US1034722A

US1034722A - Incandescent lamp.

Info

Publication number: US1034722A
Application number: US30267306A
Authority: US
Inventors: Matthew M Merritt
Original assignee: General Electric Co
Current assignee: General Electric Co
Priority date: 1906-02-24
Filing date: 1906-02-24
Publication date: 1912-08-06
Anticipated expiration: 1929-08-06

Description

M. M. MERRITT. INCANDESOENT LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 24, 1906.

Patented Aug". 6, 1912.

INVENTUH; ham, m-W

aucannnscam ,LAMP.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed February 24, 190

Serial No. 3025731 To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, MA'rrHnw M. MER- me, a citizen of "the UnitedStates, residing county of Essex, and State of at Middleton, Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Incandescent Lamps, of which the following description,

' incandescent lamps, having more in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

My invention relates to improvements in particularly for its object the provision of a lamp so constructed as to prevent, or render com --'mere1ally impracticable, its .other words,

renewal, or,,in the substitution, or attempted substitution, of a-ne w filament for. the old one when the latter is burned out or otherwise rendered useless or ineflicien't. It is a common practice to purchase at a relatively slightcost high grade lamps thus burned cut, open the end or tip of the lamp and replace the old filament with a fresh one. llhe new filament having been attached to the leading-in wires, the lamp is exhausted by the usual process, the bulb sealed up, and

the renewed or convertedlamp in condition 1 tice, preventing frequently conducted by irresponsible again for use. This renewing process is persons lacking the necessary skill and knowledge in the art and employing inferior materials, so that its product, in any event an inferior one, is very often a low grade lamp, though having every appearance of a high grade one. My invention aims to correct this pracpossible injury to the reputation of the maker of the original lamp and deception of t-he public as well. v Y

My invention will best understood by reference to the following description when taken in connection with the accompanying illustration of'one or more specific embodiments thereof, while its scope will be more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Referring to the shows a lamp embodying one form of my invention, and'Figs. 2 and 3 show modifications thereof.

In the described embodiment of my invention I take advantage of the conditions under which certain parts of the renewal process are carried out and provide for the development of certain-manifestations when so construct the lamp,

heat which can be interiorly drawings,Figure 1 This occurs during those conditions are present which preferably result in injury of some kind to the lamp. I

While other means than those described may be employed and other conditions relied upon to cause the desired manifestathe renewal process, in the embodiment of my invention here selected for illustration I withsuch means, that,when subjected to a violent or abnormally high degree of heat,

,the bulb, stein-.01 other essentiahpart of the lamp is in ured. In the case ofthe bulb or the stem the injury may consist of a punc ture,-due to fracture or other collapse, so as to render it-impossible thereafter to maintain a commercial vacuum within the bulb space. This action can readily be effected,

for during the-process: of renewal the lamp 1S repeatedly subjected to violent heating. For example one of the characteristics of an old or burned-out 'lamp, and invariably where it has been used any length of time, is a darkening or clouding of the is caused by a deposit of finely divided matter thrown'ofi' by the filament or joints during incandesccncc. This deposit is a considerable factor alone in reducing, the effective candle power of a'lamp and its removal constitutes one of the usual and first steps in the renewing process after the opening of the bulb tip. This is ordinarily accomplished by subjecting the lamp, while the latter is slowly revolved, to some intense heat, such as the heat of an alcohol or hydrogen vapor torch. The heat which is usually imparted to the lamp and necessary to volatilize and drive ofi the solid deposit is probably not less than-500 or 600 Fah., and, of course, abnormally in excess of any heat to which the lamp bulbis ever subjected duringits customary and intended usev and greatly in excess of the maximum imparted to the bulb by the incandescent filament For example, the heating of the bulb of an ordinary sixteen candle power lamp c'anscarcely exceed 150 Fah. even when the filament is carrying the maximum current of which it is capable. Again, the tip of the lamp is subjected to excessive heat subsequent to the urning. out of the deposit described. the welding on tothe Patented Aug. 6, 1912;

t ions. as well as'other results relied upon to cause in ury to the lamp or obstruction to i or provide the same bulb, which perforated bulb tip of the short glass stem or tubulature through which the subsequent exhaustion of the lamp-is effected. This involves the heating of the bulb tip in a blow pipe flame causing, through conduction and radiation, the heating ofthe other parts of the lamp as well. 1 Referring-to the embodiment of my in vention shown in Fig. 1 there is shown a lamp of ordinary construction but'provided with means responsive to a high degree of heat for causing injury to; the bulb. The

, lamp there shown is provided with the usual glass bulb a, cemented or otherwise secured in the usual fashion to and within the metal socket b and having the usual form of glass stem 0, through which pass the leading-in wires d having the sealed-in platinum ends e, the latter connected to the filament 7. During original manufacture of thelamp .in some suitable part thereof, preferably within.t-he lamp space, as for example upon the tip of the stem there is placed a deposit, represented at g, of. some material or substance which is preferably unafiected by the ordinary temperatures to which the lamp is subjected, but, when subjected to such violent heating as accompanies the burning out of the bulb deposit, is caused to injure I the bulb or other'la'mp parts. For example,

such substance may, consist of a suitable quantity of sulfur nr ingledwith graphite paste or other appropriate binder and applied through the aid thereof to the stem tip. Sulfur, when highlyhe'ated, produces a deposit which will smear the inner walls of the lamp and renderthe saine unsalable.

If removable at. all, such deposit can only be removed by such steps as' will increase 0 the expense of the renewal process to a pro hibitive degree-.-

To protect the chemical deposit against possible attempts to remove the same by ma: nipulation carried on through the opened end of the bulb there may be ;provided means, such for example, as the shield k,

which herein consists of a thin disk of por celain or other suitable material, secured to the anchor wire sup ort i just above the tip of the stem. The s eeve is-slit to embrace the filament joints and perforated to he slipped secured in any suitable way, as by the glass head 1'.

location as well, ma'y be varied as desired, and in-Fig.'2- I have shown a. lamp,

-. where the insertedichemical, whichis represented at g, is spread upon the inner walls to of the bulb, wherethe man joinedtothe' In this position the sulfur base of thestem,

used when heated will or other, sub tance employed are unexample, a waterproof filler for lamp is violently heated? over the anchor W11e tO which it is Not only thenature of the substance,- butafl'ected by the heat tit which the lamp is ordinarily subjected when" in use.

My invention is not limited --to the 11370 duction of any particular injury to the lamp or to the injury to any'particular parts For example, in F ig. 3,1 have shown a sub stance, represented at g, placed interiorly within the hollow part of the stem whep the lamp was' originally constructed. Such substance is preferably of a volatile nature such that when the lamp is violently heated to a degree safely beyond the-maximum heating limit due to ordinary lamp use, an excessive volume of gaswill he suddenly p oduced.-

Such substance, for example, may consist of 89 a number of grains of gun powder, which, when subjected to the heatof the. burning out process,, will explode, producing sulficient pressure within the stem to rupture or puncture. the walls thereof and render the '3 lamp useless Without replacing some of its essential parts, which result is a prevention j of its commercial renewal.

'Where the explosive or volatile substance is placedin the-Shem; its effect may be made disastrous to the lamp without danger to the operator, for thexamount' of chemical may be so proportioned asto fracture the walls of the stem without injuring the outer walls of the bulb. The chemical or other substance inserted in the stem may be protected against exterior tamperingsave by removal of the socket itself through theapplicationof suitable guarding-means, as for h 09 end of the stem." w j The insertion of the chemical or other-. substance within the stem permits its application to the lamp after the process of lamp v construction has been substantially completed. This may be done, afterthe process of exhaustion and after the lamp has been attached to its socket and just before the small perforation in the bottom of the socket v, has been'closed'. ,4

, Claim- J ,c I g a 1. A non-renewable incandescent lamp having aj-filament, abulhand means for'defacing the walls of thelamp space when the '2. A" none-renewable incandescent vlamp having a filament, a bulb and means for defacing the walls of the bulb on attempted renewal of the lamp.

3. A non-renewable incandescent lamp having a fil'amenha bulb andmeansfor de- Y facing the .inclosing walls of the lamp space on attempted'renewal of the lamp.

4. An incandescent 'lampoha'vmg a fila;

me nt', a bulb and means within the vacuum space of the lamp for injuring the inclosing wallsof the lamp space when'the lamp is violently heated.

5. A non-renewable lamphaving a filament, a bulb and a substance placed within 1 circuit of the lamp,

the vacuum space of the lampat the time of its original construction and independent of the electric circ i't thereof and adapted thereto.

6. A non-renewable incandescent lamp having a filament, a bulb'and means within the vacuum spaceof the lamp for injuring the lamp on attempted renewal thereof.

7. non-renewable incandescent lamp having a filament, a bulb and fracturing means within the vacuum space of the lamp for injuring the lamp on attempted renewal thereof.

8. An incandescent lamp having a filament, a bulb and a substance placed within the lamp atthe time of its original constructionand independent of the electric circuit 20 thereof and adapted to work injury to the lamp on the attempted renewal thereof.

9. A non-renewable incandescent lamp having a deposit in a suitable recess thereof of a substance independent of the electric adapted to injure the lamp on the application of a high degree of heat, and means for preventing access to said substance.

10. A non-renewable incandescent lamp having means for injuring the walls of the filament space on the attempted renewal of the lamp, said means comprising an expansion member having a different coefiicient of expansion from that of glass, said member being located to contact with the glass walls of the filament space, and adapted thereby to fracture the same on abnormal heating of the lamp.

11. A having thereof, said means comprising an expannon-renewable incandescent lamp means forpreventing the renewal sion member for causing injury to the lamp on violent heating thereof through the expanion of said member.

12. A non-renewable incandescent lamp having a filament, a bulb, and means within the lamp for fracturing the inclosing walls thereof on attempted renewal of the lamp.

13. A non-renewable incandescent lamp having interior-stem-fracturing means for preventing the renewal of the lamp.

14. A non-renewable incandescent lamp having means for injuring the stem thereof on the attempted renewal of the lamp.

15. An incandescent lamp having a filament, a bulb, and means, within the lamp to rupture the walls thereof on the attempted renewal of the lamp.

16. A non-renewable incandescent lamp having a filament, abulb, and means within the stem to rupture the walls thereof on the application of an abnormally high degree of heat.

17. An incandescent lamp having a filament, a bulb, and means within the lamp for injuring the inclosing walls of the filament space when the lamp is violently heated.

'18. A non-renewable incandescent lamp having means to fracture the stem on the attempted renewal of the lamp. I

19. A non-renewable incandescent lamp having a filament, a bulb, and expanding means to fracture the lamp walls inwardly on attempted renewal of the lamp.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

MATTHEW M. MERRITT.

Witnesses NINA'B. SHIRLEY, THOMAS B. Boom.

- Copies of this patent may be obtained for live cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner of Patents, l v Washington, D. G.