US1042339A - Multiple loom. - Google Patents

Description

G. GRATREAQ.

MULTIPLE LOOM.

APPLIGATION FILED MAE.15,1911.

1342,339 Patented Oct. 22, 1M2.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

G. GRATREAU.

MULTIPLE LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.15, 1911.

Patented 0013.22, 1912.

"UNITE @TATES PATENT EXCEED GEORGES GRATREAU, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR T SOCIETE DU TISSAGE VELOX, 0F

PARIS, FRANCE. I

MULTIPLE LOOMT a time and arranged for simultaneously operating two or several shuttles have in the practice failed to give satisfactory results.' It has vfor example been proposed to modify each shuttle box and to provide it with several superposed compartments, the partitions serving as guides for the several shuttles which are simultaneously struck and sent through the sheds formed from the warps by-the displacement of the leaves. Then the warps may be considered to be simply superposed and the displacement of their threads by the leaves upward and downward to be effected as if each piece of fabric alone were woven, in other words the loom may be considered to be simply constituted by the disposition of several warps,

like or not, one above the other and of separate shuttles and independent shuttleboxes proper for the various warps.

For effecting the. transverse motion of superposed shuttles it has been proposed to employ as many reeds as there were warps, and more particularly double lays have been used in the case of the simultaneous weaving of two pieces of fabric on the loom. Also a third warp, in the case of weaving plushes for example, has been employed, which warp was utilized only for supporting the upper shuttle. Besides this, since the two warps were to converge on the breast-beam of the loom, it was necessary to dispose the mails in the heddles on the leaves in two convergent planes, so that the threads of the upper and lower warps could respectively pass through the mails. Then 1t was impossible to vary at will the tension.

of the warps, more particularly that of the upper warp, which always relaxed a little. From this of course an irregularity resulted in the formation of the fabric, which prejudiced the good output. Also this disposition does not permit to weave on the loom pieces of fabric of a smaller width than that of the reed of the lay, that is the Specification of Letters Patent. 4

. Patented @ct. 22, 1193912.

Application filed March 15, 1911. Serial No. 614,529.

width between the inner openings of, the two shuttle boxes. The disposition of the mails of the heddles and of the correspondlng warps in convergent planes had the result, that the pieces of fabric produced were applied one on the other during their passage over the breast-beam before they were wound together round the cloth-beam or severally round separate cloth-beams, so that it was impossible to examine the lower piece of fabric during the work.

My invention relates to improvements in such multiplelooms, whereby thesaid drawbacks are avoided, so that the simultaneous weaving of two or several pieces of fabric is rendered easy and safe, while the exami nation of the lower pieces of fabric during the work is rendered possible. f

One improvement consists in the disposition of a single box at each end of'the lay for all the shuttles, the box having no dividing partition at all.

Another improvement consists in the direct superposition of the several shuttles in the box, without the interposition of any dividing plate, guide or other supporting piece, in such a manner, that the lower or lowest shuttle serves as a guide and support for all the other shuttles.

A third improvement consists in the disposition of the several warps and consequently also of the mails in the heddles on the leaves in essentially parallel horizontal planes and no longer in convergent planes as hitherto. Thereby the important advantage is obtained that the tension of the several warps can be regulated at will indepen ently of one another and in accordance with the kind of fabric which it is desired to obtain.

A fourth improvement consists in the disposition of superposed temples for the several pieces of fabric in combination with guides either before or behind or both before and behind the temples, which, guides extend over the whole width of the warp and serve for keeping the pieces of fabric in a plane smooth state.

A fifth improvement consists in the disposition of at least one spacing guide for each piece of fabric above the breast-beam, so that the several pieces of fabric are at a vertical distance from one another larger than the distance between any two superposed warps. Thereby free spaces are -formed, which facilitate the examination Figure 1 is the front view of the left shuttle-box of an improved multiple loom with two superposed of thelay and its reed, Fig. 2 is a diagram of the loom, all the threads of each warp being disposed in the same plane before the actuation of the leaves, Fig. 3 is another diagram, in which the leaves have been actuated for producing the sheds for the passage of the two shuttles, and Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section through the said multiple loom.

Similar letters of reference refer to similar parts throughout the several. views.

The shuttles a: (Fig. 1) are directly superposed in either shuttle-box b fastened on the lay a, which carries the reed all in the ordinary manner. The shuttles a are subjected to the action of the same picker 6 in either shuttle-box Z) which picker may be operated a whip, sword or other appropriate device.

The mails (1 (Fig. 2) of the heddles Z mounted on the leaves are disposed, if the warp; threads are not moved up and down, in parallel planes, that is in the planes of the warps w and w constituting the two fabrics simultaneously woven. From this it follows that on the heddles Z being shifted (Fig, 3) either in one or the other direction the threads of the upper warp w moved downward and the threads of the lower warp w moved upward will cross .one another in a line extending over the whole width of the warp, behind which crossing line the reed d stops after its rearward motion (from left to right in Fig. 3 and from right to left in Fig.4) for permitting the transverse mot-ion of the shuttles a and wefts. Under these circumstances, no matter what width the simultaneously obtained fabrics have, either alike or difieren't in kind, during the transverse motion of both shuttles a the lower one sliding on the upper surface of the lay c and thereby supported serves as a guide and support for the upper shuttle which bears on its upper surface by the mediation of the crossing threads of the two super osed "warps. In this case, particularly if the upper -warp w is regularly and uniformly tensioned, the transverse'mo tion of the shuttles is efiected conveniently, the wefts are perfectly laced, and the selvages, independently of the width of the warps, are correctly traced.

The two warps w and w are placed in essentially parallel planes. The pieces of fabric u u produced pass over temples m a respectively, which are fastened in any known shuttles, and of parts warp w passes order to be able to re as to obtain the same masses manner (not shown) on theframe z of the loom. The lower piece of fabric a then passes over the breast-beam and is in the usual manner wound on the cloth-beam 9 applied to a drawing-in roller h in any known manner. Above the breast-beam f two guides '11 ihigher than the upper temple m are disposed. Over these guides M, the upper face of fabric u is made to pass before it is wound on a separate cloth-beam 9' applied against a drawing-in roller is. In Fig. 4 the upper piece of fabric a is shown to pass from the drawing-in roller is first over a stretching beam 1' of any known kind before it is wound on the cloth-beam j. The stretcher 1" may be disposed on a detachable board 1" which can be placed on convenient projecting parts (not shown) of the frame .2. Where so preferred, of course the upper piece of fabric u may be wound together with the. lower piece of fabric a on a common cloth-beam, which may be either 9 or or some other beam disposed on any appropriate place of the loom. 1

In order to insure the straightness of the pull and the evenness of the upper piece of fabric u a guide 0 may be disposed behind the temples m or a guide p before the temples m, or both guides 0 and p may be at a time disposed. In this manner a free space 8 is formed betweenthe two pieces of fabric 16 and a which space permits an eflective examination of the lower piece of fabric u.

As already mentioned above the two superposed warps 'w and w are placed in essentially parallel planes, although they may slightly converge to the front as is shown at Fig. 4, should circumstances render this necessary or desirable. The lower from the ordinary warp beam t over the guide w and the upper warp 'w from another warp beam o round a guiding roller y, the two parts '2; and y being mounted to turn in suitable bearings or supports (not shown) fastened in any suitable manner on the frame a. It is obvious that the disposition described of the mails g in the heddles Z permits to vary in any appropriate manner the tension of the upper warp w and in accordance with the kind of fabric to be produced. In late the tension of the warps independent y of one another, so tension in the case of like fabrics to be produced or different tensions in the case of fabrics of difierent kinds, each warp is subjected to the action of a regulator-mechanism, these regulators operating'independently of one another. These regulators may may be disposed on any appropriate place of the loom, either on the same side or on both sides of the side parts supporting the be of any known'kind and the regulators, as their construction is immaterial to my invention.

The guides 0 p and 5 maybe rods, rollers,

or the like.

The loom described may be arranged for weaving more than two pieces of fabric at a time.

Each shuttle-box b can be arranged for any number of shuttles, since it suflices to simply insert the shuttles which it is desired to simultaneously employ and to subject them to the action of the same picker e on either side ofthe lay for obtaining the same throw. The springs of the boxes are of any known kind andare arranged as usual, their number corresponding to that of the shuttles, although it is possible and more simple to employ a single spring for maintaining the whole. Each box I) ossesses as many grooves for the passage 0 the threads as there are shuttles, or rather as many grooves as the number of shuttles which it is possible to insert. From this arrangement it follows, that it is possible to exchange the shuttles as rapidly as in the ordinary looms, in which a single shuttle is employed. In case more than twowarps are superposed in the multiple loom, itis easy to dispose their warp-beams on suitable places of the loom bymeans of bearings or parts attached to the frame 2 and further to dispose separate guides i for the several pieces of fabric so as to permit the examination of all the lower pieces of work.

My invention permits any ordinary loom. to be easily turned into a multiple loom.

I claim:

1. In a multiple loom, the combination. with a frame, of a lay rocking in said frame and comprising two shuttle-boxes at the ends and a reed, each shuttle-box having a sutlicient height for several superposed shuttles Without any dividin frame for holding 1n essentially parallel superposed planes the warps passing from the lease through the reed of said lay to the fell, heddles adapted to tbe moved up and down and possessing superposed mails for the corresponding threads of the warps, and several superposed shuttles adapted to be actuated from a common picker in either of said two shuttle-boxes, the lowest shuttle being adapted to slide on the upper surface of said la and to serve as a support for the other s uttles bearing on it directly in the shuttle-boxes and indirectly by the mediation of the crossing threads of the superposed warps during the transverse motion.

2. In a, multiple loom, the combination with a frame comprising a breast-beam, of a lay rocking in said frame and comprising two shuttle-boxes at the ends and a reed,

each shuttle-box having a sufiicient height for several superposed shuttles without any dividing plate, guides in said frame for holding in essentially parallel superposed planes the warps passing from the lease through the reed of said lay to the fell, and

spacing guides in said frame above said breast-beam for holding the pieces of fabric indifferent superposed planes while leaving between them spaces sufficient for the eX- amination of the lower pieces of fabric.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGES GRATREAU.

Witnesses BARTLEY F. Yosr, GEonc Hmscnrnw.

plate, guides in said

Images