US1039852A

US1039852A - Method of and apparatus for carrying out gas reactions by the use of an electric arc.

Info

Publication number: US1039852A
Application number: US66176211A
Authority: US
Inventors: Gustav Wagener
Original assignee: DuPont Powder Coatings USA Inc
Current assignee: DuPont Powder Coatings USA Inc
Priority date: 1911-11-22
Filing date: 1911-11-22
Publication date: 1912-10-01
Anticipated expiration: 1929-10-01

Description

G. WAGENER, METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR CARRYING OUT GAS REAGTIGNS BY THE USE OF AN ELECTRIC ARC.

APPLIOATIUN FILED NOV. 22, 1911.

1,039,852, Patented 0013.1.1912.

4 mam m.

5o pressed gases and moved so as to close the switch when the receptacle is completely WTEEP GUSTAV 'WAGENER, OF SGHLEBUSCELMAKFGBT, GERMANY, ASSIGNGB- T6 L" DE N'EMOURS POWDER. CGMPANY 6F WILMINGTON, IDELAXVARE, A

OF NEW JERSEY.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR CARRYING OUT GAS REACTIONS BY AN ELECTRIC ABC.

Specification of Letters Eatent.

Patented Get, 1., ifii fi.

Application filed November 22, 1911. Serial No. 681,782.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GUSTAV WAGENER, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at Schlebusch-lViantort, Germany, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Methods of and Apparatus for Carrying Out Gas Reactions by the Use of an Electric Arc, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanyin drawings, which form a part of this speci cation.

'My' invention relates to an improved method and apparatus for carrying out gas reactions bythe use of an electric arc. in carrying out such reactions, there has been invented (see my application Serial No. 61,761, filed November 22, 1911) a method which consists in compressing the gas to be heated in the reaction receptacle, under air tight seal, by means oi an electric arc until the maximum pressure is reached and, at this precise point, suddenly expandin f the reaction mixture in an e, .losivedle manner, in such a manner that the same suddenly cooled.

The subject matter of my in ention relates to certain improvements in this method, and in apparatus for carryir j out my improved method. its purpose LS to prevent an excessive heating of the reaction receptacle, and to reduce the amount of current used. This I accomplish by introducing the comprc sed gases slowly into the reaction receptacle and producing the arc only when the receptacle is entirely'tilled Witl the compressed gas. The resultant is that the cold compressed gases, being introduced slowly, into the reaction receptacle, are preheated, by means of the hot Walls of the receptrcle, which are present in the receptacle'from the last reaction, before the. arc is formed. In this manner also the receptacle is correspondingly cooled after each reaction, and a considerable economy of current is cfiected. The closing of the cirwit to form the arc can be ettected automatically by means of a switch operated by a pressure device rendered active by the gradually increasing pressure of the comfilled with compressed gases.

connected to the arm 11 and, the

In fine, my method comprisesgradually admittin the gases into the receptacle and forming the are when the gases in the re ceptacle reach the desired pr ire, and cutting off said are when the pressure falls below that point. Further, in regulating the formation and disruption of said are by the pressure or lack of pressure of the gases the receptacle.

I will now describe the apparatus for c rying out my intention, which app is illustrated in the accompanying ings, in which Figure 1 is an elevation, partly in sec" of an apparatus embodying my inventlni. Fig. is a plan view of same.

a is the receptacle, 6 and f the electri between which the arc is formed in the receptacle.

n is a pipe forming the inlet for the gases to the receptacle a. 7 is a branch pipe from said pipe at leading to the cylinder 8 which is the piston 9. y

is a valve in the pipe at between the source oxt' gas supply and the branch pipe 'Z.

22 is a Wire leading from one pole of current supply to electrode 6, and 21 is a Wire leading from the other pole of current supto the electrode On these circuits between the source of'electricity and the electrodes, is a switch apparatus, as follows: it) is a piston rod of piston 9, draw springs 16 at the forward end of the cylinder hearing against the stops 20 tend to hold the rod and piston to the left. The outer end of this rod 10 has the slot 2% in which rests the pin 15 of the switch arm 11. A spring 1% normally holds the arm 11 in the position shown in the drawing, and the switch opens. This spring bears against a pin 15 on the switch armll. The switch arm is pivoted on the pin 12, and a spring or springs 13 tend to more the switch arm to the right and close the switch, but arecverconie by the strength of spring 14- Which is free to act except when thepiston and red at outer end of their stroke, 18, a

position of the switch, enter ceptacl'es, connected to the close the circuit.

The operation is as iollowsp 'llhe valas;

being opened, the desired amount, the gas passes to the receptacle a. At the same time it passes through pipe 7 to cylinder 8, moving piston and rod to the right. This does not. aliect the arm ll until the length of slot 2d has been traversed, after which a further movement releases spring Li and springs 13 act quickly to move bars 18 to cause them to enter the mercury cups 1'? and close the circuit. The arrangement is so adjusted that this talresplacc when the gases in the receptacle are of-the desired quantity and pressure. In like manner, when the pressure is relieved in receptacle a, the piston and rod move to the left, the spring it becomes active, and at once opens the switch.

Having ngw fully described my invention, What I claim and desire to protect by Let ters Patent is: f r

1. The m ethod of carrying'outggas reacztions by the electric arc, whicii coiisists in admitting'the gas comparatively slowly into the receptacle to permit the same to be preheated before the arc is formed, and when the desired volume and pressure are reached, forming the electric arc.

2. The method of carrying out gas reactions by the electric are, which consists in admitting the gas into the receptacle, and. when the desired volume and pressure are reached, forming the electric arc.

8. The method of carrying out gas reactions by the electric are, which consists in admitting the gas comparatively slowly into the receptacle to permit. the same to be preheated before the arc is formed, and when the desired volume and pressure are reached, forming the electric arc, and extinguishing the are as'soon as the pressure and volume fall below said last mentioned volume and pressure.

4. The method of carrying out gas reactions by the electric arc, which consists in admitting the gas'into the receptacle and when the desired volume and pressure are reached, forming the electric arc and extinguishing the are as soon as the pressure and volume fall below said lastnientioned volume and'prcssure.

The m thod of carrying out gas reactions by the electric are, which consists in admitting the gas comparatively slowly into the race itaclc to permit the same to be pre heated before the arc is formed, and when the desired pressure is reached, forming the electric arc.

6. The method of carrying out gas reac-y 'LlOIlS by the electric which consists iii admitting the gas comparatively slowly intothe receptacle to permit the same to be pre heated before the arc is forme and when the desired pressure is reachet rming the electric arc, and extinguishing the are as soon as the pressure falls below said last mentioned pressure.

'7. The method of carrying out gas reactions by the electric are, which consists in admitting the gas into the receptacle and when the desired pressure is reached, forming the electric arc.

8. The method of carrying out gas reactions by the electric are, which consists in admitting the gas into the receptacle and when the desired pressure is reached, forming the electric arc, and extinguishing the are as soon as the pressure falls below said last. mentioned pressure. A

J. In an apparatus for carrying out gas reactions by means of an electric arc, in combination, a receptacle, a pipe for admitting the gas to the receptacle, electrodes in said receptacle, a normally open electric circuit, a switch in said circuit, a pressure device for closing said circuit and connection between-said pressure. device-and the interior of the receptacle."

10. Inan apparatus for carrying out gas reactions by means of an electric arc, in combination, a receptacle, a pipe for admitting the gas to the receptacle, electrodes in said receptacle, a normall open electric circuit, a switch in said circuit, a pressure device for closing said circuit, and connection between said pressure device and said pipe.

11. In an apparatus for carrying out gas reactions, by means of an electric arc, in combination, a receptacle, a pipe for admitting the gas to the receptacle, electrodes in said receptacle, an electric circuit, a switch in said circuit, a pressure device for controlling said circuit, and connection between said pressure device and said pipe, a valve on said pipe between the gas supply and the connection to the pressure device.

12. In an apparatus, for carrying out gas reactions, in combination, a pipe for admitting gas to the receptacle, a cylinder, a spring acted piston in said cylinder, a pipe connection between said cylinder and the .gas conveying pipe, electrodes in said receptacle, a normally open electric circuit, a switch in said circuit, said switch being operated by said piston to close the circuit.

13. In an apparatus for carrying out gas reactions, in combination, a pipe for admitting gas to the receptacle, a cylinder, a spring acted piston in said cylinder, a pipe connection between said cylinder and the gas conveying pipe, electrodes in said roceptacle, an electric circuit, a switch in said ,fillCult, said switch being operated by said piston, a valve in said gas conveying pipe between the source of gas suppl 1 and the branch pipe leading to the cylinder.

14.. In an apparatus for carrying out gas reactions, in combination, a pipe for admitting gas to the receptacle, a cylinder, a spring acted piston in said cylinder, a pipe connection between said cylinder and the gas conveying pipe, electrodes in said receptacle,

an electric circuit, a switch in said circuit, a

slotted connection between said switch and the stem of said piston. 7

15. In an apparatus for carrying out gas reactions, in combination, a pipe for admittinggas to the receptacle, a cylinder,- a spring acted piston in said cylinder, a pipe connection between said cylinder and the gas conveying pipe, electrodes in said receptacle,

an electric circuit, a switch in said circuit, a

slotted connection between said switch andthe stem of said piston, a'valve in said gas conveying pipe between the source of gas suppl and the branch pipe leading to the cylin er.

16 In an apparatus for carrying out gas reactions, in combination, a pipe for admitting gas to the receptacle, a c linder, a spring acted piston in said cylin er, a pipe connection between said; cylinder andthe gas conveying pipe, electrodes in said receptacle, an electric circuit, a switch in'said circuit, a spring acting to close said switch, aiocking spring adapted to hold said switch open against the action of the closing spring, connection between said switch and the rod of said-piston adapted in one direction of movement of the piston to release said switch from' said locking spring and, in the other direction, to ,bring it into connection with said locking spring.

17. In an apparatus for carrying out gas reactions, in combination, a pipe for admit-' with said locking spring, a valve in said gas conveying pipe between the source of gas supply and the branch pipe leading to the cylinder.

18. In an apparatus fol: carrying out gas reactions, in combination, a pipe for admittin gas to the receptacle, a cylinder, a sprlng acted piston in said cylinder, a pipe connection between said cylinder and the gas conveying pipe, electrodes in said receptacle, an electric circuit, a switch in said circuit, a spring acting to close said switch, a locking spring adapted to hold said switch open against the action of the closing spring, a slotted connection between said switch and the rod of said piston adapted in one direction of movement of the piston to release said switch from said locking spring, and, in the other direction, to bring it into connection with said locking spring.

19. In an apparatus for carrying out gas reactions, in combination, a pipe for admit ting gas to the receptacle, a cylinder, a spring acted piston in said cylinder, a pipe connection between said cylinder and the gas conveying pipe, electrodes in said receptacle,

an electric circuit, a switch in said circuit, a

spring acting to close said switch, a locking spring adapted to hold said switch open against the action of the closing spring, a slotted connection between said switch and the rod or" said piston adapted in one direction of movement of the piston to release said switch from said locking spring, and, in the other direction, to bring it into connecti n with said locking spring, a valve in said gas. conveying pipe between the source of gas supply and the branch pipe leading to the cylinder.

In testimony of which invention, 1' have hereunto set my hand, at Cologne, Germany, on this 3d day of November, 1911.

GUSTAV 'WAGENER. Witnesses:

ELISE Scnwanz, Hans Dnaronr.