US1038014A

US1038014A - Ball-cock.

Info

Publication number: US1038014A
Authority: US
Inventors: Elmer S Stack
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1912-02-03
Filing date: 1912-02-03
Publication date: 1912-09-10
Anticipated expiration: 1929-09-10

Description

E. S. STACK.

BALL 000K. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 28, 1907. RENEWED PEB. 3, 1912. 1,038,014.

Patented Sept. 10, 1912.

4 SHBETS-SHEET l.

E. S. STACK.

BALL 000K.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 28, 1907. RENBWBD FEB. 3, 1912. 1,038,014, Patented Sept. 10,1912.

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BALL COCK.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 2s, 1907. RENEWED PEB. a, 1912. 1,038,014. Patented Sept. 10, 1912.

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. BALL COCK.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 28, 1907. RENEWBD 2513.3, 1912.

1,038,014. Patented Sept. 10,191.2.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

To all whomalt muy. concern:

EINER S. STMX, OFSOMERVILM. IABSACHUSIE'JJ'IS.V

BAIL-COCK.

Specication of Letters-Patent.

Patented Sept. 10, 1912 applies-uan mee september 2a, 1907, sex-m iro. agisse. mewearemmy s, 191s. seran Na. 015,342'.

Be it known that I, ELMER S. STACK, of Somerville',` in the county of. Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful' Improvements in Ball- Cocks, of which the following is a speciiieation.

' This invention has relation to automatic valves,l and more especially to that type known as bal-l cocks, which control the inlet of water under pressure to a reservoir in 1Whih a supply ot Water is kept at a desired eve l The chief object' of the invention is to keep the valve away from it-s seat as much as possible when admitting water and to close the inlet promptly when a sufficient quantity of water has been admitted.

The .in-let valve of the style of ball cock now most commonly in use, closes as gradually as the rising of the water levelA in the reservoir. The chiefdisadvantage of such a ball cock is that, as the inlet val'veapproaches its: seat, it is'attacked bythe strong head of the water for so great a period during eaehclosing' that in a comparatively short time the valve and its seat become Worn and permit leakage. Another disadvantage isl that a longer of time is required to lill the reservoir since the, flow from. the supply pipe diminishes constantly as thewater level in the reservoir rises, and the valve may possibly never be pressed so close to its seat as to completely cut ofi' the supply. The result is aA prolonged if not a continual leakage through the supply valve and the consequent-wearing away thereof.

In the present invention, the disadvantage of undulyI wearingaway the valve' is overcomel by reducing the outlet of the valve casing on the discharge side ofthe valve, and providing what I shall hereinafter' term a dilerential pressure arca iu the-valve. Still further, the disadvantage of preventing'a copious discharge inte the reservoir by confining the Water in` the valve casing is overcome by providing a variable discharge openingl which .is reduced when the Valve is relatively close to the valve seat, and which is increased when the valve is relatively distant from 'the seat. By reason of. reducngthe outlet of the casing, the valve, which is of greater ers-'seetional area than the inlet,I is subjected to a correspondingly greater resistance' from the Water, and' tlils opposes the buoyancy oftheiloat with increase-dl force, causing the latter to rise more slowly than if it were free. At this point the valve is farther from its seat than would be' the case if there were no back pressure in the valvegcasing. rPhe valve and seat are.

therefore free from a rush of water past them and the consequent wear. The, di-4 minishedsoutlet then becomes the place where the rush of watercauses Wear, but at that pointthe wear is of no consequence.

Continued rising of the float causes the valve to approach its seat, and When-i it approaches so close as to reduce the inlet of water to such volume as can pass through the reduced outlet Withoutv being forced, the back pressure against the valve plunger is relieved and the buoyancy of the partially submerged float- .causes it to rise quickly, thereby closing the valve promptly and completely a ai'nst 'ts seat. The float still remains su merge somewhat below its normal level, because its buoyancy is finally op-v posed by the stoppin of the valve by the valve-seat. It w11 understood, therefore, that, when the valve is finally closed, there is still; an excess of buoyancy of the float to keep the former closed so long as the water level does notfall. In a ball cock, in which there is no back pressure to 4oppose the rise of the float, the valve, when closed, if indeed it ever becomes completely closed, is balanced between the pressure vof Water on one Side and the buoyancy of the float onv the other, and its liability to a constant leakage and consequent Wear is apparent especially if the pressure of the water Huctuates. cock, that is 4When the water level falls by reason of a discharge from the reservoir, the inlet valve does not open simultaneously with the fall of the Water level. The valve, in fact, remains closed until the buo ancy of the float is diminished to such a gree as to be overcome by the ressure of Water in the` comparatively sma area of the inlet. The valve 'then opens, and the valve having a larger area than the inlet is'subjected to a correspondingly greater force, minus the relief afforded by the reduced outlet of the casing This greater force on the In the reverse operation of the ball valve `causes the latter to submerge the oat below its normal level, which is presumably falling meanwhile, and the valveopens more widely, thereby increasing the inlet of water to the casing and also increasing the discharge therefrom by increasing the area of the outlet.

' In order to adapt the ball cock toservice with various pressures, the reduced outlet is provided with means for varying or regulating the iow at that point. The passage for the How should be approximately in proportion to the pressure in order to insure successful operation of the valve. F orv example, a high pressure would require a greater relief or less retardation than a low pressure in order to avoid too great aresistance to the 'action of the valve. If, after having regulated the relief for a high pressure, the ball cock be employed where the pressure is less, there is insuicient retardation and consequentlylittle or no pressure available for opposing, the action of the valve. Therefore thecapacity of thereduced outlet should be relatively small for a low pressure, andlarge for'a high pres'-A sure.

Referring to the drawings forming a part of this specification, in 'which a plurality of ball cocks are illust-rated in forms which vary wit-hout departing from the spirit and scope of the inventionf-Figure `1 is a longitudinal sectional view of one form of ball Acock constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 isa cross sectional .view on the line. 2-2 of 1. Figs. 3 and 4 are respectively 'longitudinaland cross-sec` tional views of a different form of the ball cock. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are longitudinal sectional views of other forms of ball cock. Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7. 'Figs 9 and 10 are respectively longitudinal and cross-.sectional views of still another form of ball cock. Figs. 11 and 12 are longitudinal Sectional views of different styles of ball cocks having vertically movable valves. Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view on the line V13--13 of Fig. 12.` Fig. 14 is a conventional showing yof a complete flush tank in section.

In the illustrated styles of ballcocks, Figs. 1 to 10 inclusive show forms having horizontally movable valves, and Figs. l1, 12 and 13 show forms in which the.valvcs are vertically movable. These styles may be grouped according to other classification. In Figs. 7, 8 and 11 a single discharge outlet is increased and diminished in area by movement of the valve, but in the remaining iigures the valve casing has, in each instance, two discharge openings of which one is cut off when the valve is closed upon the inlet.

On the drawings, thc same reference characters indicate the same parts wherever they occur.V In the illustrated embodiments of the invention, the ball cocks are adapted for service such as controlling. the supply of. water for a Hush tank, the waterbeing admitted to the tank froln a supply pipe in which the water .is subjected to a suitable pressure. l

The numeral 10 indicates a. reservoir in which a supply of water is to be stored.

11 .is a. flush pipe by which the supply of water is conducted from the reservoir to the point. where it is to be used.

12 is a supply or inlet pipe by which `waiter under a 'suitable pressure is supplied to the reservoir.

13 is a normally open ball cocky which controls the inlet of water to the reservoir, by reason of having a ballor float 1.4 which rlses and falls with the level of water in the reservoir and which thereby actuates a valve in the ball-cock casing 15 so as to open and close the inlet. I The float 14 is aiiixed to the free end of the bell-crank lever 16 pivoted at 16 to ears on the casing. The other end of the lever has suitable sliding connection with a reciprocatory plunger or valve 17. Disregarding at present Figs. 7, 8, l2 and 13,A the v alve 17 projects through the open end of a valve chamber 18 in the cas- 'ing 15. The supplypipe 12 is coupled at 19 to theinlet 2O of the casing` The inlet terminates with a valve seat 21 within the valve chamber 18 into which it delivers. The valve carrier 17 has on its inner end a washer or facing 22 which is adapted to engage and close the inlet'. The cross-sectional area of the inlet is, in each instance, less than' that of the valve, for a purpose hereinafter specied Water admitted to the valve chamber 18 is subsequently discharged into the reservoir through a discharge nozzle 23 to which it is admitted in a variety of ways.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the valve chamber 18 is surrounded by a discharge chamber 25 with which the vnozzle 23 is integrally formed. Communication between the chambers 18 and25 is by a discharge port 26 which is of -less cross-sectional area than the in let 20. The capacity of the port 26 is regulated by af-thumb screw 27. Additional communication between the

chambers

18 and 25 is by a plurality of supplemental discharge ports 28 arranged in a circle and extending radially through the wall of the chamber 18. When .the valve 17 is held against its seat 21 by the buoyancy of the float 14, it extends across and covers the supplemental ports 28, thus confining the outlet to the relatively small discharge opening 26.

The operation is as follows. Vhen the valve is held against its seat 21, the force exerted against the former by the water pressure is relatively small, but when the valve leaves its'seat reason of a discharge" from the reservoir, the valve chamber 18 is filled and 'discharges -through the primary port V26 only a comparatively small .propor-l tion -o-f the capacity of the inlet. Consequently the valve chamber becomes 'a coinpression chainber, and .the valve, being of .so much greater cross-sectional. area than..

areaof .the outlet .is kept lessa-than that .of the inlet,4 notwithstanding the fact [that both vary. After lthe inlet is once opened, the pressure of Awalter on the full area of' the valve keeps'i-the 'float submerged below its normal water line vuntil,during-the closing-of l.theinlet,. nthe supply :is decreased to such-a ydegree that it lcan vescape without cieating a back-pressure yinthe valve chamber. When opposition to-the buoyancy of the `iioa't is thus relieved,.'the 'latter seeks. itsnormal positionrof-displacement, but it neveu-quitel ,reaches .that position'..b `eeau`se,y if'ithe screw vregulator' 27 :is correctly adjustetl, fthe valve 17 reaches its-.seat before the '-float can .reachits .normal position There is, therefore, an excess of buoyancy of 4the fioa't which keeps .the valveffirmlyagainst its -seat,' and in that .position :the water pressure operates on rthe smaller portion ofthe differentialarea. -The ball cock illustrated in Figs`.'"3 and 4 has a chamber 30v instead ofthe annular chamber of Fig. 1 j It also hasa different arrangement of vthe'port 26' and regu-f lating screw 27,:and asinglelarge supple-y mental port -3-1 :in place of -thewports 28. The web 32 in Fig. 1 ycauses Vanejection byithe main discharge of Waterofrwhatever waterlleaks around the valve-17..

'Inthe' E'form shownby Fig..5',the primary. discharge opening is a port 'B3 in the

valve

17,1 communicating with a chamber tlawithsu in the Valve. Egress from the chamber/l is .throuorh a port 'comniunicating 'with the nozzle 23. The supplemental opening"- is'indicatedat 3 6,and,v as is the'case inthe forms of'-Figs."1 and 3,is covered or .c'losed by lthe forwardiend of I:the valve whenthe latter is -upon 'the inlet seat.. In this form`, `the .-screwfmegu'lator'. 27 -is necessaril car` riedfby' the valve F17'so asftomove-Qwlth the primary opening- 33'which it regulates. .'37

iis an.,annular groove Iin the periphery of the valve for draining off the water which may leak around the valve. The drainage passes intothe dischargey nozzle with the main 4body of discharged water.

'In'..the form vshown in Fig. 6., the valve 17 and supplemental dischargeopening to the nozzle..23are practically the saine as -those described..` The primary discharge Hopening, however, -is `by means of a pipe 38 connected with the chamber 18 and leading to" the Ilower part of the reservoir 10 .below the standard water `level;- vThe .regulator for thispri-mary discharge is a cap -39 screw-threaded over the lower `end of the Ipipe 38. The cap has apertures 40-for Vthe escape ofthe water,`and a tapered teat 41 for projecting into `the end of the pipe. The capaclty of this end of the pipe or discharging. may be varied by turning'the cap about the screw-threaded portion.- 42

is a valve-stem 'extending'into the inlet 20,

fior 'keepin .the valve in yalinement with Iits path o movement. The. stem has a tapered portion 43 which operates withthe perpendicular face of the valve to vary the supply from the inlet 20.

Figs. 7 and 8 show a lradically'different formas far as appearancean'd co struction are concernedbut thev ,result at ained `by it is the same as the'others'. In thisfform` the-valve chamber 1.8 and discharge nozzle 23 mTive` with the valve 17. The ,said cham' ber 'and vnozzle are 4formed integrally with a casing 44 .which slides Vupon the Aexterior ofthe inlet. pipe 20. The latter is mounted ina bracket 45 affixed to the wall ofthe lrcservoirfand has one or more lugs, 46

which are drawn lup,against'one'side 'of the bracket by ascrew-threaded nut 47 on the opposite side ofthebracket. The casing44 has 'an extension 48 which also slidesjon" the inlet'. ip'e 20 toatford a better bearing to keep e casing steady.. Lugs 49 491011 the extension 48 arev engaged :by slotted arms 50 5 0I ofthe bell lcrank to ywhich .the

. float isaiiixed.l The exterior of the inlet Y pipe 20 tapers 'abruptly toward the valve seat 21, .and `with it an annual shoulder 51is' adapted tocoperate The said shoul- 'der is formed. within .the. .casing. 44 -between the chamber 18. and ,the discharge chamberf25.' The valve-17is in theiorm vof a'plug screw-tlirea leclinV the end of the casing 44Iand= therefore adjustable relatively' justed feo .as "to" .seat :before permitting the :shoulder-51"@ tenga e vthe inlet pipe. .In this forin the walloigthe chamber .18.oper- .atesasfthegreatel' 'portion of the differ- "ential areafupon which the water pressure acts. As the valve 17 is moved `toward the inletseattodirninish the supply', the shoulder 5 1 approaches the tapered end of the :inlet pipetherebyreducing the. area through which, the Water escapes nozzle. y

Referring to Figs. 9 and 10, the chiet` variation between that form and those of Figs. 1, 3 and 6 lies in the primary discharge outlet. The latter is above the valve chamber and terminates in the wall thereof directly above the nozzle 23. Communication between the primary outlet. and the nozzle is by the way of a port 60 extending through the valve from top to bottom. When the valve is retracted from the inlet to its full extent, the forward end of the former uncovers the entrance to the nozzle, and the to. the discharge latter then becomes the supplemental outlet.

with a full opening. `At this posit-ion, the port 60 is out of alinement with the primary outlet 22, the latter being unnecessary and in fact cut off.

The form shown `in Fig. 11 issimilar to that in Fig. 7,in that it has a single discharge outletwhich is increased as the valve leaves the inlet seat and which is diminished as the valve approaches the seat. The valve in this form is vertically movable in the valve chamber 18 frdm which thevwater discharges through a neck 61 leading to the nozzle 23. The inlet valve seat 62 surrounds the neck 61 thereby providing an annular space through which the supply enters the c 'amber 18. The capacity of the neck 61 to permit a'discharge' is varied by a tube 63 ailixed to the valve 17, and having a flared end 64. The end 64 has a sliding fit Within tures 67 through which `the discharge passes from the exterior to the interior thereof 4and thence through the flared end 64.-. When the valve '17 is farthest from its seat, the annular inlet admits a greater quantity of water than the apertures 67 can discharge and so a back pressure is created in the chamber. As the valve approaches its seat, the tapered shoulder 66 enters the neck 6l, thereby reducing the discharge area at that point and prolonging the back pressure, but, when the inlet is cut down to such a point that the supply can readily escape pastthe tapered shoulder, the back pressure is relieved and the valve quickly seats. In case some of the water leaks by the valve 17, it enters a groove 68 in the peri hery thereof and flows thence through ra ial apertures 69 to a central aperture 7 0 andthen through the tube 65.

The form illustrated in Figs. 12 and 13 is similar to that of Fig. llwith respect to the annularinlet, the Yneck 611, the annular outlet,

and the vertically movable valve 17 Withy to the discharge neck 61, a continually open discharge outlet 76 with a screw regulator 27. The action of the valve is, in this form, the same as the described action of the form in Fig. 11, with the capacity of being ad'usted by the regulator to operate success ully under various pressures of the inlet.

' Inall the forms herein shown, the provision of a regulator for controlling the discharge from the valve casing enables the pressure of water within the valve chamber to retard the closing of the valve, and so to maintain `an excess of buoyancy of the float. The advantage of the latter has already been explained, but, in addition to its value in closing the valve asit does, it prevents the valve from hammering when the Water pressure tluctuates, as it does when an outlet at some other point in the supply main is suddenly shut off.

The factthat the valve in the present invention presents to the Water pressure a relatively small area when closed and a relatively large area when open, makes it in every case more diiicult to close the inlet when once o n. Ball-cock valves, in which there is not ing'of this kind, invariably close with an irregular movement. In such valves the buoyancy of the oat tends to exact a force just sufficient to balance the olpposingforce of the inlet, ,but, inasmuch as t e latter 1s constantly varied by the closing of the valve, one force or the other is liable to gain on the other temporarily. The result is that the valve closes either with a step-h v-step or a see-saw movement. ,This balancing or fluctuating movement of the Vvalve is prevented in the present invention by the retardation imposed on the float by the pressure against the relatively large valve area..

It is apparent that the invention is capa` ble of still other forms in which the discharge from the valve casing may be controlled, so as to vary with the inlet and still .remain less within a certain range.

Having thus explained the nature of my said invention, and described a way of mak,

ing and using the same, although without attempting to set forth all of the forms in which it may be made, or all of the modes of its use, 4what I claim is: 1. A ball cock having a valve chamber, a supply inlet therefor, a valve in the chamber of greater cross-sectional area than the inlet, movable toward and from the inlet to close the same, a discharge outlet of less cross-sectional area than the inlet communieating with the valve chamber, and means or varying the pressure in the valve chamer. i

2. A ball cock having a valve!chamber, a .supply inlet therefor, a valve in the chamber of greater crossrsectional area than the inlet, movable to' and -fronr and in alinement'with the inlet, a discharge outlet oflessca' chamber," andv means fordvajrying'A the pres sure irf'thevalve chamber."

3. ball cock having 'afvalvejchambena supply/inlet therefor, a valve in thech'a'mber of greater cr osssectionalareat tha'nthe inlet,

. movablel toward and fromthe inlet to close the same,'"a` discha'r e'outlet of less rnaXii-'4 mumcapacity, than t `e 'inletl communicating `Witli'itli'evalve chamber, and means for regu-' lating tl'iecapac'ity `ofthe out-letf l 5' f Aiball cock havinga valve. chambergasupply inletthrefor, a: compressioiivalve, in the valve'chamberA of greater ,cross-.sectional area thantheinlet,i movablefto-clb'ose' the inlet againstfthe supplyg'a discharge outlet of "lessv c a acity: the inlet cori'l'r'riun'i eating` withl t e valve-chamberand adapted Ito, be diminished when the valv'eijs against its seat and increased valve is rela' -tively distant front-:itsrv seat. A

`5. A ball cock having av valve chamber,

supply'inletzitherefor, a dischargefport of less capacity than'the inlet communicating.

with the chamber, anda compresslon valve inthe chamber kmovable tov andfromthe inlet and thereby adapted to increase and diminish the discharge outlet.

6. A ball cock having avalvechamber", an inlet, a variable outlet, both communicating withthe chamber, and means for varying the flow'V through.` the inleLantL theroutlet, substantiallyV asv set forth.

7. A' ball `cock having avalve chamber, an inlet, a variable outlet, both communicating with the chamber, and asingle valve movable in the chamber for varying `the iow through the inlet and outlet, substantially as set forth. l 8. A ball cock having a valve chamber, an inlet, a'variable outlet both communicating with the chamber, and a single .valve of greater cross-sectional are'a than the inlet,`

" movable in the chamber for varying the flow through the inlet and Outlet, substantially'as set forth. y l

The combination with areservoir for iluidand afloat therein, of a supply pipe for iuid under pressure,`a`valve cas1ng`, a valve in the casing connected ,to `the iloatso'as to move therewith, an inlet for admitting fluid from the supply pipe'tolthe casing,`and an outlet forfthe escape of uid fromthe casing,` said .inletrand outlet 'being-'so arranged and of rsuch .a character as tocontrolled by the valve and to afford, when open`,"v,a^ greater than "the "outlet,Y until, the 'inlet is nearly closed.- f A Y ,10. A.' ball cock having a valve chamber,

. wie than 'the inlet communication wit thj theflinlet increases the routlet.`l`

11."A 'ba1lfeoek having-a valve chamber,

Cwhen the `for'mer is nearly closed.

lsaid g' valve having a riable passages, of which the inlet'isalways u area -offthe valve, 1ssuiclent to hol an inlet, a variable ,outletfiboth com-muni'.-

, ca-tingwith the chamber, and a single valve '1n the chamber movableto and from the inlet','said inlet and outlet being so arranged that movement ofthe valvetoware thehinlet decreases. the outlet and movement froman inlet thereto, a:A variable outlet-fory conducting water 'from thechamber to. a reser-` Voir, and an inlet valve in the chamber of greater cross-sectional `f area than theV inlet and actuated by a iioat in thereservoir, said outlet beingsc'rI arranged ,as t-o'be increased or diminished by the valve.

12'.y The comblnation-with a reservoir and a' supply-'pipe 'for `conduct-ing a fluid under pressure;v of a valve casing, an inlet for the fluid, afloat in' the?res'ervoiigfV an inlet yvalve o'fgreater. area than the inlet, connected to the float so ast-olie 'actuatedthereby to closethe inlet when the 'float risesg'and an outlet conunun'icating withithefcasing sofas tofbe varied by the valve thereinE and' kept lessv than the inletwhen the"y valve "isvawaylfrom the `latte1'.". i

13; The combination with ajsupply pipeA 1- ,for-'conducting Huid under presglretareserz; v oin' for iuid, and.` a` float in. the reservoir, f of 'a'valvec'asingg an "inlet -for conducting fluid from the supply pipe. into ,the valve casing, an inlet `valve'i'n the casing of greate'ar'V area than' the inlet, and -coxvmected to the'v oat s'o`as to move to'. andfrom the inletas the fioat riseslgand falls, andv a discharge' outlet communicating with the*l casing so as to'be increased whenlthe valve recedes from the inlet, 'and `diminished vwhen the valve approaches the inlet, ,said outlet being less than, the inlet while thel'at-ter is wide open, and until it is nearly closed by the valve.' p

14. vThe combination with a supply pipe `for conducting Huid under pressure, a

reservoir for fluid, and afloat inthe reservo1r, of a valve casing, an lnlet for conduct-- v ing -fluid from the supply pipeinto the valve casin`g, ari-.outlet communicating with the casing, and a valve in the casing of greater area `than` the inlet, and connected Vtov-the float soas -to be actuated thereby, and adapted to control the inlet and outletso that the latterl is `.always less than the" former except 15. A' iloat valve comprising ka oat'zfa valve chamber, `a water inlet .intofsa'ld chamber for-min 'a valve" seat, an outlet fr'y said cham r of jless capacity than the. ;inlet,'av valve in seid chamber and a connection betweencthe'valve and' the float,

reater areathanlrthe at the back pressure eat the valve Ifrom its seatuntilfthe/foat is submerged toa greater extent than 1t would be area ,of the inlet,'jso t I' caused'by the Asmall outlet and the iso by the normal pressure of the water in the inlet, means being provided for varying the pressure in the valve chamber.

16. A ball cock having a valve chamber and an inlet, a valve of greater cross sectional area than the inlet, and an outlet of less capacity than the inlet formed by the surfaces of the valve chamber and the Valve.

17. A ball cock having a valve chamber and an inlet, a valve of greater cross sectional area than the inlet, an outlet of less capacity than the inlet formed by the surfaces of the valve chamber and the valve, and means for varying the pressure in the valve chamber.

18. A ball cock having a valve chamber provided with inlet and outlet passages, a float operated valve, means in the chamber for effecting a variable pressure resistant to the closinfr of the valve, and means for relieving said pressure when the valve is relatively near its seat.

19. A ball cock having a valve chamber provided with inlet and outlet passages, a float operated valve, and `means between the inletand outlet passages for retarding the flow, said means being adapted to vary the degree of retardation.

20. Ay ball cock having a valve chamber provided with inlet and outlet passages, a float operated valve, and means co rating ywith the flow between the inlet an "outlet ofthe valve chamber for developing resistance t-o the closing of the valve, said kmeans being adapted to vary the degree of resistance.

21. A ball cock having a valve chamber rovided with inlet and outlet passages, an inlet valve adaptedto close the inlet in the direction opposite to the flow, means movable with the valve for retarding the flow between the inlet and outlet, a float, and means operable by the lioat for moving the valve, said means being adapted to Vary the ratio of force and movement imparted to the valve.

In testimony whereof I have aiiixed my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

ELMER S. STACK. Witnesses:

A. L. FoLsoM, ARTHUR H. BROWN.