US10357725B2 - Method for producing moulded articles - Google Patents
Method for producing moulded articles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US10357725B2 US10357725B2 US14/395,334 US201314395334A US10357725B2 US 10357725 B2 US10357725 B2 US 10357725B2 US 201314395334 A US201314395334 A US 201314395334A US 10357725 B2 US10357725 B2 US 10357725B2
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- thin
- dissolver
- thick
- film evaporator
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/06—Evaporators with vertical tubes
- B01D1/065—Evaporators with vertical tubes by film evaporating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/04—Evaporators with horizontal tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/22—Evaporating by bringing a thin layer of the liquid into contact with a heated surface
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/32—Compounds containing nitrogen bound to oxygen
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
- D01D1/02—Preparation of spinning solutions
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B1/00—Preparatory treatment of cellulose for making derivatives thereof, e.g. pre-treatment, pre-soaking, activation
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/06—Wet spinning methods
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
- D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing molded articles from a base substance.
- molded articles subsumes all possible articles obtainable from a natural or artificial base substance. This is generally accomplished with the aid of a molding tool whereby the base substance is brought into a mold for the molded articles.
- Modal fibers are a similar product to viscose fibers. They likewise consist 100% of cellulose and, just like viscose fibers, are produced from natural pulp. However, a somewhat different process results in higher fiber strength and improved fiber properties being achieved.
- the class of cellulosic fibers further includes the fibers known as lyocell fibers.
- the nontoxic solvent NMMO N-methylmorpholine N-oxide
- Lyocell fibers are spun in a dilute aqueous NMMO bath by going below the solubility limit of the cellulose and thereby forming a thread. For this purpose, the corresponding spinning solution is pressed through spinneret dies. This lyocell process is described for example in DE 1 713 486, U.S. Pat. No. 3,447,939 or EP 0 111 518.
- the suitable spinning solution is produced for example in a vertically disposed cylindrical thin-film dissolver (a filmtruder), as described for example in U.S. Pat. No. 5,888,288, A, or in a horizontal thick-layer dissolver (a kneading reactor) as described in DE 198 37 210 or WO 02/20885 A1.
- WO 94/06530 discloses a method of the type in question wherein a cellulose slurry is introduced into a thin-film evaporator. In this thin-film evaporator, evaporation of water and dissolution of the cellulose in N-oxide takes place, so a molding solution becomes highly concentrated. This molding solution is then discharged through a discharge means.
- the spinning solution is produced in the further processable viscosity needed for the spinning process and the cellulose concentration associated therewith.
- Neither device for forming the spinning solution for the production of lyocell fibers is ideal for the entire process of dissolving the base material pulp in the solvent NMMO.
- a vertical thin-film dissolver has a good heat-transfer performance, but a short residence time, thereby failing to ensure the requisite swelling of the natural fibers and the requisite homogenization for a perfect spinning solution.
- a horizontal thick-layer dissolver does provide a longer residence time, which leads to good penetration of the solvent into the fiber and hence to good homogenization for a very good spinning solution.
- the problem addressed by the present invention is that of optimizing the abovementioned method such that larger capacities of, for example, more than 100 metric tons of fibers per day per production line may be achieved.
- the dissolution process can in principle be subdivided into three sections that require very different processing conditions.
- the first section is where the water evaporates from a pulp-solvent suspension (also called slurry) up to the point where the pulp starts to dissolve, which corresponds to the reaching of the dissolution window and hence approximately to the 2.5 hydrate of the NMMO.
- This section requires a lot of thermal energy to evaporate the water, but does not need any additional residence time, since the pulp does not as yet dissolve, and the viscosity of the suspension is low.
- the second section is where the main dissolution with a pronounced increase in viscosity and the lower rate of water evaporation needed for this, down to the approximately 1.5 hydrate of NMMO, take place.
- the third section is governed by the homogenization of the spinning solution and a likewise lower rate of water evaporation down to the approximately 0.8 to 1.0 hydrate depending on pulp concentration.
- the process-engineering analysis shows in connection with the devices used for the dissolving stage that a thin-layer evaporator is by virtue of its good heat-transfer performance very highly suitable for a high rate of water evaporation at low viscosity and short residence time in the first section and that a thick-layer dissolver is by virtue of its very good homogenization performance, the longer residence times and also the processing of higher viscosities and the lower rate of water evaporation very highly suitable for the second and third sections.
- the two devices are linked such that the product spaces are in direct communication, as a result of which the transfer point, being a complicated interface, is located on the inside and hence the transfer of partly changing product consistencies is eliminated. Variations due to a low hold-up on the part of the thin-film dissolver are easily rectifiable by the thick-layer dissolver.
- the concentration of the molding solution and/or of the thinner shall be policed via the optical index (refractive index). This is accomplished in the case of the thinner before incorporation into the molding solution and/or in the case of the molding solution after dilution. What is desired is an optical index for the thinner and/or the molding solution that is in the range from 1.45 to 1.52.
- the solvent and/or diluent used is preferably an aqueous tertiary amine oxide.
- the invention shall not be restricted thereto. Nor is the invention restricted to pulp, but also comprehends substances such as proteins, polylactides or starch or a mixture thereof.
- molded article is produced is of minor importance with the present method. Preference is given to producing filaments, fibrous nonwoven webs and/or filament yarn. However, it is also possible to produce film, hollow fibers, membranes or the like.
- the molding of the solution into a desired cellulosic molded article may be effected using known spinneret dies for producing fibers, slot dies or hollow-fiber spinneret dies. After molding, i.e., prior to being introduced into the coagulation bath, the molded solution may also be stretched.
- the FIGURE shows a schematic block diagram of a method for producing molded articles from a base substance from renewable raw materials in accordance with the present invention.
- the cellulose needed for this or, to be more precise, the premixed cellulose slurry is fed via supply line 1 to a thin-film evaporator 2 .
- These kinds of vertical cylindrical apparatus are known from U.S. Pat. No. 5,888,288 for example.
- the thin-film evaporator concentrates the suspension. From the thin-film evaporator the concentrated suspension transfers directly into a thick-layer dissolver, preferably a horizontal kneading reactor 4 .
- a horizontal kneading reactor 4 are known from DE 199 40 521 A1 or DE 41 18 884 for example.
- the invention is not restricted to these thin-film evaporators and these kneading reactors.
- the invention encompasses all treating means in which renewable raw materials can be subjected to a treatment for later shaping.
- the renewable raw material is treated by means of a solvent, preferably an aqueous tertiary amine oxide, already mixed previously as a cellulose slurry and accordingly fed in supply line 1 to the thin-film evaporator.
- a solvent preferably an aqueous tertiary amine oxide
- the relatively high-viscosity spinning solution is diluted to form a spinnable solution of pulp. This is accomplished in the discharge means 5 via a supply line 6 or even upstream of the discharge means 5 in the kneading reactor 4 at any point and/or with splitting. Combining the two sites of addition is also conceivable.
- a pump 7 is positioned downstream of the discharge means 5 and upstream of the spinning rig 8 to back up the molding solution after discharge.
- the method of the present invention is carried out as follows:
- Supply line 1 sends the suspension, consisting of the base substance, in particular the renewable raw material, and the solvent, into the thin-film evaporator 2 .
- Heat is added from the outside via a heating jacket to effect intensive evaporation of water from the suspension up to the dissolution window without starting the dissolution of the base substance.
- the concentrated suspension leaves the thin-film evaporator 2 through a direct transition 3 to pass directly into the thick-layer dissolver 4 .
- a kneading reactor intensive commixing takes place, while the heat which is added may be added from the outside by means of a heating jacket, through heated kneading shafts and/or through heated kneading elements (disk elements) 25 .
- heat which is added may be added from the outside by means of a heating jacket, through heated kneading shafts and/or through heated kneading elements (disk elements) 25 .
- the suspension transforms into a molding solution (spinning solution) and becomes further concentrated, such that it comprises approximately a base substance fraction of from 14 to 28% at the downstream end of the kneading reactor 4 just upstream of the discharge means 5 .
- This molding solution is too viscous for later spinning. It is then thinned with a thinner which is supplied via supply line 6 .
- the concentration of the molding solution before and/or after addition of the thinner is policed via the optical index.
- This optical index is also called the refractive index. It characterizes the refraction (change of direction) and the reflection characteristics (partial reflection and total reflection) of electromagnetic waves on encountering a boundary layer between two media.
- an additive may be additionally provided to the mixture/molding solution upstream of the discharge or into the discharge, optionally also via supply line 6 .
- An additive or additive mix may also be provided together with the thinner.
- Vapors produced in the thin-film evaporator 2 and/or the kneading reactor 4 are fed via a gas space connector 9 to a condenser 10 .
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (16)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE201210103296 DE102012103296A1 (en) | 2012-04-17 | 2012-04-17 | Process for the production of moldings |
DE102012103296.3 | 2012-04-17 | ||
DE102012103296 | 2012-04-17 | ||
PCT/EP2013/057931 WO2013156489A1 (en) | 2012-04-17 | 2013-04-16 | Method for producing moulded articles |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20150114256A1 US20150114256A1 (en) | 2015-04-30 |
US10357725B2 true US10357725B2 (en) | 2019-07-23 |
Family
ID=48430667
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/395,334 Active 2034-10-25 US10357725B2 (en) | 2012-04-17 | 2013-04-16 | Method for producing moulded articles |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10357725B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2839060B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6385918B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102062033B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104246029B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102012103296A1 (en) |
IN (1) | IN2014MN02061A (en) |
RU (1) | RU2619968C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013156489A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107485876A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2017-12-19 | 青岛科技大学 | The vertical sleeping built up thin film evaporator of one kind |
FI20195926A1 (en) | 2019-06-12 | 2020-12-13 | Aurotec Gmbh | Thin-film treatment apparatus |
CN110195263A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-09-03 | 王维列 | A kind of preparation method of solvent method production regenerated celulose fibre spinning glue |
DE102019116736B4 (en) | 2019-06-20 | 2022-03-24 | List Technology Ag | Production process and apparatus for producing a dope from recycled fibers using the solvent process |
DE102021100475A1 (en) | 2021-01-13 | 2022-08-04 | List Technology Ag | Thin film evaporator and process for preparing a transfer mixture |
DE102021100484A1 (en) | 2021-01-13 | 2022-07-14 | List Technology Ag | Process for producing a transfer mixture using the direct dissolving process and a thin-film evaporator |
DE102021100480A1 (en) | 2021-01-13 | 2022-07-14 | List Technology Ag | Mixing kneader for processing a transfer mixture into a form solution using the direct dissolving process |
KR20230171007A (en) | 2022-06-12 | 2023-12-19 | 임은서 | LED plaque portrait which controlled by smartphone |
Citations (16)
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DE1713486U (en) | 1955-10-18 | 1955-12-22 | Hans-Georg Kumpies | DOSING DEVICE FOR LIQUIDS. |
US3447939A (en) | 1966-09-02 | 1969-06-03 | Eastman Kodak Co | Compounds dissolved in cyclic amine oxides |
US4142913A (en) | 1977-07-26 | 1979-03-06 | Akzona Incorporated | Process for making a precursor of a solution of cellulose |
EP0111518A1 (en) | 1982-06-08 | 1984-06-27 | Courtaulds Plc | Polymer solutions. |
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DE4118884A1 (en) | 1991-06-07 | 1992-12-10 | List Ag | MIXING kneader |
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SI1957633T1 (en) | 2005-10-13 | 2014-04-30 | Anthrogenesis Corporation | Immunomodulation using placental stem cells |
KR101000591B1 (en) * | 2009-01-13 | 2010-12-10 | 박상구 | Method for Destruction of Volatile Organic Compounds and Device thereof |
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-
2012
- 2012-04-17 DE DE201210103296 patent/DE102012103296A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2013
- 2013-04-16 US US14/395,334 patent/US10357725B2/en active Active
- 2013-04-16 WO PCT/EP2013/057931 patent/WO2013156489A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-04-16 EP EP13722303.8A patent/EP2839060B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2013-04-16 CN CN201380020696.8A patent/CN104246029B/en active Active
- 2013-04-16 IN IN2061MUN2014 patent/IN2014MN02061A/en unknown
- 2013-04-16 JP JP2015506216A patent/JP6385918B2/en active Active
- 2013-04-16 KR KR1020147031883A patent/KR102062033B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2013-04-16 RU RU2014141002A patent/RU2619968C2/en active
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DE1713486U (en) | 1955-10-18 | 1955-12-22 | Hans-Georg Kumpies | DOSING DEVICE FOR LIQUIDS. |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2619968C2 (en) | 2017-05-22 |
US20150114256A1 (en) | 2015-04-30 |
JP2015520804A (en) | 2015-07-23 |
KR20150006850A (en) | 2015-01-19 |
JP6385918B2 (en) | 2018-09-05 |
DE102012103296A1 (en) | 2013-10-17 |
EP2839060B1 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
IN2014MN02061A (en) | 2015-09-04 |
KR102062033B1 (en) | 2020-02-11 |
CN104246029A (en) | 2014-12-24 |
EP2839060A1 (en) | 2015-02-25 |
WO2013156489A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
CN104246029B (en) | 2018-03-27 |
RU2014141002A (en) | 2016-06-10 |
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