US1038194A - Method of preparing halogen-oxygen compounds by electrolysis. - Google Patents
Method of preparing halogen-oxygen compounds by electrolysis. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1038194A US1038194A US61963611A US1911619636A US1038194A US 1038194 A US1038194 A US 1038194A US 61963611 A US61963611 A US 61963611A US 1911619636 A US1911619636 A US 1911619636A US 1038194 A US1038194 A US 1038194A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- electrolysis
- oxygen compounds
- addition
- preparing halogen
- yield
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 11
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003682 vanadium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ce](Cl)Cl VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005991 chloric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001880 copper compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QEVHRUUCFGRFIF-MDEJGZGSSA-N reserpine Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]2C[C@@H]3C4=C(C5=CC=C(OC)C=C5N4)CCN3C[C@H]2C1)C(=O)OC)OC)C(=O)C1=CC(OC)=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 QEVHRUUCFGRFIF-MDEJGZGSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/24—Halogens or compounds thereof
- C25B1/26—Chlorine; Compounds thereof
- C25B1/265—Chlorates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Description
To aliwhom it mwy comm-n:
UNITED srArns PATENT ua'rnns 'rrnn, orscnnacn'rnnsnn, NEAR BERLIN, sanitary, assrenon ro- Evil-1mron'r nu nnuouns rownnn comranr or WILMINGTON, DELAWAR A conrommen or NEWJERSEY.
1,038,194. Engraving.
mnrnon or fnnnrnnrne minoenn-oxrenn corrrounns BY nLEc'rnoLYsIs.
' Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 10,1912. .pplic'ation fi ed April 8, 1911. Serial in). 619,636. 7
' Be'it "known that I, MATHIAS PER, doctor of philosophy, subject of the Emperor of Germany, residin at Schlachtense'e, .near Berlin, Prussia, ermany, have invented a new and useful Improvementin the Method of I eparing Halngen-Oxygen Compounds by Electrolysis, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description. Y
During the electr( )lysisof the alkalis and alkaline earths for the preparation of the corresponding halogen-oxygen compounds it "has been found tobe of advantage in order to obtain high yields of material on the currentnsed to add'to the electrolyte a chlorid or a metal which, is precipitated by means of alkali from the salt solutions of same in the form of a'n-oxid or hydroxid. In order to insure the efliciency ofthese additions, the presence of chromate gwas heretofore cons ered necessary. .I have discovered that the technical chlorid (bf cerium :forms an exeeptionfto this rule to such an extent that by means of the addition of same to the electrol e high yields of 1 aterial on the current are obtained wilbfout the addition of chromate. This specifi property, to prevent the reduction of hypohalogen acids, is also a propertyof othercom ounds of rare earth metals, but the use 0 cerium,chlorid was feund to be of special advantage.
All the compounds of the rare earth metals with which I have experimented separate at the cathodeupon electrolysis in an insol ble form which adheres, forming a visible, effective diaphragm. That part which is not consumed for the formation of a cover for l1e.e1ctrode is precipitated as an insoluble The electrolyte itself remains entirely free from impurities and entirely clear.
In theliterature of the art, substances are repeatedlymentionedwhich, it is claimed, render possible arf increase in the yield of chlorate in the same manner as the rare earth metals, e. without the addition of chromate. For instance, vanadium comorder to increase the yield, but it was found that the addition of vanadium compounds either does not increase the chlorate yield at all, orthat this yield is unfavorably influenced by this addition. The vanadium compounds separate principally at the anode in thick crusts, which during continuous operatlon are bound to unfavorably influence the operation. The chlorate solutions, furthermore, are strongly colored. 7
Still more unfavorable results are obtained when operating with the addition of iron and copper compounds. In this instance also, as shown in the attached comparative tables, the yield of material obtained on the current is not increased but rather reduced. The examples cited below, on the other hand, prove that by means of an addition, as claimed in the present specification, of salts of the metals of the rare earths with the acid electrolytes, highly satisfactory technical results are obtained.
- Examples: 1800 com. of a 28% sodium chlorid solution to which 4 grams of cerium chlorid had been added were subjected to a electrolysis between graphite and platinum electrodes, While HCl gas was introduced. The temperature of the bath was about C. The experiments were continued to 1300 ampere hours and more. The losses during theelectrolysis were determined by means of collecting and analyzing the gases developed.
TABLE 1.Per cent. yield of sodium chlorate on current used.
With cerium Withchromate Without any Ex nment. chlorid andhyi and hydrope drochloricacid. chloric acid. I
TABLE 2.-Pes
cent. yield of hii'dium chlorate om puwant used.-
- Addition of rare metals. II. Addition of IIIJAdditio n 0! IV. Addition of 1 Time 111 am- I. In weak 801d C 2 4 i Y M m ch-mrm num ehlond umchlond per per hwr. liter. 20 62.8 53. 5 56. 1 i 59.9 67.0 66.5 65. 300 54.8 56. 4 41. 7 28. 84. 0 80. 0 78. 430 54. 6 54.4 45. 9 27.6 87. 0 81.0 77.5 900 52.6 55.0 86.0 82. 0 80. 0 1,242 86.5 83.3 81.3
The quantities of chlorids specified in the ebove tabulation are those which, in each instance, give the maximum yield; Having now fully described my invention,
what I claim and desire'to protect 'by: Let
ters Potent. is:
..;The method of preparinghalogen-oxygen compounds of the jalkalis and alkaline earthsby electrolysis which consists in add- HENRY HASPER,
Wonnmnm HAUPT.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US61963611A US1038194A (en) | 1911-04-08 | 1911-04-08 | Method of preparing halogen-oxygen compounds by electrolysis. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US61963611A US1038194A (en) | 1911-04-08 | 1911-04-08 | Method of preparing halogen-oxygen compounds by electrolysis. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1038194A true US1038194A (en) | 1912-09-10 |
Family
ID=3106471
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US61963611A Expired - Lifetime US1038194A (en) | 1911-04-08 | 1911-04-08 | Method of preparing halogen-oxygen compounds by electrolysis. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1038194A (en) |
-
1911
- 1911-04-08 US US61963611A patent/US1038194A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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