US1034719A

US1034719A - Electric-elevator-controlling apparatus.

Info

Publication number: US1034719A
Application number: US29482106A
Authority: US
Inventors: William D Lutz
Original assignee: Otis Elevator Co
Current assignee: Otis Elevator Co
Priority date: 1906-01-06
Filing date: 1906-01-06
Publication date: 1912-08-06
Anticipated expiration: 1929-08-06

Description

W. D. LUTZ.

ELECTRIC ELEVATOR GONTROLLING APPARATUS. APPLIGATION rILED JAN. 6, 1906.

1,034;,71`9. Patented Aug. 6, 1912.

A Clt-rozmV i ever, ee

. L, wires Li end I Appziretii wich th a specific;ttioit` Y mifeiitit Peistes to electric ision of means tor inserting resistance otting out the same from the Circuit o?? iii 1 A eoti'omegnet, to verylthe action of the r in controlling other devices.

:turtoer object o y ii'wention is the pijovisioii eiectroiiiagnetic m'otor-Centro-.l` means emi meens opereted by oiiev ei' moije limit switches for Vsi'ying the ziction thereof.,

ther objects o: Apresent iiivention wi'il appear hereineter,` the novel combinations of elements being pointecl out in the ceims.

the eccoii'menying clrawing, C tlesi,

` etes e car which may be connected in ,zimy well-known mi?? eijostor instead of by the oai".

Let it he essuinefl that the oai' switch S is operetefi by moving its iever 1 to the' ijfight,l in oi'tler that its segment 2 Wiii eng'age the fixedeoiitact 3'. A

throiigh one of the main line switch i 5, soienoid 6', Wite 7;, lowerr est limit switch 8, Wire 9/, contact 3/, seg- Inent emi wires 10 end ;11', through the mein line switch L, to r'the negetive mein. The down :feversine' switch soienoi 6' wiii thereupoii he eficited With current mi 6, ,J

eppai?titus.t` end one of its objects is the pz'ospparatus., or by the opi Circuit will' .then he ciose from the positive mein IThe reversiiig switch appar staiice being ile?? to that discloseti in the peteiit i .j detecl July 8,1902 ew Will engege the 'tacts W' respect-iifely. Oliviw 113i, E29' are litted,

tzicts 23a l1G which are rigthe sten'i 57', ere sepziratecl o ztioii of the down revrsing switch Circuit is immeclizitely closed from the positive main through Wire contocts 12'7 12V z? 3G, soienoicl '325 end Wire to the main. The brake magiiet Vwiil therefore he .oper'eted and the iii-she {ipfiretiis ieleeeecl, so that the motor may start when current is applied thereto. f the switch S heolbeen operzitecl iii the vopposite diretztion so asto eiigage with the contact 39 e Circuit would be closed through the up solenoiol 6 and. 'the upperinost liinit switch 8. iii this case, the

fixed contacts

12, 30 would be engsgecl by the contacts 13,- 29, respectiveiy, end the

oontacts

23, 16 i'emain in eng'egeii'ient With the

contacts

22, 17, re'- Vspeetitely. 'The motoi` oircuit would then he closed from the positive main through 4:, Coiitzicts 12, 13, wires let, 15, conl'/, Wire 18., armature brush 19, ei'i'netuffe hrush 20, Wire 21, 2:1 23K, 'iie 217 starting resistance Ta i'ielci 28, 11, to the negat-iie nie rthe she-nt ielfi H has its Circuit closeoi Q "wites' end 85 directly e Mienie, upon the operation ot either switch. A Circuit is also olosecl 'point 136, through the .load

.resistance Wire 37 switch 38, Wire 39,

:nici the e o ieict Wming X., end thence roiigh thesount :eiaiwincling H and Wire ito the zieggitive mein. -But as soon as thei'notor reeeives curent to start the same or hold itfigainst its ozil. and the car switch is' opereted to its iimit-ing position so that the s'egiiieiit7 2 engages the contact 4,1,

Circuit iscloseo thi'otlglrwire 31,`Wire 452,

solenoid i? wires 424ianti gsii/itoh 46, Wire 47, contact ei, segment 2, emi wires 10, 11 to the neget-ive mam. The slow-speed zmagnet F Will thereuion be operated to open the switch 38 and ciose the switch 48. That 105 is? the insuieteci co: ots end 71 crried To th' ;F Wiii he movel eozitects 52 cts 22 :md 17, i'espectitely.

4with thev motor-armature to de'crease its' vloe short-circuited and this will allow more current to pass through the motor to .increase its speed. As the mo-tor now increases in speed, the accelerating magnet A, by reason of the v'increasing'counter-electromotive force of the motor armature, will succe'ssively short-'Circuit the

resistances

26 and 27 and the Sections of the series field E. f the car is traveling upwardly, some part connected thereto, as for example a cam 73, will engage the lever arm to open the switch 46. This will effectI the deenergization of the magnct F and the consequent closure of the extra field circuit including the load resistance D. The resistanhe 25, the resistance T and the series field winding E will also be inserted in'circuit speed. irn a well-known manner, the addit-ion of the extra field will eflect an automatic slowing down of the motor, bu't it is desired that the motor and consequent-ly the car be slowed down in proportion to the load so that the car will stop substantially at the level of the uppermost floor. ln

. order to accomplish this, the load magnet O is connected to the motor in such a way that its pulling strength .is Controlled vby the speed of the motor. That is, the greater the speed of the motor, the more Sections of the load resistance D will be short-circuited to increase the electro-dynamic 'brake action and also to increase the strength of the extra field and the -consequent retarding effect thereof on the motor. As the lcar continues in its upward travel after having' opened the switch 46,' the cam 73 next engages the lever arm 61'to close the switch 59. A circuit will then be closed from the .wire 18, through wire 67, through resistance 62, switch 59, wires 68 and 65, solenoid 64 of the load magnet O, wire 63, and Wire 24, to wire 21. lt will thus be lseen that the load magnet O is connected directly across the motor-armature between the brushes V19 and 20, but the resistance 62 is in series with the solenoid 64. Although I have shown in this instance only one resistance and one switch, 59, to insert the same in circuit with said solenoid 64, l desire it to ,be understood that I do not wish myself to be restricted to such an arrangement, as aplurality of resistances similar to that designated 62 could be used, and these could be cut out one after another to gradually decrease the resistance in circuit with the load magnet U and coluitcract the falling potential across the armature, t'herebv maintaining the strength of the load magne't substantially Constant.

lf course the ohmic value of the resistance placed in 'circuit with the load. magnet O may be made either ,greater or less than that needed to keep the strength of the load magthe resistance 62 when the latter is in the cir'- cuit, sc that-the motor-armature must have a greater speed than when the resistance is cut out before the magnet O can' operateto short-Circuit any of the Sections of theload resistance D; If the car speed \is high at i this time, one or a few Sections of the resistanceD may be short-circuited, but as the car continues in its travel, the resistancev 62 will be sho-rt-circu'ited so as to place the coil '64 directly across the motor-armatura This is accomplished in this instance by the cam 73 striking against the arm 63 and closing the switch 58l which short-circuits the rew sistance 62. This has the effect of increasing the strength of' the inagnet O which has decreased with the slowing down of the motor. The strength of this magnet .O

may, by properly proportioning the re-- sistance 62, be increased by the operation of the switch 58 in the hatchway even' 'though the counter-electro-motive force of the motor has decreas'ed during the time that has elapsed since the closing of the switch 59. VVhen the switch 58 is closed, the car will be slowed -down to very slow speedv by reason of the automatic slow-down app'aratus, and when the cam 73 Strikes the lever a'rm 64', switch 8 is opened, which effects the denergization of the up reversing switch magnet comprising the solenoid 6. The current will therefore be cut off from the motor and also from the'hrake' magnet B, and therefore the brake will be applied and the motor be stopped. If the car had movcd in a downward directio'n by the operation of the switch lever 1 to the right, the cam 73 would first open the vswitch 46' to effect a denergization of the slow-speed magnet F. Then the resistance 62' with the solenoid 64 will be connected across the motor armature, and more or less of the load resistance D cut out, depending upon the speed of the car. ln its further downward .ravel, the car would operate the switch 58' to close the same and thus shortcircuit the resistance 62' and again increase the strengrth of the electromag-net O which has by this time decreased ov'vimgr to the decrcaseiin speed of the motor. VFinally, the switch 8, would be opened, and the down reversing switch magnet including the soiencid 6' wouici he energized to open the motor circuit and hreke meguet Circuit emi c t? phcetion of'the brake to stop such es designeted by the reference herecter 62 may be coritroiied by t operator Who can t'husbring hiscsr to a slow s* ceni before Stepping at e -iaudirig or cischerce pessengers. En such e resistance for controiiing the the load magnet may he iocete' ient point and any suitable 'epicyeii for controlling the same. tus may he operated by the opczar3 hy the car itseil es shown, t:ng machine cr counterweight. e iicte that have described i essuming that the cer switch] 's tera m its iet't-han position and 'he' siowed down and stopped near its ucper iimit ot' trayei. In such event the e Eine is cut ci? When the motor becohies en eiectro-(i 'iemic hrahe Operating to assist "hrake to stop the motor. e i ch'et is opeiied and magnet 43 -zeci to effect the ciosure of the emi the opening of the switch 48, 3.9. '1' resistance and series field winde `iserte and a by-pass is comeci sroun the srmature inciuoiig the reeii. the extraJ field windirig X. :r ore, the current through the armature '"53 reuuceci both by the reinsertion of the stertine' resistance end series field wincirlgy e of the lay-pass Circuit; and motor is strengthened by the he series and extra ficids. If s moving at considerahle spee` i -eiectro-motive force Will be high w (met O Will be strongly magnetcircuittis closed by the switch rrent in this mag/net is limited istziiice Evieient'iy the greater -e`"ectro-motive orce the more shuuted through the magnet re ore the greater the number of ce resistance D to bevshort-cirthe more of such Sections cut out, Less resistance in the by-pass Circuit, i more currentv wiii be shunted away from the ermziture. lis the motor slows downa ho's'ever, its counter-electro-motive force decreeses, therefore less current is taken by" the mag'uet O and the tendency is for the Sections o' the resistance D to be again inserted, eithough the switches controlling the resistance D may be heid closed With iess power than it 'takes to close them. Itis therefore important that the magnct O continue toflroeeivt sufiicient current to hold cioseri the switciifes *'.vhich it has cperetefh or cios otoz? receives current from the line end co' lece-. eiec With the itheu.

- mature v rc-ted principie `ctioc h cieoe understood thefiis, :o .ieeiiy coneieotromugiiet to y insertirig orie or Yator sys that its ,sp whereyer i; is troi the str Very its more resistences iii K4 terward 'out resistzinces. Furthermore, oi 'ist those' shiile m the art coulci s iiiodiricetions in the 'ietsiis out departrr, my invention, end be limited to the oreoise shown W'hat- I cieim id (iesire to have protected by Letters Pete; a of the VUniteci States is: 1. In 2111 eieve-t-or, the combination with an electromcg'iiet of oppositiori connected together with eiectromeguet across a variehle potential source7 rzuci automatic means operetec by some ii'ioriug part of the eievetor for cutt-irig' cut or iusertiiig sei opposition means very the power' hi; said eiectromagnet-- 2. n an eievetor, the combination Withan eiectro-megnet, of resists'i'ce in a Circuit across 'veriahie pete al 'ciircct current mains, :moi automatic .means for cutting out or insertinc resistance to very the magnetic pull or said eiectro-megnet.

3. iii en eievetor, the cornhii tion With an eiectro-mzigucta of 'steiiee 'i '1 circuit across vari'ahie potem mrect current meins, swi'tci irc n the soirit cud scop'e of ee associated With said rcslstance, and automatic means 'for consecutively operuting said switches to rsry the puli of said magiiet.

filmem eievetor the combination With a motor, vof means for vzirying the speed of the motor, en ciectroiiiaguet, circuit for the eiectromegnet connected to receive cie'ctro-motive force reryiiig with the speed of the motor, means for 'cutting cut' said resistance to maitein the puli of the magnet substantieiiy coustent as the eiectro-motiVe-force of the motor armature (iecreeses.

5. iii en eiemto th e motor.,l of u Jresistance lu said Circuit9 andc combination withv (iesire, therei'ore, not to r electro-magnet, and switches adapted to -be o part of the'el'evator moving therewith ,to--

' speed of the motor.

fso

operat-ed by the hoisting apparatus' or some` Vary the magnetic pull of said magnet.

6. In anwelevator, the combination with an elevator car, of a motor, electricoperating means therefor comprising'an electrol-l magnet, resistance connected together with said'electro-magnet lacross! a varlable potential source, and means operated upon the car approaching a predetermined point. for causing an absolute Variation in the magnetic pull of said magnet proportional to the' i 7. In an elevator, the 'combination with an electric motor, of means 'for decreasing the speed of the motor, an electromagnet connected to said motor, and means for maintaining the strength of said electromagnet substantially Constant as the motor speed decreases. 8. The combination with an electric motor, of means for decreasing the speed of the `motor, an electromagnet dependent on said motor, and means for preventing a decrease in the power of said' electromagnet while the motor speed decreases;

9. The combination with an electric motor, of means for -decreasing the speed of'the motor, an electromagnet connected acrom the vmotor armature, resistance in Circuit with said electromagnet, and means for cutting` out said resistance from in Circuit with the electromagnet as the Counter-electromotive-force of the'motor decreasesv therebyA counteracting the decreasev in strength 'of the electromagnet due to the said decrease in the counter-electro-motive-force of the 'motor 10. The combination with an electric motor, of means for slowing down the motor, an electromagnet, a resistance, a Circuit across the motor includingsaid electromag'- net a'nd said resistance, means for controlling said circuit, and means for Varying the amount of said resistance in said Circuit to effect a substantially Constant pull of'said electromagnet while the motor is slowing down. v

11. The combination with an electric motor, of controlling' apparatus therefor, slow-l in'g down means including a load magnet, a resistance, a circuit including said load magnetand resistance, means for controlling said Circuit, andl means for varying the resistance of the magnetcircuit to inaintain the strength of the ma gnet while the motor is slowing down and its Counterelectromotive force is decreasing.

12. In an elevator, the c 'inbination with' an electric motor. of means for varying' thed speed of the motor an electro-magnct dependent for its enei'gization upon said-motor` and means for maintainina' the strength of Said magnet' when the motor speed varies.

13. In an elevator, the combination with an electric-motor, of motor controlling -means, an elevato'r car, a slowing down means for said motor including a load-magnet, means for Operating said slowing down apparatus upon the car qoproaching,` a predetermined point in its travel, and means for automatically mainta-ining the strength of said load-magiftfiiihile the motor is being slowed down.

14;. In an elenator, the combination with an elevator car, of an electro-magnet, re-

sistance, and 'switches in the elevator well arranged to be operated upon the. car approaching a predetermined point in its travel to insert or Cut out said resistance from in Circuit with said-electro-magnet to vary the power of the latter.

15. In an elevator, the combination with.

a car, of electric-Operating means therefor, electric slowA down apparatus, resistance, and means for connecting 'or disconnecting said resistance with said slow down apparatus to effect the desired operation of the latter.

16. 'In an elevator, the combination with a .ca-r, of electric-Operating means therefor, means for slowing down the car in proporftion to theload prior to stopping the same at a predetermined point in its travel, re

sistan'ce, and means operated by some movlng'part of the elevator for connectmg or disconnecting' said resistance to the slowing means to effect the desired operation of the latte'n' ,17. In an elevator, the combination with a car, of'a motor, motor-controlling means, apparatus for slowing down the car in proportion to the load, resistances, switches associated with said resistances and mounted in the elevator .well or hatchway to be operated by the car at predetermined points in its travel.

18; In an elevator, the combination with a car, 'of a motor, motor-controlling means, slow down apparatus comprising an electromagnet, resistance, and a switch operated by some moving` part of the elevator for inserting` said resistance in circuit with said electro-magnet to vary the power thereof.

19. In an elevator, the combination with -a car, of a motor, motor-controlling means,

slow-down apparatus comprising an electromagnet, resistance, a switching device for in- Serting said resistance in Circuit with said magnet to decrease the power thereof. and an additional switch for cutting out said resistance to increase the power of said magnet.

20. In an elevator, the combination with a car, of a motor, motor-control]inp` means, slow-down apparatus comprising' an eh omagnet and sectional resistance rootmllefl thereby, additional resistances, s'wi'tcliinn' dcvices mounted in the hatchway for f: t' ling said additional resistanoes to var",

llO

power of said eiectro-magnet, and limit switches to stop the car at the limits of its travei.

21. In an elevator, the combination With a car, of a motor, motor-controlling means, electric slow-down apparatus comprising an eiectro-magnet, resistances, electric switches tor controlling said resistances for inserting the same in Circuit With the slow down magnet at' predetermined points in the cafis travel, additional switches 'for short circuiting said resistances to increase thei strength of said magnet, and limit switches to effect a stopping of the motor and car, said switches beng arra'nged to be operated consecutively by some moving part of the leievator apparatus.

In testimony Whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

VVILLIAM D. LUTZ.

vi'tnesses I i CHARLES M. NISSEN, VALTER O. STRANG.

Copies of this patent may be obtane for flvc cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0.