US1035116A - Turbine. - Google Patents

Description

V. GBLPKE.

TURBINB.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. Z8, 1911. 1,035, 1 16. Patented Aug. 6, 1912.

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APPLIOATION FILED AUG. ze, 1911.

1 ,035, 1 1 6. Patented Aug. 6, 1912.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

VCTOR GELPKE, OF BRUNSWICK, GERMANY.

TURBINE.

Original application led March 28, 1911, Serial No. 617,397. Divided and this Serial No. 646,387.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 6, 1912.

application filed August To 'all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, VICTOR GELPHE, engineer, a. citizen of Switzerland, residing at -5 Schleinitzstrassc, Brunswick, Empire of' Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in turbines, and more particularly to turbines of that class in which for the purpose of avoiding blows of the water a by-passage is provided through which the water flows when the Water supply to the turbine has been shut off, and. which is automatically and gradually closed.

My invention relates more particularly to the apparatus for'controlling the valve of the saidby-passage, which controlling apparatus as heretofore constructed consists of a controlling member moved by the working cylinder of the speed regulator which causes a pressure fluid to act on a floating piston.

For the purpose of explainingr the invention more in det-ail one example embodying the same has been shown in the accompanying drawings in which the same letters of reference having been used in all the views to indicate corresponding parts.

In said drawings- Figure l is a diagrammatical side view showing the turbine, its admission pipe, regulating device and the valve controlling the by-passage, Fig. '22, is a side view partly in section of the apparatus for controlling the valve ot' the by-passage of the arrangement shown in Fig. 1.

Before describing the part of the machine to which my invention more particularly relates, I shallifdescribe in a general way the turbine and-the parts directly connected therewith, in order that the operation of' the controlling apparatus may more readily be understood.

The turbine w is mounted on a frame fw,

4and the water is supplied thereto through which is provided with a piston adapted to be acted upon by a pressure fluid from one side only. The said pistons are mounted on the same piston rod o1, and the latter is provided with lugs o2 which, upon the axial displacement of the piston rod are adapted to carry along cranks L02 mounted on shafts w3. The latter pass through the casing of .the turbine and into the inner part thereof where they are connected with the gates in such .a way that the latter are closed or opened by the displacement of the piston rod lv1, as is known in the art. The-movement of the motor o, o toward the right or left is effected in the usual way by means of a controlling valve o (see German Patent No. 216,486) which' is connected by pipes o* and lv5 respectively with the cylinders fv, and which is controlled by a speed governor L driven by the turbine shaft lw, which governor causes a pressure liquid within the valve chamber o3 to act either on the right hand cylinder or on the left hand cylinder o. The said pressure fluid is taken from a suitable storing receptacle and is admitted to the valve v3 through an inlet Iuu and escapes therefrom through an outlet '07. The closing direct-ion, or the direction in which the piston rodo1 is moved for stopping tlie turbine, has been indicated by an arrow fvg. lVhen the turbine is thus stopped, the slide valve controlling the by-passage u1 is automatically opened in order to avoid the impact of the water and the gradual closing operations of the slide valve controlling the by-passage is effected by means yof a controlling apparatus which is located within a casing c. As appears from Fig. 1, the said controlling apparatus carries the stem a of the slide valve for controllin the by-passage u1, which stem is connecte( for example, with a piston b sliding wit-hin the casing c.

My invention relates more particularly to the controlling apparatus c for the slide valveof the by-passage u1, and an example embodying the same has been shown in Fig. 2.

I In my U. S. Patent No. 1,002,669 dated September 5, 1911, the valve of the by-passage u1 is operated by the pressure of a liquid, and the controlling apparatus for the said valve is actuated'by the pistons of the cylinders o. In the modification shown in the Vpresent divisional application the Y rectly by the governor c. This construction likewise a acts more rapidly, because the movement of the valve is not dependent upon the movement of the pistons of the cylinders o, but is caused directly by the governor 7c.

In the accompanying drawings an example is shown in which the controlling apparatus e3 for the cylinders o which is controlled in the known way by the governor la' is combined with the controlling apparatus for the valve for the by-passage u1 into a single controlling device. This construction is preferable by reason of its simplicity,

compactness, andthe small number of moving parts. V

The stem a which-is connected with the valve of the by-passage is secured to a piston b. To the latter a pressure fluid, such as oil, is supplied from an inlet tube f, through passages el, e2, the bore s1 `of the controlling rod s, and the chamber c1 at the upper end of the casing c. By the pressure fluid the piston Z) is forced upward or downward according to the position of the rod s.

The controlling rod, s is forced upward by'` meansof a differential piston nl provided thereon and acted upon by a pressure fluid, such as oil, admitted thereto from below through the tube f1, as soon as the chamber e above the piston 'nl which normally is in communication with a pressure conduit f2 is opened to the atmosphere. The piston b has a suitable number of bores c' through which the chambers at ,the upper and lower sides of the piston are in communication. The hollow controlling rod s may be provided near its lower end with annular grooves to provide for exhausting from above and below the pistoni), as shown in my U. S. Patent No. 1,002,669. The apparatus c is connected with an apparatus o3 through a pipe 1.- The apparatus @3 is aregulating valve of a construction shown and described for example in the German Patent No. 216,486, and its obj ect is to transmitl the effect of the governor 7c to the cylinders 'u (Fig. 1) "by admitting the pressure fluid to the said cylinders, as is known in the art and described hereinafter. The rod s0, which is moved by the regulator 7c, is provided with two .pistons in the casing o3, as disclosed by the above-mentioned German Patent No. 216,48and the cylinder a surrounding the rod 8 has within thecasing 'o3 a lower extension which incloses the rod extension, so that there is space for play, but the vtwo pistons are tightly inclosed.

This latter structure or organization cor-l responds to the parts a, s, and Vs and s2 in the aforesaid German patent. The valve cylinder b, inclosing the cylinder a', has lower extension projecting through the entire casing o3 which correvrosalie spends to the cylinder b of the German *patent above not-ed, and is actuated in the same manner as the said cylinder b by the pistons of the motor embodying the cylinder w. If the controlling rod s0 is elevated 'by the governor, the piston@1v is likewise forced upward by the pressure fluid acting thereon, as is known in the art. The piston al is formed near its upper end with an enlarged portion a2 which normally covers ports r1 which are formed within the valve cylinder b1, and which upon lbeing opened connect the tube r with the outlet g for the pressure fluid. The valve vcylinder b1 incloses the piston a1, and it is controlled in a known way from the cylinders fv.

If the governor 7c rises and actuates the pistons of the cylinders o by lifting the controller rod so by means of a pressure fluid supplied to said cylinders through the intermediary of the piston a1 and the ports of the valve cylinder coperating therewith, the ports r1 are simultaneously opened, and the pressure within the chamber e above the differential piston nl is removed, because the inlet tube f2 is provided with a throttling disk f3, so thatpressure can not be set "up within the conduit fr by the liquid from the tube Therefore the pressure liquid which is admitted through-the tube f1 forces the piston nl upward and the latter carries along the rod s, so that pressure fluid can pass through t-he pipe f, the bore 81 of the rod s and the passage a1 and below the piston Z), so as to force the latter-and the stem a upward. lVhen the ports r1 of the apparatus v3 are againJ closed in the known way by the upward movement of the valve cyl-l inder b1 which is controlled in they known way by the cylinders IU,`thc normal pressure is restablished within the tube r, and as the area of the upper surface of the piston n? is-larger than the area of its lower' face, the said piston and the rod s are forced downward into their normal posit-ions. The weight ofthe rod s and the piston nl, and if necessary a weight (g, Fig. 2) provided on the latter assists the said downward movement.

sional application divided out of the application Serial No. 617,397, filed March 28, 1911, as my invention:

1. The combination with a motor, a Huid supply thereto, a by-passage adapted to be thrown into communication with said fluid. supply, means for-normally breaking communication between said fluid supply and by-passage, and means to control the fluid supply to the motor, of a cylinder, a'piston 125 movable therein and operatively connected with said means for breaking communication between said fluid supply and by-passage, a hollow rod adapted to be thrown into communication with the hollow of said cyl- I claim, in this application forming divi- 115 i inder at one side of the piston, means to supply a pressure fluid to the hollow of said rod, means cont-rolled by said controlling means for the fluid supply and operative when the fluid supply is being shut off to establish communication between the hollow of the rod and the hollow of the cylinder on the said side of the piston and to move the piston into position for throwing l0 said fluid supply andl by-passage into-communication with each other, and means to return said piston into normal position.

2. The combination with a motor, a 'fluid y, supply thereto, a by-passage adapted to be thrown into communication with' said fluid supply, means for normally breaking communication between said fluid supply and by-passage, and controlling means dependent upon the speed of the motor and acting on said fluid supply, of a cylinder, a piston movable therein and operatively connected with said means for breaking communication'between said fluid supply and by-passage, a'hollow rod adapted to be thrown into communication with said cylinder on one side of the piston, means to supply a pressure fluid to the hollow of said rod, means controlled by said controlling means for the fluid supply andoperative when the fluid supply is shut off to establish communication between the hollow of said rod and the cylinder on the side of the piston and to move the piston into osition for throwing the fluid supply and y-passag into communication with each other, and means to return said piston into` normal position 3. The combination with a motor, a fluid supply thereto, a by-passage adapted to be thrown into communication with said fluid 40 supply, means for normally breaking communication between said fluid supply and by-passage, and controlling means for said fluid supply, of a cylinder, a piston movable therein and operatively connected with said means for breaking communication betweensaid fluid supply and by-passage, a hollow rod movable within a bore of said piston and4 adapted when shiftedV to come Into communlcation with said cylinder on one side of the piston, means to supply a pressure fluid to the hollow of said rod, a piston secured to said rod, means controlled by said controlling means for the fluid supply and 'operative when the fluid supply is shut off to supply a pressure fluid to said piston secured to the rod in a direction to shift the rod into positionfor communication with the cylinder, and means to return said piston within the cylinder into normal position.

4. The combination with a motor, a fluid supply thereto, a by-passage adapted to be thrown into communicationfwith said fluid supply, means for normally breaking communication between said fluid supply and yby-passage, a subsidiary motor for regulat-` ing the fluid supply, a fluid supply to said subsidiary motor, and regulating means for said fluid supply to the subsidiary motor, of a cylinder, a piston movable within said cylinder, a hollow rod movable within a bore of said piston and adapted when shifted to come linto communication with the cylinder atV one side of the piston, means to supply a pressure medium to said rod, means cont-rolled by said regulating means for the subsidiary motor to shift said rod into position for communication with the cylinder, and means to return said piston into normal position.

5. The combination with a motor, a fluid supply thereto, a by-passage adapted to be thrown into communication with said fluid supply, means for normally breaking communication between said fluid supply and by-passage, a subsidiary motor for regulating the fluid supply, a fluid supply to said subsidiary motor, and regulating means for said fluid supply to the subsidiary motor, said regulating means comprising a governor, ,a stemy connected therewith, and a movable piston surrounding said stem, of a cylinder, a piston movable therein and operatively connected with said means for breaking communication between said fluid supply and by-passage, a hollow rod movable within a bore of said piston and adapted when shifted to ,come into communication with said cylinder on one side of the piston, means to supply a pressure fluid to the hollow of said rod, a piston secured to said rod, a fluid supply thereto adapted to shift the same with the rod in communication with said cylinder and connected with said regulating means, a slide valve inclosing the piston of said re ulating means for the fluid supply to the susidiary motor and operated by said regulating means and adapted in combination with the piston of the regulating means to control-'the fluid 110 supply to the piston secured to said rod, and means to return the piston within said cylinder into normal position.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

VICTOR GELPKE. Witnesses:

WILHELM Lnrmxn, WILLI JAHN.

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