US1037313A

US1037313A - Steam-superheating apparatus for locomotives.

Info

Publication number: US1037313A
Application number: US37578407A
Authority: US
Inventors: John Primrose
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1907-05-27
Filing date: 1907-05-27
Publication date: 1912-09-03
Anticipated expiration: 1929-09-03

Description

J. PRI MROSE.

STEAM SUPBRHBATING APPARATUS FOR LOCOMOTIVES.

. APPLICATION FILED MAY 2'7, 1907. 1-,037,3 1 3.

Patented Sept. 3,1912

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

J. PRI'MROSE, I STEAM SUPERHEATING APARATUS FOR LOCOMOTIVES. APPLICATION FILED MAY 27, 1901.

1,037,313, Patented Sept.'3,1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o w vmmo 10/: n Primras e, 5 mm M/Co-z,

-. To all it may concern.

Joim rmmnosn, or new Yonx, N. Y.

s'rnam-surnnnnarmc ArPAnArus r03 ocomogrrvns.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 3, 1912.

I Application filed may 27, 1907. Serial No. 375,784.

Be it known that I, JOHN PnIMRosE, a I subject of the King of Great Britain,- re-' type.

siding at New York, in the county of Kings and-State of New York,'have invented certalin -TIQW' .and useful Improvements in Stcam-Superheating Apparatus for Loco- -motives, ofwhich the following is a specification, reference being had to the drawing 10 same;

accompanying and forming part of the My invention relates to steam'superheat- 'ers and has for its chief objectto provide a simple and eflicient s'uperheating apparatus'for use with boilers of the locomotive In carrying out the invention in the preferred manner the superheater is incloscd in asuitable chamber'or casing which is arranged transversely across the boiler, somewhat nearer the fire-box than the smoke-box end of the boiler. The superthrough the sides of the boiler; or the chamher or 'box may be formed'of two spaced tube-sheets, reaching from the bottom of the 1 boiler to a suitable height, where it is pro- 'vided with'a cover or roof. At each end of the box is a" lined door, so that each end of the superheater is readily accessible for cleaning, inspection, repairs, etc. The boiler tubes 'o'rfflues which would otherwise pass through thespace occupied by the superheater chamber are made in two lengths,

"those leading from the fire box discharging the furnace gases into the superheating chamber, While those forward of the chamber convey the gases therefrom to the smokebox. The superheater, which is disposed j in; an advantageous manner in l the cham- "ber, is thus sub ected to hot gases at a hlgher temperature than they would possess after passing through the entire length of the tubes, and a higher supcrheat can therefore;

be obtained than is possible with the superheater located in the smoke box.,

A very effective embodiment bf the invention is illustrated in the min xed drawings, to which reference may do. be made. In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a locomotive boiler, with the end of,

. the superheating chamber'in section to show the superheaterin place therein.- Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the portion of the boiler in which the super-heating chamber is located, showing the manner of connecting the superheater with the steam space of the boiler. Fig. 3 is a detail View on a larger scale, in longitudinal section, taken on line III of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a detail View on a larger scale, in transverse section taken on line IV-IV of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a sectional view, on the same plane as Fig. 3, of a modi fication, showing another type of superheating chamber.

The preferred form of superheating chamber is shown in Figs. 1 to 14:, and consists of a rectangular box 1, extending transversely-across the boiler, 2, at a point somewhat nearer the fire-bpx, 3, than the smoke" borne. The ends 01' the chamber project through the sides of the boiler and are rcvided with removable closures 5, 6, to a 0rd ready access to the interior, The chamber 'is secured in position in any suitable manner so'as to make tight joints with the boiler -shell, and the top and bottom'of the chamber may be supported in the same way as the flat surfaces of the combustion chambers common in marine-boiler practice. By reason of its rectangular shape thechamber forms the best possible support for the portions of the-boiler otherwise left unsupported when the openings in the sides are made. All of the strains produced by steam pressure against the boilen shell are taken by members of the box in tension; and since,

as will be seen, there is no tendency for the box to get "out of shape there is practically no danger of leaks. The ends of the tubes, 6, are rolled into the front and rear walls of the chamber, as shown in Fig. 3. The furnacev gases therefore flow through the chamber in their passage to the smoke-box. The superheater itself is preferably composed of two sections, extending from end to end of the chamber, across the boiler, each 'composed of vertical inlet and outlet headers 7 and 8 respectively, and interme- .diate horizontal'tubes 9. The inlet headers? i}. tend through the top of the chamber, outside of the boiler, and are connected by bends lOfito the supply pipe 11-12, inside the boiler and receiving steam from the dome 13. The

in parallel, passes out of the superheater at viding the necessary strength for the element, and .a casing composed of cast-metal tapered rings 17, shrunk'in place on thefoundation (tube. The rings increase the heating surtace oflthe tubes, and at the same time the large mass of metal thus introduced absorbs a considerable amount of heat, thus preventing overheating when starting up or when no steam is passing through, so that automatic devices for protecting the superheater at such times are unnecessary. Also, the heat held by the casing prevents rapid cooling of the superheater when steam is not going through the tubes and the fire is chec ed, so that when steam is again sent through the superheater the steam will leave the superheater at a higher temperature than would be the case ii the cast metal casing were not used.

In the modified construction shown in Fig. 5 the front and rear walls of the chamber are carried down to the bottom of the boiler, like tube sheets, as 18, 19, and to protect the boiler shell the bottom of the chamber is lined with fire-brick, as shown at 20. At a convenient point is an aperture provided with a closure 21, to permit easy removal of cinders, soot, etc., from the chamber. This form of chamber lacks the bottom plate of the other type of chamber,

but its place may be supplied by transverse bars, not shown, below the superheater. In

both forms of superheatingchamber the superheater is spaced from the front and rear :walls sufiiciently topermit the insertion of a blower tube having its' nozzle bent at right angles, for the purpose of blowing soot out of the boiler tubes.

Because of the high degree of superheat ordinarily desirable in locomotives and because of the limited size of superheater that can be used, due to the restricted space available therefor, it is necessary to .have the gases come in contact with the superheater at as high a temperature as the superheater elements will stand. In accordance with these requirements the superheating chamber described herein may be located at any suitable point between the fire box and the smoke-box; and if the tubes are of the Foster type, described above, the superheater may he placed much nearer the firebox, with correspondingly higher superheat, than if tubes of the ordinary kind are used. Numerous other advantages flow from the invention described herein. For example,

readily be cleaned of soot, etc., by means of the, boiler tubes and the superheater can a steam or anjet operated through the ends of the chamber. The superheater is easy of oller heating surface is reduced y the .omission of portions of the fire-tubes, this does not mean that evaporation will be reduced in the same proportion, for the reason that the superheater will absorb less heat from the'gases than would the omitted portions of the fire tubes. Hence the temperature of the gases entering the tubes at the smoke-box side of the chamber will be higher than it would be at the same point 'if the tubes were continuous; consequently there will be a greater difference of temperature between the gases, in the outlet firetubes, and the water surrounding the latter; and more water will therefore be evaporated. The present satisfactory arrangement of exhaust nozzles, screens, etc., in the front end of the locomotive is not disturbed Althou h the 1 as would be the case with a superheater 10- cated in the smoke-box. Other advantages will be apparent to the skilled engineer, but these thus briefly referredto are suflicient to. show the marked utility of the inventionand that it avoids or obviates most, if not all, of the objections heretofore urged against the use of superheaters in -l000-' motives.

It is of course understoodthat the appa-" ratus herein specifically illustrated and deconnected thereto; a superheater in the chamber, spaced from the-open ends of the said connected fire-tubes to permit the introduction of a nozzle for projecting a blast into the tubes to clean the same the superheating chamber having opposite ends projecting through openings in the side walls of .scribed is merely the preferred form of the the boiler, a heating tube in the chamber,

and headers secured to the projecting ends and communicating with said tube, as set forth.

2. The combination with a boiler having fire-tubes: of a superheating chamber extending transversely through. the boiler, connected with a plurality of fire-tubes and having its ends extendingoutside the boiler; and a superheater in the chamber, comprising inlet and outlet headers at the ends of the chamber exterior to the boiler shell, andsuperheating tubes connecting the same; as set forth.

3. The combination with a boiler having at fire-box and fire-tubes lending therefrom, send boiler having oppositely disposed openings in its side walls. of n superliealing element extending transversely of the boiler and connected with said tire-tubes, the ends of the chamber projecting through the openings in the boiler, headers located in the ends of said chamber, steam pipes connecting the headers, and closures for said openings.

4. In a steam boiler, the combination with discontinuous fire-tubes, of a'superheatin chamber located between the sections of sai f tubes, the superheating chamber comprising a substantially rectangular body portion projecting at its opposite ends through opposits sides of the boiler shell.

5. In a steam boiler, the combination with discontinuous fire-tubes, of a superheeting chamber located between the sections of said tubes the superheeting chamber comprising a substantially rectangular body portion projecting at its opposite ends through op posits sides of the boiler shell, and super heating tubes Within the chamber.

6. In a steam boiler, the combination with discontinuous fire-tubes, of a super-heating chamber projecting across the path of the discontinuous fire-tubes and connected there to to establish communication between the discontinuous sections thereof, and. said su ierhceting chamber rojecting through openings in opposite sides of the boiler shell.

7. In it steam boiler, the combination with discmitinnous lire-tubes, of a siiperhcatinp;

chamber located between the sections of said tubes, the superheating chamber comprising a substantially rectangular body portion projecting at its opposite ends through on posit-e sides of the boiler shell, and super heating'tnbes within the chamber, and removable closures at the projecting ends of said chambers.

8. The combination with e 'hoiler oi the locomotive type, having a tire-box and e smoke-box connected by fire-tubes, of a superheeting chamber between the fire-box and the smolre-hox arranged in the path of and extending transversely across a plurality of fire tubes and connected thereto, said chamber being" of less heightthan the ver tical diameter of the boiler and supported above the bottom. thereof, whereby to leave above and below the chamber free communication for steam and waterin the portions of the boiler in front and rear of the chamher, and a superheeter mounted in the chamberend connected with the steam space of the boiler, and means for conveying the sunerhected steam from the superheoter to the cng me, l

9. The combination with a boiler of the locomotive type, having a fire-boy; and tiretu bes leading therefrom, of a; box-like superheating chamber extending through the side walls of the boiler in front of the fire-box and across a plurality of the firetubes, the bottom of said chamber being spaced above the bottom of the boiler and the top of the chamber being spaced below the top of the boiler whereby to provide free communication between the front and rear portions of the boiler, a superheeter mounted in said chamber and connected with the steam space of the boiler, and re movable closures for the projecting ends of the superheating ehambe 10. The combination with a boiler of the locomotive type, having a furs-boltand a smoke-box opposite ends, and firetubes connecting the two, or? e superheating cheer her extending transversely through the boiler and secured to the side walls of the boiler, a plurality of the firetubes being connected to the tront and rear wells of the chamber to deliver furnace gases to the chamber and convey such gases from the chamber to the smoke-box, the bottom of the chamber being; spaced above the bottom of the boiler and the top of the chamber being space-d below the top of the boiler, a, pair of superheeters mounted in the chamber, means for conveying steam from the boiler to the superhecters, and. independent means for conveying; superheated steam from the superhceters trrthe respective engines.

11. The combination with a boiler of the locomotive type, having a fire-box and a. SIl'lOlZC lJOX and fire-tubes connecting the two, of a superheeting chamber in the form of a. rectangular bomextending transversely tl'irongh the side walls the" boiler and across it plnmlity of the iirc-tubes, to which the front Ll rear wells of the chamher are connected, the top and bottom of the chitfnher being spaced from the top and bottom respectively of the boiler, whereby to provide free communication above and below the chamber between the front and rear portions 01 the boiler, vertical inlet headers in the ends of the snperheating chamber and outside of the boiler, outletheaders along side of the inlet headers, superheating tubes connecting each nlet header to the outlet header on the opposite side of the chamber, means for deliveringsteam from the boiler to the inlet hcnders, and means for conveying steam from the outlet headers to 'the respective engines,

, JOHN rnncnosr.

WVitnesses: M. Laws-0N DYER,

S. S. Dunne-M,