US1033625A - Automatic gun. - Google Patents

Description

F. SCHMIDT.

AUTOMATIC GUN.

APPLICATION rum 00120; 1911.

Patented July 2:5, 1912.

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AUTOMATIC GUN.

APPLICATION FILED 001". 20, 1911.

Patented July 23, 1912.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

T E W N Z; I MW- F. SCHMIDT.

AUTOMATIC GUN.

APPLICATION FILED 001.20.1911.

Patentd July 23,1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

MTNJESSES UNITEDISTATES PATENT OFFICE..-

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- CORPORATION OF GERMANY.

Specification aims mm p t nt gg, 191

Application-filed October 20,19 8? Serial No. 655,709.

.To all whom it rriay concern Be it known that I, Fnaxz fic-nltnrr, a

subject of the German Emperor, residing at 3 Ziilicherstrasse, Dus eldorf, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Guns; and I do hereby declare the. following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. a 'This invention relates to a .device for mi: tomatically opening and closing the-breech of a gun having a recoiling barrel with aid of a spring compressed during therecoil.

According to the invention there is ariiinged in a sleeve a rod which recoils together with the barrel and compresses the spring: when the barrel runs forward again the rod comes against a fixed stop whereby the breech is opened, and as the forward movement continues a second spring is compressed, whereupon the springs after a catch. which engages theibreech in the open position, has been released, close the breech and return the rod into its normal position.

In the accompanying drawing one form of construction according to the invention is shown in Figure 1 n side elevation. Fig.

which engage in corresponding notches of 8- :2 is a plan partly in section and shows in full lines the position of the parts at the beginning of therecoil and iii dotted lines their position when the breech is opened."- Fig. 3 is a plan partly in section showing Fig. 3: at this moment the pins d of ,the

tlie'parts in the position they have at the but before the breech is'closed.

The crank a of the breech block, which in this example is of the wedge type, is com I nected by a removable bolt 6 with the device for automatically opening and closing the breech. Then the bolt 6 is removed the breech can be opened and closed in the usual manner by hand.

The device which is connected with the crank 11 by the bolt consists of a body which turns on a vertical pin 2 carried at one side of the cradle: the body comprises a sleeve or tube r, a draw bar 8 contained therein and connected to the bolt b. and a rod p guided in the sleeve b v a sliding head 1. Between the head g and the end of the sleeve r is a closing spring f and between the rod 7 and a shoulder in the draw bar 3 is a spring f. 'hen the barrel recoils. the draw bar a being connected with the crank a ward the breech is opened and at this mothe breech block. p p 4 During the continued forward movement;

-carries-with it the rod p andthe sliding head g to which the lattenisscrewedpthe closing spring 7" is thus compressed.

On the cradle are two laterally projectingguide plates e which, as shown in Fig. '1, converge toward each other in the rearward direction; the sliding head g is able to pass between these plates as it moves rearwardly because its upwardly and downwardly projecting spring pins 11 are pressed inwardly 5 bv the guides. During the recoil therefore i nothing further happens than thecoinpression of the closing spring f by the rearward movement of the-sliding head'g in the sleeve r. In the return -movement the pins. d strike against the rear edges of the 'guidese, whereby the sliding head g and the draw bar-s'-.are arrested and the strength of the spring f is such that the pin'b is swung outward instead of the draw bar-straveling farther-and conipreing the spring f. The

parts now. have the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. '2. As the crank a swingsout-- merit ,a cartridge casing is automatically ejected in the known manners; In the open I position the breech block is held by .one;or more projections h of the ejector k (Fig;"3).

of the barrel the spring j is comp so that the parts assume the position shownin' sliding head 9 are at the end of the suitably curved forward edge of the guides e and are able to pass in front of the guides. The presure of spring 1' drivesthe sliding head 9 with the attached rod forward until the stop on the rear end of the rod 1); abuts against shoulders in the draw bars; The closing spring f is still compressed and the sliding head 9 cannot return to its normal p sition insleeve r becausethe breech is Still opened. The introduction o f a new 9 cartridge disengages the projections k of the ejector from the breech block in the known manner and the closing spring, I closes the breech. all the. parts returning again into the position shown iii full lines The hand cahnot be damaged while inserting the cartridge because the inner edge of the cartridge borein the breech block isinclined and the hand is guided tiutwa rd lateraily by thispart. In-

gaccuracies in recoil and return are without effect on the action of this arrangement because the stop pins (1 have already passed,

during the return" through a certain distance does not affect the automatic closure of the 'justed that even in the breech is 0 spring automatically closing 7 the breech-' 'breech. Furthermore the spring f has the considerable. advantage that when the sleeve sticks orth'e breech mechanism corrodes and becomes very'difiicult to open or cannot be opened, the concussion of the forward movementis not exerted on the'parts of the opener, but compresses the spring. The length of the spring or its tension is so adthe most unfavorable case, that is to'say when the breech during the forward movement of the barrel does not open for the above reasons, the spring allows of the compression which is equal to the path through which the stop pins have moved during therecoil before passing between the guides.

I claim as my invention 1'- 1. In a gun, inico'mbination with a recoiling barrel and a breech-block therefor, a device for automatically opening and clos- "ing the breech, comprlslng' a casing secured to a relatively fixed part, a rod movable in said casing and connected to said breechblock, a spring designed to be placed under I tension when therod recoils with the 'bar rel and breech-block, amember carried by said rod, a fixed stop which is designed to arrest said rod and member during the return movement of the barrel, such .arrest initiating the opening of the breech which is completed at the termination of the return movement of the barrel, said member, as the breech is opened, being disengaged from said stop, and a second spring for moving said member beyond said stop when ened, the first mentioned block and returning the rod and said member to their normal'positions when the gun is reloaded.

2. In a gun, in combination with a recoiling 'barrel'and a breech block therefor, a device for automatically opening and closing the breech, comprising a casing secured to a'relatively fixed part, a rod movable in said casing-and connected to said breech block, a spring designed to be placed under tension when the rod rccoils with the barrel and breech block, a member carried by fixedfstop which is designed to arrest sald rod and member during the return movement of the barrel, such arrest initiating the opening of the breech which is completed at the termination of the return movement of the barrel, said member, as the breech is opened, being disengaged from said stop, a second spring for moving block,

said inmb ei' beyond said step when the breech is opened, and -means for holding said breech block in its opened position, the first mentioned spring automatically closing thebreech block andireturningthe rod and said member to their normal positions when the breech block is freed of said holding means. I

3. ,In a gun, the combination witha re coiling barrel, and a breech block therefor, of a casing pivoted ,at its forward end to a relatively fixed portion of the gun, a rod movable longitudinally in said casing and connected at its rear end to the breech block, a head slidably connected to said rod. and having a projection extending outside the casing, a spring within said casing designed to be placed under tension by said head when the rod is-moved by the recoil of thebarrel, a stop mounted on a relatively fixed portion of the gun and designed to arrest said-ihead when moved barrel, said rod thereby opening the breech and a second spring interposed between the head and'said'rod for moving the former past said step when the casing is swung on its pivot by the opening movement of tioned spring closing the breech block and returning the rod and head to their normal positions. A

4. In a gun, thecombination with a recoiling barrel, and a breech block therefor, of a casing pivoted at its forward end to a relatively fixed portion of the gun, a-rod movable longitudinally in said casing and connected at its rear end to the breech block, a head slidably connected to said rod and having a projection extending outside the casing, a spring within said casing designed to be placedunder tension by said head when the rodis-movedby the recoil of the barrel, astop mounted on a relatively fixed portion of the gun and designed to arrest said head when moved forwardly by the return of the barrel, said rod thereby open-' ing the breech block, means for holding said breech block in its opened position, and a second spring interposed between the head and said rod for moving the former past said step when the casing is swung on its pivot by the opening movement of the breech block, the first mentioned spring closing the breech block and returning the rod and head to their normal positions when movable longitudinally in said casing and connected at its rear end to the breech block, a spring designed to be placed under tension when the rod rccoils with the barrel and forwardly by the return of the 123 the breech block is freed'of said holding stop with which said lug engages in the return movement of the barrel, and a second sprin interposed between said rods, said secon spring being placed under tension when said stop arrests said lug, said second spring moving said lug beyond said stop when the casing is swung outwardly by the openin of the breech when the lug is arrested y said stop.

6. In a gun, the combination with a recoiling barrel, and a breech block therefor, of a casing pivoted at its forward end to a relatively fixed portion of the gun, said casing-having slots'fherein, a hollow rod within said casing connected at its rear end to the breech block, a second rod located within and movable with and relatively to the hollow rod, said second rod having a shoulder and said hollow rod a stop which engages said shoulder, a head carried by said second rod, spring-impelled lugs carried by said head and projecting through said slots, a stop in the form of two convergingly-arranged plates mounted on a relatively fixed portion of the gun and between which said lugs are designed to pass during the recoil of the barrel, a spring acting on said hollow rod and placed under tension during the recoil, a second spring interposed between said rods and designed to be placed under tension when said second rod is arrested by said stop on the return of the barrel, thereby opening the breech block and causing said casing to swing outwardly TO permit said lugs to clear said stop. said second spring serving to position said lugs beyond said stop, and means for holding the breech block in its opened position, the first mentioned spring serving to return the parts to their normal positions and close said breech block when the latter is free of said holding means.

In testimony whereof, I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANZ SCHMIDT. [L. 5.] Witnesses:

ALBERT NUFER, L. NUFER.

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