US1037927A - Telegraphy. - Google Patents

Description

I. KITSEE.

TELBGRAPHY. APPLICATION FILED APR. 15, 1907. RENEWED P113. 1, 1912. 1,037,927.

Patented Sept. 10, 1912.

[ N VEN TOR.

WITNESSES: 514 @W UNITED sTA'rEs PATENT OFFICE.

ISIDOR KITSEE, 0F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO WILLIAM J. LA'ITA, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

TELEGRAPHY.

Application filed April 15, 1907, Serial No. 368,327. Renewed February 1, 1912.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ISIDOR Krrsnn, citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tele raphy, of which the following is a speci cation.

My invention relates to an improvement in telegraphy. Its object is, to provide means for a telegraphic circuit with the aid of which each of the series of stations connected to the line may transmit simultaneously two messages in one direction, said messages to be received by the other stat-ions connected to said line.

The invention is applicable to general commercial lines, but it is more adaptable to telegraph lines used for railroad works, where a great number of stations are connected to one line.

The drawing represents in diagram a telegraphic circuit embodying my invention.

1 is the line of transmission provided at one terminal with the battery 2 and at the other terminal with the battery 3. The line is grounded at 4. The batteries 2 and 3 should be of equal force and are, as is clearly illustrated, connected to the line in opposition as to each other. Therefore, if the line is not grounded on any other point, no current will flow over the line.

In the drawing, the line is illustrated as to be provided with the three stat-ions A, B and C. Each station comprises similar devices. similarly designated. I will describe station A, it being understood that the other stations are duplicates thereof. The station comprises two means to connect the circuit to the ground. One means includes the resistance 5, lever 6, stationary point of same 7 and ground 8. The second means includes the resistance 9, lever of key 10, stationary point of same 11 and ground 12. The sta tionary point 11 is also connected with the stationary point 141 in proximity to the contact 7 of the first means. The resistance 5 of the first means should be of comparatively high value and the resistance 9 of the second means should be of comparatively low value. In series with the line are connected the three electro-magnets 15, 16 and 17. The electro-magnet 15, with its arma- Specification of Letters Patent.

that is, the operator Patented Sept. 10, 1912.

Serial No. 674,831.

ture 18, is of a construction, so as to answer to a comparatively weak current; the elecore-magnet 16, with its armature 19, is of a construction so as to answer only to a current of about twice the strength of the former current; and the electro-magnet 17,

with its armature 20, is of a construction, so as to answer only to a very strong current. 21 and 22 are two translating devices, such for instance as sounders. 23 is a battery connected with one pole to the contact 24, in proximity, but normally not in contact, with the armature 18 of the electro-magnet 15, and connected with the other pole through wire 26 with one terminal of the coil of the translating device 22, the other terminal of said coil being connected to contact 25, normally in contact with the armature 20 of electro-magnet 17. The coil of electro-magnet 21 is connected with one terminal to wire 26 and with the other terminal to contact 29, normally in contact with the armature 19 of electro-magnet 16. The armature 18 is connected through wire 30 with the armature 20. 31 is a resistance in the path of the circuit connecting the coil of translating device 22 to the battery 23. 36 is a resistance, normally out of play but adapted to be insertedin the circuit connecting the coil of translating device 21 to the source of current 23, as soon as the arma ture 19 leaves the contact point 29. 37 is a resistance normally out of play, but adapted to be inserted in the circuit connecting the coil of 22 to the source of current 23, as soon as the armature 20 leaves its contact 25. The value of these resistances as to each other should be as follows: The resistance 36 should be about equal to the value of the combined resistances 37 and 31 and, therefore, the resistance 36 should be of a value higher than the resistance 31 alone. The

operation of this arrangement is as follows:

Normally, that is, when the line is idle, no current will flow, as the batteries 2 and 3 are opposed to each other and are of equal electromotive force. V

i It is now supposed that the first operator, of key 6, desires to transmit a message over the line. .He depresses his key and establishes thereby a path for the current of both the batteries 2 and 3 but as the resistance 5 is of comparaclose the circuit containing the battery 23..

The flow from this battery will, therefore, be as follows: from the positive pole to contact 245, armature 18, wire 30. Here the current will divide and will flow in part through armature 19, contact 29 and coil 21, and in part through armature 20, contact 25, coil of 22 and resistance 31. But as the resistance 31 is of comparatively high value, the current will divide in a manner, so that the greatest part will flow through coil of 21 and only a small frac tion through coil of 22. The translating device 21, therefore, will be actuated and will answer to the depression of key (3 in the same manner as translating devices, such as sounders, answer in the systems now in use. It is now supposed that the operator stationed at key 10 desires to transmit a message. He depresses his key and as 9 is of a far less resistance than 5, a far greater amount of current will flow over the line. Through the flow of this current, both the electro1nagnets 15 as well as 16, will be energized suliicient, so as to actuate their respective armatures. The armature 18 will contact with 2-1, but the armature 19 will at the same time break the contact 29. Through the making of the contact with 24, the circuit of 23 is established and the current will "flow through both the coils of 21 and 22, but now the division of the current will be just opposite from what it was at the first instant, for the reason that the coil 21, formerly directly connectedto the circuit of battery '23, is now connected to said battery with the interposition of the resist-- ance 36, and as the resistance 36 is of a value far greater than the resistance 31, it is obvious that the greater amount of current will flow through the coil of 22 and will actuate this'device in the same manner as sounders are now actuated, but at the same time the devices 21 will remain silent for the reason that not sufiicient energy passed through its coil. It is now supposed that the operator at key 6 as well as the operator at key 10, desire to transmit messages. It is supposed that both of these operators depress the key at one and the same time. Through the depression of both of these keys, the line will be connected to the ground without the interposition of any of the resistances 5 or 9, and the current flow will be proportional to the force of the battery minusthe resistance of the line. The current flow therefore will be a very large one and will be sufficient to actuate even the electro-magnet 17.- The results of the flow of this current will, therefore, be first the closing of the circuit containing the battery 23 through armature 18; second, the opening of the direct circuit of 21 and inserting in that circuit the resistance 36, and also the opening of the direct circuit of 22 through the movement of armature 20 away from point 25 and, therefore, the insertion in this circuit of resistance 37. We, therefore, have the translating device 21 connected to the circuit of 23 with'the interposition of resistance 36 and the device 22 connected to the same circuit with the interposition of 31 and 37; and as the value of 31 and 37 is equal to the value of 36, it follows that the current will divide in equal proportion and will thereby actuate both the translating device 21 and translating device 22, it being understood that the amount of current the battery 23 is able to generate, is sutiicient for two or more of such translating devices.

lt is impossible to give exact figures for the value of the different resistances, as the same has to differ for different systems, and the proportions which I now give are only approximate. It is supposed that each of the batteries 2 and 3 comprises about 200 cells and that the line is only of, say'1,000 or 2,000 ohms resistance. In this case, the resistance 5 should be about 75,000 to 100,000 ohms and the resistance 9 of only from 25,000 to 30,000 ohms. In this case also, the resistance 31 may have a value of about 50 ohms, the resistance 37 to be about 200 ohms'and the resistance 36 to be about 250 ohms.

Such in broad outlines are the features of my invention and it can be seen that with this arrangement telegraphic. stations, placed at different towers in a railroad circuit, may be operated in a manner, so as to send simultaneously two messages to or receive sinniltaneously two messages from a second station.

It has to be stated, in relation to the local circuit and the electro-magnets operating the same, that the first electro-magnet, that is, electro-magnet 15 was purposely so arranged as to the local circuit, that it required the whole movement of the armature from its resting place to the contact 2i, to actuate the local circuit. The time it takes for this armature to produce this result will always be greater than the time it takes for either the armature 10 or 20, (as the case may be), to break away from its resting place, provided thecurrent is strong enough to energize its respective elcctro-magnets. Vi ith this arrangement, the proper translating devices will always be actuated, for the reason that the proper resistances will be placed in their circuit, before the circuit through armature 18 is in reality made.

Having now described my invention, What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s

1. A telegraphic system comprising for each terminal a set of batteries, both batteries connected in opposition as to each other, a series of stations for the line of transmission, each station equipped with means to send simultaneously two messages to a second station, said means comprising two transmitting means connected with the interposition of resistances to the ground, one of said means provided with means to shunt the resistance of the second of said transmitting means, each station also equipped with receiving means, said receiving means comprising a series of electromagnets connected in the line of transmission, resistances for part of said electromagnets and means to shunt one or the other of said resistances through the movement of the movable part of one or the other of said electro-magnets.

2. In a system of telegraphy wherein each station is equipped with two transmitting keys, three electro-magnets inserted in the line, a local circuit common to the armatures of all of said electro-magnets, a resistance for the armature and forward stop of two of said electro-magnets, two local sounders and means to operate one local sounder through the arrival" of an impulse of one strength and means to operate a second local sounder through the arrival of an impulse of a different strength.

3. A telegraphic system comprising for each terminal a set of: batteries, both sets in opposition as to each other, and comprising a series of stations, each station equipped with two sending keys connected each, with the interposition of a resistance, to the ground; means for one key to shunt the resistance of the other key when depressed and means for the second key to shunt its own and the other resistance when both of said keys are depressed, in combination with receiving means comprising three electromagnets connected in the line and comprising two localized electro-magnets operatively related to said three electro-magnets in a manner, so as to operate one of said 10- calized electro-magnets through the operation of one of the line magnets and to operate the second localized electro-magnet through the operation of the other line magnet.

4. In a system of telegraphy, means to transmit or receive simultaneously two messages, said means comprising two sets of batteries connected in opposition as to each other and in series as to the line, two transmitting keys for each station, three line magnets for each station two localized magnets for each station, the localized magnets in operative relation to the line magnets and adapted each to respond to the movement of a different line magnet.

5. In combination with a line of transmission, a series of stations distributed along said line, each station equipped with two transmitting keys and means to receive simultaneously two messages and translate each message separately into sound; the line also provided at each terminal with a source of current; both of said sources in opposition as to each other.

' In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ISID OR KIT SEE.

Witnesses ALvAI-I RITTENHOUSE, H. C. YETTER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0.

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