US1042778A

US1042778A - Receiver for electromagnetic waves.

Info

Publication number: US1042778A
Application number: US25153805A
Authority: US
Inventors: Reginald A Fessenden
Original assignee: NAT ELECTRIC SIGNALING Co
Current assignee: NATIONAL ELECTRIC SIGNALING Co; NAT ELECTRIC SIGNALING Co
Priority date: 1905-03-22
Filing date: 1905-03-22
Publication date: 1912-10-29
Anticipated expiration: 1929-10-29

Description

315551" nimm-LE CGW mA, PBSSBNDEN. y RECEIVER FOB ELECTBOMAGNETIC WAVES.

Patented Oct. 29, 1912.

4 SHBBTSASHBBT 1.

FIGA. y'

MM? f WITNESSES:

Rg f1. ESSENDEN. RGEIVER FOR BLEGTROMAGNETIG WAVES. APPLICATION FILED MAR, 22, 1905.`

44 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patenmd 001;.29Q1912.

` R. A. FESSBNDEN. RECEIVER FOR ELECTEOMAGNBTIG WAVES.

APPLIGATION FILED MAErZB, 1905. 1,042,778, Patented oen-29,1912

' 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

@.@wum

R. A. FESSENDBN. RECEIVER POR BLECTROMAGNETIG WAVES. APPLICATION FILED MAR.22.1905. I,;2,??8 Ila-cem@ @en 29, m2

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4 Allectronniltgnetic Waves, ot Wh :li

ivpe ot' receiver in which the Waves are w" CT OF COLUMBIA, ILSSIGNGP. TG

replication 'filed Marcia ,1 ncsa-7i lineman) ton, in the ot have l and useful lmprovenientey in l'eceiverss Ytar the tollowingr is a specification.

The invention herein described relates to receiversy `t'or Wireless Signaling and more which the waves are caused to produce dictlv ine-clinical effects instead of to prf :if-c direct ettrical elle-cts such as changcoinluctirit-.iv or continuity ot a local y and to Securing the necessary persist, ence of eli'ecl.

Linnibarticularlv still it relates to a new f ansed to act directly upon moving bodies in gtionalor ilrictional relation to varj.7 Such relation. The specific factor ot frictional i'l'ec'i which i Varied directly by the electro-magnetic wares is that knoivn technicall the Afunout of friction.

.mention therefore involve' lni two condizctere. one :vit them preferably aV eolid` angfed to develop t' l or with or W 1' ilonal tti ,out contact. le parte, lranrnni'tti or tendire i* i irai ninA n: the iii'mliliraiion l streift the olectrmag'i vc fina ly the utilization the cha ot eti tendency tzr movement et one oi" toe bei in the diz i fr? the `other in gir-)portion to theesnfmnt et the 'liriciionand the con terbalancing lor/:e a= in the oppwruto direction. ,inv variati. in frieti' b'v the 1 action oi lli: elec'ro-inagnetir waves e, rwth-Jr l i lire;

;ti\'el v eonnected in ala11cee`l bv Stre in the obpvsite direi:`

o. decrease, willA imbalance 'the normally balanced forces and cause bodily movement ot' the normally balanced member 55 eithein the direction of the frict-ional stress or in tl direction of the counterbalanoin torce ac -ording as the etl'ect ot' the electrd magnetic waves is to decrease or increase the total amount of friction. ln moet cases. l prefer toarrange matters so that the total amount of 'friction will be increased by aiectiiig an increase in the value of the factor known as `the co-elicient of friction. er the pressure ot'the magnetic friction.

figureel l, 2, 3 and 4 of the iilraivingss show partly in diagram certain forms in which l have embodied my invention. 'lllhey also show similar forms in which the persi. 'ence oi, effect necessary to practical operation is 7 secured. Figs. 5 to 1l show other ferme. Fig'. l2 is a vier part-ly in section and partly in elevation, illustrating a modification of iny improvement; Figs. 13 and 1l show in elevation and plan a further modification of the invention.

ln l l have shown the frictional strees developed between a rotating wheel l, which may be driven by cloclnvorl: or bv an induction or other motor and a body 2 resting -against l and tending to follow the direction ot inovennnt of the latter but reua'rained and eounterlialanced in such movehv the diaphragm 3 with which it. tm This diaphragm ie preferably ver;7 thin and correspondingly delicate.

f. 4otatmg Wheel 1 may be made or silver, nickel, l() per cent1. bismuth-g i alloyV er ailier suitable material and the body 2 inajv be a piece of thin gold leaf, thcugh do not confine nrvsel'f'to t-his'particular material :1a amalgamated cagper foil may be used enecially when amalgamated copper s used lor the wheel. Thie receiver is, opera any desired receiving` cil-ruit, as example, brv connecting;r the badi' to the vertical l and the wheel to the connection 5.

n fperation the `wheel Vl is rotated and the bril-a re ting against its periphery iss pulled or pushed as the case may be in the itY '.:n of nievenient ci the wheel to an dem ifgling upon the co-etlicient at CIJ u it i splaced, to a greater or less eX- t'- depending upon the friction, as shown in il le'. 6. lvvpon the receipt of the electrical oscillations by the antenna 8, the vwire il is still further magnetlzed and the friction increased. rrhereby the Wire 11 1s drawn still further to one side. and an indi-y cation is produced on the Siphon recorder telephone 29.

8; 10, show tivo other' forms, 9 and' ll being plan views. In Fig. 8, 31 is the antenna grounded at 32, and the Waves pass through two

electromagnetic coils

33, 34, which may hare magnetic cores as shown, in which case the cores are formed of very r'ine iron Wire. rThese cores are caused to revolve by a pulley 36. 57 are sliding contacts in the form ot bunches attached to the coils and engaging the fixed rings 36a and for leading the highly oscillatory currents and the current from the potentiometer 38 into and out of the

coils

33, 34. is a disk supported by the tine wire 4Q which is suspended from another tine wire 4i. This disk carries a contact arm 42. In operation the magnets 34, revolve and in revolving drag around the disk 39 to an extent depending upon the current flowing from the potentiometer 38. This current is so adjusted 'that the contact arm 42 does not niake'confact normally 'with the .fixed contact 43. When however, the oscillatory currents dos* through trom the antennre through 'the coils il?. the torque or magnetic triction of the disk Si) altered and the contact arm i2 makes contar with the lined contact fifi. and the current trom the local battery 4l tion'n l mechanism 45, thereby producing an indication.

ln Fig. l() a single annular coil 46 is used instead ot the two coils 33 $34, with sliding contacts il?, 38. as before. The annular coil is driven by the pulley and the cylindrical tubos between which the'coil h3 is Wound Visor" insulating material. ln this i stead o. the dislc 39 athin iron wire around by the magnetic fricii hue iron wire carrying the contact 'l being. "laped to malie contact te mechanism shown in contact i'.

g through the circuit actuates the In the plan views shown inlligs. 9 and ll the numbers have the same signiicance as in the elevations.

F ig. 12 shows another embodiment orp the invention in which 50 is the antenna grounded at 5]. and 52 a coil through which passes the high frequency oscillations and also the current from the potentiometer 53; 54, 55 being choke coils 56 the line Wire ot magnetic material, preferably iron, bent at the point 57, so asv to come nearly in contact with the rapidly revolving pulley shaped disk or Wheel 58, made preferably ot copper, and driven by alternator 62. 59 is a very thin piece of mica or glass so arranged as to lie between the surface ot pulley 5S and the tine iron Wire 57. 60 is a. quartz fiber or fine wire supporting the tine iron Wire 56; and 61 is a nut for adjusting the position of the fine iron wire. In'practice the Wheel 58 revolves very rapidly, the fine Wire 56 being magnetized to any extent from Zero upward to that desired by means of a potentiometer 53. Ther action of the rapidly revolving disk 58 pulls the fine Wire 56 to one side, into a steady position, which may be called the zero position. On the passage of the highly oscillatory currents through the coil 52, the magnetization in the iron Wire 56 is altered, which in turn alters the amount of the interaction between the revolving Vvvheel 58 and the iron Wire 56 so that the position of the iron Wire is shifted 4from Zero and an indication is produced either visual, as shown, or mechanical, as shown in Figs. 5 and 7. The object of the thin piece of mica or glass 59 is to prevent the action of the air currents from causing motion to the Wire 56, and such a diaphragm may also be used in other tor-ms where actual contact is not necessary to produce the friction, for example, in Fig. 10.

In Fig. i3 is shown another form in'which a disk of copper, 63. is mounted on the hol,` low shaft 64, and driven by a mechanism ln 'this form the oscillatory currents from the antennae 66, flow through thc coils 67, 68, to groulnd at 6). These-two coils are supported oula horizontal arm which is in turn supported by a wire 7l. and the horizontal arm carries the contact arm 72, adapted to malte contact with the fixed contact 73, and thereby closes the local circuitthrough the battery 74. and imlicating mechanism T5. A potentiometer 76 may be used to cause a constant current to tlow through the coil 6T, 68, and thereby adjustv the position of the horizontal arm T0. The passage ot' the high frequency? oscillations from the antenna,` through the coils 6T, 68., cause a change in the amount ot drag ot thovdisli '6I-l. and thcrel'iy closes the contat-

ls

72, 73, and operates the im'licaliug mechanism 5"5.

Fig i-lis a plan View otl the apparatus.

The coils 6T, '(38 and the arm 7() should be as pui imc @spouse t0 tu produce 70 im@ l "3 Sist imm bemaui vwl 9.111 apparat-us, for electromagnetic Wave raneous with the duration lthereof, substantelzegaphy, the combination of two bodies lially as described.v 10

:uid'meansor maintaining Vahem with cfm- 111 testimony whereof, I hayehereunto set "dition of trctional stress between them and my hand. nnioving one (1f-them at high Velocity and REGNALD A. FESSIINDEN,A

-mfehs for alterilig seid trectional relation Witnesses:

.by jthe :agency of prolonged tira'ms of waves, -THoas P. Bmvwi,A ,.--miegeiect of azhe Waves Aeinig contempo- LEONA FEATHEBS.