibination and arrangement of the rails 2 2, lugs 13 13, springs 8 8, bolts 12, nuts 10 10, :l1 11,

and suspending-rods 5 6 7, as and for the purpose set forth.

10.` The combination and arrangement of the rail 2, lng 50, holt 5l, and rodsL 5 6 7,' as and for the purposes set forth. 7 l o 11. The combination and arrangement of the band 30, post 18, supporting-rods 5 6 7, ixing-rods 21 21 21, screw and nut 17 16, saddle 15, cable 26, and rod or cable 22, as 'and for the `purposes set forth.

A. H. EMERY.

GABRIEL LEVERICH.

`Witnesses:

A. DOYDEY, W. BINQHAM.

or railsLagainst l which theyare irmly'passed, to slich'an' extent that substantially as and for'the purposes set l l

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