US1037757A - Thermodynamic motor. - Google Patents

Description

L. A; HAINBS.

THERMODYNAMIG MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 3, 190s.

Patented bspt. 31,1912.

6 SHEETS-SHEET l.

CQ" mw@ Ill'o A.. HAI ES.

TEBRMODYNAM C MOTOR.

APPLIOMION FILED AUG. 3, 190B.

L. A. HANBS.

THERMODYNAMIG MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. a, 1908. f

Patented Sept. 3, 1912.

6 SHEETS-SEEETS.

L. A. HAINBS. THERMODYNAMIG MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED AUG,e,1u os.

1,037,757. Patented Sept. 3, i912.

6 SHEETS-SHEET L. A. HAINES.

THERMODYNAMIC MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. a, 1908.

1,037,757 patented sepiaE 3, im.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

M55-156 e6 f' L. A. HAINES.

THERMODYNAMIG MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.3,1908.

1,037,757. 7 Patented sept. 3,1912.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

standpoint of structua UNITED sTATns rATnnT onirica LEWIS A. HAINES, OF MOUNT VERNON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO HAINES THERMO 'DYNAMIC MOTOR COMPANY, 0F PITTSBURGH, ENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGTNIA.' 4

Trinnivionvniirirc Moron.

iatented Sept. 3, 1912.

Application filed August 3, 1908. Serial No. 446,640.

.naniic motor vand is preferably:embodied in 'that class of engines known as turbines ot the internal combustion type, though the essential principle of operation may be equally Well utilized rclasses ot engines wherein it may be found necessary at intervals to permit a part ot the working organization to cool down without deteriorating the rotative effectiveness and generated driving power of such engines.

lt is essential in engines ot' the turbine class using an explosive motive agent and wherein a highly heated condition of the drivino' elements results by a continual contact. ot the motive agent therewith, that the teml'ierature of the said elements be controlled prevent molecular disintegration and structural deterioration ot' the buckets, vanes or analogous driving means constituting the turbine driving elements to maintain a practical operation of the said elements and render them con'imerciall valuable from a economy. This temperature control, however, must-be practised without causing a fluctuation or an intermittence in the constancy ot actuation of the driving elements, ai d it is also necessary under these conditions to so regulate the supply ot motive agent and its explosion that the generation ot potential energy and the-instruit resolving of the latter into i eration of the driving elements is a primal feature of the present invention'7 and secondarily tho control and regulation of snpply to various parts of the motor ot the motive agent. and the explosion oft the latter at predetermined intervals conjointly orV carried out in other" to such an extent as to obviate and.

with the reduction of temperature and as practised in the present motor are characteristics which render it possible to continuously operate the driving elements at a high rate of speed with obvious advantages in the driving power of the motor for various uses and particularly in applications to electrical generators and analogous electrical apparatus.

The invention in its broadest sense consists of a motor having power generating means or elements, n'iechanism controlling the delivery of a heated motive agent to the power generating means, and means for automatically shutting otl' the motive agent at intervals from portions of the power generating means without cessation of movement ot' the latter to permit said poi'- tions to cool down.

The invention -`further consists of a motor having power generating means, mechanism controlling the delivery of the motive agent to ditl'erent portions ot the power generating means, and means for automatically shutting ott and applying the motive agent from and to the power generating means to permit dierent portions of the latter to become alternately inaet-ive'and active as a driving means and respectively. cool down at intervals.

The invention further consists of a motor having power' generating means, and automatically operating mechanism-for alternately applying and shutting oill a motive agent to and from differentportions of the said generating means to render the latter respectively inactive and active in part as a drive means at intervals 1; `l permit the inactive part to cool down uhilo the activo part eopei'ating therewith is driving the inactive partand generating iower.

'llie invention further consists of a thermo-dynainic motor of the internal combustion type provided with related driving and motive agent supply means, vand having niechztnism for rendering portions thereof alternately active and inactive tp reduce 'the heated condition ot the inactive parts.

The invention still further consists of a thermo-dynamic motor 4having driving elements, means for supplying a motive agent to said elements in alternation and including combustion mechanism under electric control` and means for automatically shutting olf the lsupply of motive agent at i'na set. of pumps and t-ervals and simultaneousl electrically deenergizing a portion ofl said combustion mechanism.

The invention specifically consists also in certain combinations and subcombinations of elementsvvhich will be particularly referred to preferred form in the subjoined description and subject to modification as to equivalent structures fairly falling within the scope of the invention, and in the drawings a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown appliedl to a thermodynamic motor of the internal combustion type'for the purpose of demonstrating one practical application of the controllmg principle and essential features of the mvention, but it-Will be understood that tlfe invention is not limited to this precise machine or to the specilic structural features which will be hereinafter enumerated.

In the drawings 'Figure 1 is an elevation of a motor embodying the features of the invention. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical sec'- tion of one half' of the motor. Ff` 3^ is a similar view of the remaining half of the motor. 'Fig t is a transverse vertical section taken in the plane of the line H, Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section taken in the plane of the line 5-5 of Fig. 3. liig tl is a transverse section taken in the plane of the line 6*(5 `of Fig. 3. Fig. 7 is a detail. sectional elevation of a part of the timing mechanism and the governing mech.- anism. Fig. 8 is a plan View of portions of the turbine elements showing the arrangement of the buckets. Fig. 9 is a diagrammatie view of the electrical connections for the. two of sparking plugs.

tu milar characters of reference are employed, to indicate corresponding parts in theseveral views.

The numeral 1 designates a turbine or :nain driving shaft projecting-from an intcrmeijliate hub 2 fixed thereto or forming a part thereof and to which inwardly dished turl.' i n supports 3 are secured and haue outer flanged extrc utics l on which the tur'- binc elcn'icnts are disposed, two sots or series of turbineelements being used in thc present instance and spaced. for conjoint operation with duplex motive agenti and supply means which, will be presently cxplain-ed. The one motive agent controlling supply means and including' combustion devices is designated by the reference character A.. and the other by B, and each includes a corresponding number of compression plungers of duplicate conon and operatively connected to opi la extremities o1 the main or turbine shaft 1.,- and embody interrelated mechai'iuechanically controifng. explo d i ry of the motive agent to the v element at intervals in all i l tion of the two ternation, andis the motive agent controlling supply means A and B are exact duplicates in construction and oieration it will sutliceto `."pecifically describe one of the same. Each motive agent controlling supply meansihas a central shaftl 5 in longitudinal alinement with the main or turbine shaft .1f-.but operatively independent of the lattergthe inner terminal of each shaft 5 and the outer terminal of the shaft 1 being adjacent and separated by hard steel thrust disks 6. The object of this separate shaftorganization is to permit the main or turbine shaft 1 to run freely at a predetermined high rate of speed and the shafts 5 at a corrcspomlingly low rate of speed so as to eli'ect a regular and practical operasets of pumps and explosion devices and insure constancy in the accumulation of potential. energy and delivery of kinetic energy to the turbine driving elements and thereby avoid also extra resistance tothe substantial free running of the turbine or main shaft 1 and an impractical operation -of the motive agent supply controlling means which would result if the shafts 5 'were rotated at the same high rato of speed as the` main or turbine shaft 1. On each extremity of the main or turbine shaft l. a pinion 7 is secured and continually meshes with transmitting gears 8 carried on gear shafts l) parallel with the shaft 5 and having bearing in a portion of the frame l which serves also to give bearing to the extremities of the shafts 1 and 5. On the extremities ot' the shafts 9 opposite those carrying the gearsS are pinions 11, one on each shaft, and exactly corresponding in dimensions and number of teeth to the pinion 7. The pinions 11 are held in continual mosh with a gear l2 keyed to the shaft 5 and of the same dimensions as the gears ts'.

'lhe gearing just described may be properly termed a compensating means or gearing, and though the speed of rotation of each shaft. relatively to the main or turbine shaft 1 may be varied in turbines constructed in acmrrlaucc with the invention, it has been found that the most beneficial proportions or ratio of speed is four to one, or four revolutions of the .main or turbine shaft 1 will give one revolution of the shaft 5. liadially arranged around each shaft 5 is a plurality of pump.l which in the present instance are shown as six in number and each embodies a cylinder 1S, a hollow piston 14 and a corresponding number of piston rods l5 and 16, theone pistou rod 16 slight-ly differing in its conmctions from the remaining piston rods 15. Each of the piston rods is movably attached at. 'its inner extremity to an eccentric strap 17 and at its outer extremity likewise connected 'within the, piston 14, as shown by Fig. 4

s o ,5 the said eccentric strap 217 being applied to an eccentric 18 carried by the shaft 5. The outer extremity of the piston rod 1G is movably connected to the piston 14, but the inner extremity of said piston rod is fast to the eccentric strap to maintain the latter in proper position and against Wabblingor to insure a posit-ive operation of said strap by the eccentric 18. It Will therefore be understood that the piston rod 16 acts as a holding leg for the eccentric strap 17, but in the performance of this function the piston rod l Will-not be in the least restricted in its reciprocating and oscillating movements. An eccentric 19 is also ser cured on the shaft adjacent to the eccentric 18 and connected to the latter' orconioint operation by bolts 20, the eccentric 19 being-engaged by an eccentric strap 21 tol which are movably` attached a series ot'v radially arranged plungers 22 reciprocatingly mounted in compression or explosion chambers 23 corresponding in number to the pumps. rihe eccentric 18 is set in advance of the eccentric 19 so that the compression or explosion chambers vyill be sufiiciently charged with the motive agent prior to the time that the several plungers Q2 reach a full compressing position or exert a degree f compression on the motive agent desired to effect a practical potential. energy. in other Words, the pumps operate, as will be presently explained, to charge the chambers With the motive agent regularly and suiiiciently prior to the time thatV the several plungers Q2 reach the limit` ot their full compressing movements.

Each 'motive agent controlling supply means including combustion devices, or each section. or organization for the purposes mentioned and designated by A and B, is supplied at the outer extremity with an annular mixing chamber 24 to which suitable carbureting mechanism maybe eXteriorly connected, and communicating With this mixing vchamber at intervals are inlet passages 25 corresponding in number to the number pump cylinders 1? and opening into the outer extremities ot the latter. The communication ot each pump cylinder' 1?. with its passage. 25 is controlled bya me# chanicaiiy operated inwardly opening valve 2G having stem Z7 4movably projecting outwardly through part ot the frame or inclosure ot the motor as at 28 and having a closing spring 29 copcrating therewith and seated in a recess 30. All of the valves 'JG are]I regularly operated by mechanical mcansto open them and establish communication between the pump cylinders and the passages Q5 and the stress of the springs is such as to prevent the several valves.

from being opened bythe pressure of the motive agent passing from the mixing chamber 24v into the passages 25. The ades vantage ofthis mechanical control ofA the several valves Q6 is that a practical successive operation of the pump cylinders att predetermined intervals is obtained Without liability ot the disadvantagesthat might result trom a supply of the mot-ive agent entering pump cylinders at the time not continually in contact with the outer ends` i of the stems orvalve rods 27. The' push pins or rods S1 are disposed inllongitudinal alineinent in relationito the valve stems or rods :27 and their outer extremities, Which are always exterior of the motor inclosure, are engaged by actuating le"vers 33 held by intermediate fulcrum projections or supports 4rsecured t o the part of the motor nclosure or trame adjacent to the mixing, chamber :24. The inner ends ot t-he ac-A tuating levers loosely/bear on'the outer ends or" the push pins or rods 31, and the outer ends of said levers have connecting rods 35 movably attached thereto and pro jecting inwardly in radial relation to the outer projecting extremity of the shaft 5 and cooperating with a timing mechanism. rihis mechanism comprises aninner circular frame 36, see Fig. 6, which is shiftably disposed or oscillatable within an outer fired inclosure or shell37 having a sleeve 38 fitted in the center of the end inclosing head 3S) of the motor and having the shaft 5 rotatably extending therethrough, the center or .the inclosure or shell being bored out at its outer side and gentrally to receive cam 41 secured on the outer reduced exremity 4Q ci the shaft 5 and held in place by a nut or analogous device 43, the inclosure or shell 37 being also secured at in- 'tervals to the head 39 by bolts-4 -The'cam 41 is xed on the shaft 5 and consists of a sleeve having a single cam projection 46 Which rotates closely-to the inner surface of the Wall 45 or the bo'red out portion 40 of the inclosure or shell37, the said Wall 46 being circumferentially slotted at intervals, or having `in the present instance aseries of sixslots 47 through which are projected a plurality of radially 'arranged slide pins 48, which are also movable out- Wardly through the periphery ot the shittable frame 36. The pins 48 are movable in a corresponding number of radial pockets 4, 'naamw 49 in which springs 50 are disposed and bear on portions of the pins to normally prolject the latter inwardly through the slots 47. These slots 47 have such linear extent as to compensate for shifting movement of the frame 36 and the pins 48. The outer ends oit' the pins 48 aieinormally within or coincident with the plane of the periphery of the frame 3G and also in radial alinement with openings 51 in the. inclosure or shell 37 and through which projectterminal pins or extensions 52 on the inner ends of the connecting rods 35.

cuinterential groove 53 which is intersected by the openings 51, the pins 4S being projectable into this groove when the controller or fraaie 36 is shifted in a manner which will be presently explained.

From the foregoing it will be understood that there are the saine number of slide pins 48 andiconnecting rods 35 as there are pump cylinders 13, and through the operation of the cam 41 the several pump cylinders in each of the 'sections A, B, are regularly opened to the mixing chamber in succession so long as the pins 48 are in radial alinement with the projections 5:2 of the said connecting rods, and by this means the pump cylinders ,will be charged oi suppliedl with the motive agent by mechanically opei'-v ating timed means. The controller or trame 36 is shifted or oscillated at intervals within the inclosure or shell 37 through t-lie medium ot an arm 54 rigidly connected thereto and carrying a roller 55, sce Figs. 2, (S and 7. The outer end of the arm inovably connected to theinner tern'linal of the arm 56 ot' a switch yoke 57 coacting with contacts 58 in electrifal connection with a source ot electricity and also with the sparking plugs in the explosion chainbei's and which will be more fully hereinafter explained. Adjacent to the roller and fixed on the outer extremity of a shaft 5S) is a cam GO having peripheral low and high portions tit and (52, as clearly shown by Fig. (3. The rtrller is always in contact Vwith sonic portion ot' the perimeter o't the cani Gt), and when the low portion G1 ot' said cani is in engagement with the roller 55 the shitting trame or controller 36 will be in the position shown by Fig. '6. but when the high portion G2 of said cam is in engage i ineii't with the roller 55 the arm 54 will have been pushed laterally and the frame or controller 36 shifted or oscillated within the inclosure 37 to throw the slide pins f4.8 out of alinement with the projections 52 of the connecting rods B5, and under the latter condition the connecting rods 35 will remain inactive or immovable and the valves 2G will all stand in closed condition and shut olf the adjacent pump cylinders .trom communication' with 'the passages 25 and ini-Xing cham- The inner side of the inclosure or shell 37 1s formed with a cir-4 52 of the said connecting rods The circumferential groove 53 is deep enough to compensate tor the maximum outward movement of the slide pins 48 without the least restriction and the shaft 5 thus permitted to have unretarded rotation. When the arin 54 is pushed laterally by the high portion G2 of the cam (30 to shift; the frame or cont-roller 36, the switch yoke 57 simultaneously disengaged from the contacts 58, and hence the disengagement ot the timing mechanism coillierating with one section, either A or B, simultaneously effects a breaking of thc electric circuit in which the sparking plugs of the section affected are included, and thereby the said plugs are electrically denergizcd and all liability' ot sparking of the said plugs and irregular ev plosions in. the connai-essieu or explosion chamber is avoided, and, turthcrmore, the full strength of the electric current `trom the electrical source thrown over to the section which is active. y

The lateral movement of the arm 54 takes place against the resistance of a spring (i3 engaging a rod G4 which is directly connected to the arm 54 and interposed between the latter and the yoke arm 5G, as clearly shown by `Fig. 2. The spring ('33 is located in a box or inclosure (i5 secured on the head 39 adjacent to the cani (l0 and the rod (54 is movable through the said inelosure or box and when the arm 54 is pushed laterally by the said cani the rod 64 is pulled through the box against and compr the spring (53 so that when the roller or is released or disengaged from the high poi-(ion (l2 oli' the cani (50 and engaged by the low portion G1 of said cam, said arm 54 is grzuloally lorced into normal position by said spring G3 tending to resume its normal condition and thus the shift-able Vfianie or mmtiollcr 3G willA be moved within the lorlosure or shell. 37 around the outer extrcniity of the shaft 5 until the pins 48 are in alinement with the project-ions of the connecting rods 35, the movement of the traine or controller 36 being dependent upon traverse of the low portion of the cani (3() with relation to the roller This restoration of the frame or controller 36 to normal pojition through the movement of the arm 54 will at the sam@` time again establish engagement `ofthe switch yoke 57 with the contacts 8 and energize the sparking plugs ot the sec tion directly alteeted by the i'edisposition' fitted xwithin the frame of the motor and this Aparticular valve organization is du licated in connection With each pump cy inder, eath valve 7 6 opening outwardly Withy relatioii to its cylinder and'in contradistinction yto the valve 26 opening inwardly into thecylinder. The valves 26 and 76 together wi'tli their stems and coperating spring devices are arranged in a section 81 suitably 10 constructed foiuthis purpose, said section also having the passages formed therein and-extending fully around the series of pln'ps or applied adjacent to the pump'cylyinders as shown by Fig. l. Between the cas- 15 Vi'ng 78 and the passage 25 the section 81 is projected as at 82 to fit over the outer end and form an outer closure for each pump cylinder and in this outer closure the seats vare formed for the respective valves 26 and 2o 716. Between each casing 78 and the seat for the valve 76 a chamber 83 is provided and has communication through or around the valve casing with a channel or conduit 84 opening fully at one extremity into the cas- .25 ing 78 and at the opposite extremity where ayalve lseat 85 is formed, communicating lwith the compression or explosion chamber -i 23. An inwardly opening valveSG coper ates with the seat 85 and has an outwardly 30! extending stem 87 movable in a tubular head i 88 closed by a plug 89, the said head 38 I forming'a part of a section 90, the latter also having the channel or conduit Si ,formed therein.' Aspring 91 coperates 35,'ivith the stem S7 of the valve 86 to normally hold the said valve to its and said spring has a tension which is suflicient to resist a certain predetermined pressure of the imotive agent within the channel or con- 40-duit '-84 and which may be regulated at will by removing the plug S9 and tighteningA up or loosening a nut 92 on the outer end of the stem 87 and bearing against a follower 93 with'which one extremity of the spring 91 engages;` The motive agent is accumulated within-jthe channel or conduit S4 by successive operations of the plunger' 14 in the cylinder 13,-the valve 26 controlling the inlet to the chamber 13 being closed by the compressing stroke ot' the piston 14 and the valve 76 opened by the same stroke of the .piston and in view of -the fact that the capacity of the cylinder is greater than that of the channel or conduit S4, the compression of the motive agent in the said channel or conduit will be in excess of the compression or pressure of t-heplotive agent in the cylinder 13 andpartieiilarlylafter a repeated operation of the piston prior'gfto compression movement ot the plunger 22 t When the motive agent accumulated in the channel or conduit 84 has pressure greater than the resistance set up by the spring 91 the valve SG will be foreedmopeu and the motive agent under pressure will `chamber -and terminates at its inner ex enter the compression or explosion chamber 23 just at the instant that the head 94 of the plunger 22 begins its outstroke. At the instant the`plunger 94 begins its outstroke, the valve S6.` is closed and the motive agent is compressed to a degree in accordance with the limit of the outstrolce of the plunger and which compression will be determined when the several elements or components of. themotor are organized. Within the outer extremity of the compression chamber 23 is a sparking plug 95 connected up in electri-4 cal circuit to a source of electric supply or generation, as shown by Fig. 9, this circuit alsov including the contacts 58 with which the switch yoke 57 coacts. There will be the same number of compression or explosion chambers 23 as there are pumps in each section A and B, and the several plungers 22 will be timed to move outwardly at an inter- 35 val in each instance after the pump pistons 14 have completed their charging o rations or have accumulated a sutlicient c arge of the motive agent under pressure within the several channels or conduits 84. Each plunger head 94 is4 tubular and provided with suitable packing rings, the wall of the head adjacent to its inner extremity being cut through as at 96 to form egress pas sages which register with outlet openin 97 and 98 respectivelylocated at interme iate and inner portions of the wall of the chamber 23. The openings 97 communicate with a discharge duct 99 `which surrounds the 100 tremity close to the turbine elements. This duct 99, as shown by Fig. 5, is divided by preference into two outlet spouts 100 neparatcd by a central partition 1'01 and converging toward their outlet extremities and also deflected at oblique angles in the direction ot rotation of the turbine elements.

The outlet spouts 100 have their.inner terminals spaced a distance equal to that betweeut-he driving buckets or analogous -devices carried by the turbine elements and which will be more fully hereinafter described. Theopening 98 conununicates with a. residuum exhtiust passage or duct 102 which surroundstthe inner extremity of the wall of the lchamber 23 and outlets into the Y inner part otl'the turbine to permit the exhausted residuum to become dissipated. Then the plunger head 94 reaches the limit oit its outstroke or completes its compressing 12o action with relation to the motive agent the egress passages or openings 96 will be in registration with the discharge duet 99 and instantly or at a short interval after the full compression the charge will be exploded and the potential energy generated by the explosion of the motive agent: will be instantly resolved or converted into kinetic energy which will forcefully escape through the said discharge duet and he delivered to 130 ganization in cool condition, but especially the turbine elements heretofore explained and which are continually subjected in alternation to a high degree of heat which would be increased by the rapid rotation of Ithe turbine asa whole but for the cooling partition and other means which will now be explained. Between the supports 3 and the adjacent partition 110 the exhaust chamber '07 is formed as hereinl'icfore specified, ant this exhaust chamber also becomes an air receiving chamber by the ingress of air thereto from the exterior of the motor through openings 113 formed in the heads of an outer inclosing casing 114. These openings permit air to pass between the turbine elcments or buckets whilethe latter are rotating, the air being separated from the motive agent passing through the said elements or buckets, and flowing into the exhaust chamber and escaping with the exhaust. The casing 114 may be removed to give access to the turbine and adjacent parts. By providing the air circulating or cooling means as just explained, the .turbine elements are caused to rotate in an air or cooling zone without interfering with the action of the motive agent on the turbine elements, and the air being rapidly drawn outv with the exhaust after passing into the combined exhaust and air receiving chamber 107 has a tendency to draw the air in* wardly sutliciently to create a circulation ot,

t-he air and which will result in a continuous displacement of the heated air in the exhaust chamber by cooler air, andthereby maintain a degree of temperature of the air within the casing and adjacent to the turbine elements comparatively low and highly bcne icial in reducing the tendency ot the tu rvbine elements to become heated to an ex- 'cessive degree that would be inpirious to the turbine buckets, and when the turbine elements are alternately inactive as driving nuans or have the .motive .agent cut oil therefrom, the inactive' elements will be more rapidly cooled down in the air Zone provided by the inflowing air as explained.

From the foregoing the operation of the motor will be readily understood, but to summarize the same in its broadest. aspect it will be understood that the pumps and explosion chambers of the two sections A and B alternately coact .in delivering the motive agent to the respective turbine elements nearest to the sections, and while one secs tion andyits turbine elements are inactive as driving means and cooling down, the other section and its turbine elements are regularly working and the desired speed. maintained so as to rotate the two .shafts 5 from which power maymbe taken by any suitable means' t'or driving electrical generators or other mechanismsgvand by such operation the degree oit' efficiency of motors of this type or` rially increased not only from a standpoint of constancy in high speed -and'drlving power, but also in preventing deterioration of the structural parts and thus materially reduce the cost of maintaining high speed turbines in practical condition.

.Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, is:

l. A motor of the class described having rotary power generating turbines, mechanism controlling the delivery of a heated motive agent to different portions' of the power generating turbines in alternation, the power generating turbines becoming heated by the motive agent, and means for automatically shutting ofi' and applying the motive agent from and to different portions of the power generating turbines to render portions of the latter alternately inactive and active and permit the same to cool down at intervals, the inactive portions of the turbines having the motive agent wholly excluded `therefrom while the active portion thereof is supplied with said agent.

2. A motor having rotary power generating turbines embodying separate groups of active elements, mechanism controlling the delivery of a heated motive agent toA the groups, the groups of elements becoming heated by the motive agent, and means for completely shutting olf the motive agent at intervals from the groups in alternation without uctuating the operation of the motor as a whole to permit the group relieved of the motive agent to cool down while the remaining group is active.

In a motor, power generating turbines having separated groups of revolublyactive elements, and means having an automatic operation tor alternately applying and shutting off a heated motive agent to and from the groups of active elements in alternation to render one group inactive as a drive means at intervals but rcvoluble with the active group to permit the inactive group to cool down while the active group is driving.

4, A thermodyiiamic motor havinglr separate groups of coacting rotary driving elements, each group embodying a plurality of similar elements, meansI controlling the supply of motive agent successively to the elements ot the separate groups in alternation, the elements becoming heated from the motive agent, and moans for automatically and successively shutting olf the supply of motive agent from the separate groups of 'elements at intervals to permit said elements to cool.

5. .A thermodynamic motor having driving elements arranged in separate groups, means for supplying a motive agent to the `groups of elements in alternation including combustion means having electrically conseparate groups s troiied ignition devises, and means "end e sealing parti 4iin-QLfing motive agent in al 65 elly centreiied ignition devices to? id groups of devices, the one y "ieefiiy shutting the snppiy et ne devices being active While motive agentiom separate groi. is o ietive as a driving Ineens, an eenlents let interifais and simuiteneeusiy l d cooling chamber in which seid cutting oi' the combustion ineens eieet 'resps ot turbine devices ere mounted, and 70 tricaily centreiied ignition devicescoipereteenlingV pai ing with the seid eielnents ieiieved the end icc/med between mstive agent.

6. A "Lheiinodyneniic motor provided with of cepeieting driving e it-ion dividing seid chamber the groups Ot' turbine e motor et the class described, sepeerougiof rotary tui-linie devices, ineens 7 im ich; supplying the greups ot turmotive egg/ent supply means and including explosion chambers, the driving ineens bet 1 with n motive agent, the groups 'coming nested fiom the motive agent, and et eieinenzs being inactive at intervals, a mechanism Tier each group of driving and i cef,"'xg chamber in which said devices are moti-ie agent suing/i5 ni uns opeisting eltcrt dispo' d, end hollow partition Within the 80 neteiy tey 'fen rv the groups active and int, innibbetween the groups ot turbine deactive peren "i inactive greup te run i 'vices and provided Wi ineens for suppiy free to reduce t? heated condition thereof. t i; e cooiing;- .-'oediun thereto. i' 7. A inet-ei? oi j eis-ss described having i To s inciter of the dass descibed, reseparste gre L of reteteoie turbine iine devices adapted te have a moments, and means fer' supplying an pied gaat alternately directed thereagainst, ing motive agent sind directing the evoleded un e ehan'ihcr in which said devices agent alterna* ,ly tthe seperate groups are A e and a hollow partition divid- O elenients'te permit "srt et the groups oit ing chamber and Vprovided Vith Ineens element-s to run tree et int Y f s circulation ot water therein. 90 of turiine eienents nes/ing in s sone i v -n e motor ot' the class described, duteinpe" i instive eiwitcoi'opressing and en'- 8 hei/iis i, mi chamber beinesns tf eci-.ninos te the duplicate agent ther etsry turbine devices indi- Whiei'i seid Li'zotive Ated 'cy' and ieee/Led between vfor rdirect and cooling partition i11- in aiterna s e outliers ot the mecha,` turbine ei' nents A* "1.' seid ehm' bei', ceases to act en s f motor oit the class described, duments it insta ptifmse motive ugent controlling supply part ot the sei ns und combustion devices, a main drivof turbine shaft ii exposed between and s 4 with the duplicate hing fly ineens and 105 no ironing independent hines both being repower transmitting. ssccihted with the duhziving' 1 motive :iznt Acontrolling supply 11o separate grou' nie-dns, i und, Combustion devices and separate incioscd e? groups n n 'n driving shntt and in iongiof turbine wylded l id siinemeiit mth the iatter, and gearwith exteriori, We 'mg intei'posi-dl between ythe main driving ceeiing partition between simili; and the power trmisinittingv shafts to 115 1 Y toe lutter at :i speed for practical and groeps et tui ll'. i niet@ Separate grou groups et de e ineens. s desciilied having t op turbine devi" v i seeing e nictive of the ciziss described, agen-t te th i iine del power l er itinggj turhines,n1enns tor applyviees, an w iich the t inl; and shuttingoi the motive ugent therel niotei' groups of' .eine devices are fispesed and te, the generating' turbines 1being diihaving eXterim-iy opening sir inist pi' ted and eeeh ineiodio.

` :i nsin dn,"

este jV ineens, ion dividing the Chamber and arranged beh-veen the tui-eine devices.

l2. A motor o "'"ie separate greups e i Hh the power shafts, ie'niain driving sin??U tion with the respec- USSC? tive power generating turbines and alternatively active and inactive, and means for cooling the inactive turbine devices.

.18. In a inotor of the class described, a shaft having turbines mounted thereon, groups of devices for suiiiplying and sluitting oli1 motive agent relatively to and independently coi'iperating with the turbines, and a shaft coperating with each group of devices, the shafts of the groups of devices ,being operatively associated with the turbine shaft and the latter having a greater speed of rotation than the shafts of said groups of devices. Y

19. In a motor of the class described, duplicate motive agent power generating devices each including a power shaft, a turbine shaft between the duplicate power generating devices in longitudinaly alineinent with the devices individually operable by the power generating devices, and gearing interposed between the two extremities of the latter shaft and power shafts for independently 'operating the said vturbine shafts.

20, ln a motor'of the class described, the combination with duplicate motive agent power generating devices and turbine dcvices, centrifugal governor devices coperating with the power generatin' means, and timing mechanism to control tlie admission of motive agent to the power generating devices in alternation and operatively associated with the centrifugal governor means.

2].. In a motor of the class described, duplicate motive agent power generating devices including sparking plugs and an electric circuit for said plugs, tur ine devices individually operable by the power genera-tio ing devices, timing mechanisms coperating with the power generating devices, and ineens interposed between the timing mechaiiisms and the electrical circuit for the sparking plpgs for rendering the said" plugs is active and inactive in the individual generating devices.

22. ln a motor of the class described, duplicate motive agent power generating devices including sparking plugs and electric 5o circuits for said plugs, turbine devices individually operable by the power generating devices, timing mechanisms coperating with the power generating devices to control the feed'of the motive agent alternately to the power generating devices, and means operated by the timing mechanisms and closing the electric circuits simultaneously with the admission and cut-off of the motive agent with respect to the generating devices.

Q3. In a motor of t-he class described, duplicate motive agent power generating devices including power shafts, sparking plugs and electric circuits for the plums,

i nisms copcrating iower shafts and cari' ino' turbine l in l i l for opening fbine devices individually operable by the teiposed betw power generating devices, timing mechllwith the power generating devices for regulating the supply of motive agenttliereto, centrifugal governorl means, and connections between the 0011-- trifugal governor means and timing mechanisms for regulatinfr the operation of'the latter and between t e said timing mecha-V nisms and the electric circuits for rende the plugs of the duplicate power generating devices alternately active and inactive.

24. In a motor of the class described, m0- tive agent power generating devices including a power shaft and motive agent compressing and explosive means and admission valves, actuating levers coperatin withV the admission valves, a timind mec anism having reciprocating devices or actuating the said levers, 5nd means for rendering the timing mechanism inactive. B5

25. ln a 'motor of the class descl'ild, motive agent power generating devices having admission valves, levers for operating said valves, connecting rods for said levers, a timing mechanism provided with reciprocating devices to enga the connect-- ing rods, and means for shifting the recipi'ocating devices of the timing mecha.- nisni and throwing them out of engaging poiition with relation t0 the connecting 95 rots.

26. In a motor of the class described, motive agent power generating devices including admission valves, a power shaft having a cam device thereon, a timing mechanism concentrically arranged over the )wer shaft and cam device and providedx with a plurality of radially. arranged reciprocating devices o ratively associated with the cam device, evers 'for actuating 105 the admission valves and provided with connecting rods, the connecting rods being operatively enga d by theV reciprocating devices of the timing mechanism, and means for shifting a portion of nism to throw the recipnocating devices out of operative relation with respect to the' con-l necting rods.

27. In a motor of the class described, mo tive agent power ing admission va ves, operativeby thepow andlhavingreciprocat l evioes to individually open the valves', vices, interposed between the reci rocatin `devices and adm's- 12o sion valves, a shiftable r'ume cam` 'n the reciprocating Idevices und provide with n projecting means, and a cam'device engag` nu,rv said projecting. means.

2S. In a motor of' the class described, 125 motive agent power generating devices having admission valves, a timing mchanism including -u, shiftable frame carryin Lying mechanism `erating devices reciprocating evices, operating devices inp en theI reciprocating devices the timing mecha- 110v lggenerating devices inc1udfr;

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