US1030518A - Aeroplane. - Google Patents

Description

J. R. MAOHADO.

AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED IEB.1. 1912.

1,030,518. Patented June 25,1912,

3 SHEETSSHBET l.

awue/wtoz JasrPH Emu/A00 J. R. MAOHADO.

AEROPLANE.

' APPLICATION FILED FEB.1,1912. v 1,030,510 Patented June 25, 1912.

3 SHEETSSHEET Z.

6 6 awuwwboz -J06EPHR .MdHAD/ 0m 3% WM 5 'Q J. R. MAGHADO.

AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED IEB.1,1912'.

1,030,518, Patented June 25,1912.

QSHEETS-SHEET 3.

avwwto'a J0sEPHR. .M/icmwo .MJ AA w w 61 Noun JOSEPH B. MACHAIDO F VALLEJO, CALIFORNIA.

AEEOPLANE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 25, 1912.

Application filed February 1, 1912. Serial No. 674,656.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOSEPH R. MAoirAno, a citizen of the United States, residing at Vallejo, in the county of Solano and State of California, have invented certain new' and useful Improvements in Aeroplanes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to flying machines of the heavier-than-air type, and has special reference to an improved form of combined aeroplane and helicopter,

The principal object of the invention is to improve the general construction of devices of this character.

A second object of this invention is to provide an improved frame construction for devices of this character.

A third object of the invention is to provide an improved arrangement toelevate the planes.

With the above and other objects in view the invention consists in general of certain novel constructions, arrangements and combinations of parts as will be hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and specifically claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, like characters of reference indicate like parts in the several views, and: Figure l is a topplan View of a flying machine constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on the line 33, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the flying machine. Fig. 5 is a section on the llne 5-5, Fig. 3. Fig. dis a partial sectional view on the line 66, Fig. 3, looking at the rearof the main frame. 1

The framework of the invention comprises an upper rectangular frame having longitudinal bars 10 and cross bars 11 all made of lighttubing such as aluminum or the like metal. It is to be noted that the balance of the framework of the machine is' also made, with the exception of the brace wires, out of the same kind of tubin EX- tending between the'transverse mem ers 11 of the main frame adjacent the center thereof is a pair of tubes 12 and also between said members 11 are brace rods 13, certain of 'said rods being-provided with journals 14 for the vertical propeller shafts. Beneath this upper frame is a lower frame consisting of longitudinal members 15 and transverse members 16, the lower frame being of somewhat less width than the upper frame as can be seen by reference to Figs. 4 and 5. The

transverse memberslfi are connected adjacent each member 15 longitudinal braces 17. The upper and lower main frames are connected at their corners by diagonal struts 18 and intermediate their ends by vertical struts 19. Extending rearwardly from the upper frame is a pair of tubes 20 which are in alinement with the braces 12 of the upper frame and these tubes have their rear ends connected to an upper balancing frame comprising transverse members 21 and longitudinal members 22, the latter being connected together by brace bars 23, certain of which may be provided with journals as indicated at 24. Extending rearwardly from the center of the rear lower member 16 is a single tube 25 which has its rear end connected to two diverging tubes 26, these having their rear ends in turn connected to a lower tail frame comprising the longitudinal members 27and transverse members 28 connected by the usual brace bars 29.

Extending upwardly from the lower main frame is a pair of standards 30 whereon is pivotally mounted a rectangular pipe frame consisting of the longitudinal members 31 and the transverse members 32, the latter being connected by suitable braces 33. Se cured to the lower main frame and extending downward therefrom are struts 3i whereto are journaled wheels 35, the braces 36 bein employed between the struts in .or-

der to eep the wheels in proper position. Secured beneath the plane of the lower main frame just forward thereof is a platform 37 whereon is journaled a rock shaft 38 carried in suitable bearings. On this rock'shaft is fixed a pair of rock arms 39 which are connected by links 40 with the forward member 32. On the rock shaft 38 there is also provided an operating lever 41 which is positioned convenient to the operators seat 42, the latter being secured to the lower main frame in any suitable manner. By means of this arrangement the frame connected to the uprights 30 may be tilted at will. Covering the upper main frame, the tilting frame above the main frame, and the tail frames, is a suitable fabric or the like, and the upper mainframe with its fabric will be hereinafter referred to as the supporting frame while the tilting frame and fabric will be planes. It should be noted that the upper tical struts 43, the fabric in each instance being indicated at 44.

For the purpose of righting the planeswhen the same tilt there is employed beneath the outer ends of the main elevating plane a pair of ailerons 45, each of which has its forward edge carried on a rod 46 extending between the upper struts 19 and the diagonal struts 18 which connect the forward members 16 and 11. Connected to the rear edge of each of the ailerons 45 is a cord or wire 47 which is trained over suitable pulleys 48 and is connected to a lever 49 which extends adjacent the drivers seat so that by raising or lowering the handle end of this lever the angles of the ailerons 45 with the supporting plane may be varied at will, it being observed that when the rear edge of one of the ailerons is pulled downwardly the rear edge of the other will be lifted upwardly. Extending between the members 28 and the members 21 are bars'50 whereto is pivoted a rod 51 carrying a rudder 52. Cords or wires 53 are connected to this rudder and are led through suitable pulleys 54 to a steering lever 55 pivoted on the platform 37 and arranged to be'operated by the feet of the aviator. Extending between the members 16 of the lower main frame is a plank or support 56 whereon is mounted an engine 57 preferabl of the internal combustion type and this engine is provided with a shaft 58 which carries a gear 59 meshing with a second gear 60 mounted on the stub shaft 61. On the shafts 58 and 61 are also provided sprocket wheels 62, thus by this arrangement one of the sprockets will revolve in one direction while the other sprocket will revolve in the opposite direction. .7 i

Extending between the upper and lower main frames are struts 63 having bearings 64' so that they are adapted to carry shafts 65. On the rear end of these shafts 65 are propellers 66, one of said propellers being preferably a. right hand helix while the other propelleris a left hand helix and inside of bearings 64' are mounted sprocket wheels 62' whlch "are driven by chains 80 from the oppositely rotating sprockets 62". On theforward end of each of the shafts 65 is revolubly mounted a beveled gear 66' provided with a' suitable clutch member adapted to operate with a clutch member 67 splined-to the respective shaft 65. Supported in suitable bearings beneath the lower main frame ,is a rock shaft 68 which carries a pair of arms 69 having shipper forks 70 thereon for the actuation of the clutch members 67 Extending downward from the rock shaft 68 is a rock arm 71 which is connected by a link 72 with a lever 73 ositioned adjacent the drivers seat.

uitably supported in the main frame are vertical shafts 74 each of which carries adjacent its upper end an elevating helix 75; these helices are also right, and left hand. On each of the shafts 74 there is moreover a beveled gear 76 which meshes with one of the beveled gears 66 so that by the proper manipulation of the lever 73 the operator may cause the helices to rotate.

From the foregoing it will be seen'that by means of thelever 41 the operator controls the elevating planes, drawing the lever back when he wishes to ascend, and pushing the same forward when he wishes to descend. By means of the lever 49 the operrator controls the raising the rear edge of theright hand when the right hand side of the machine tilts and at the same time de pressing the rear edge 'of the left hand by the proper movement of the lever 49, it being understood that the lever is moved in the opposite direction when the right hand side of the main plane drops below normal. It will also be obvious that by drawing on one or the other of the cords 53 and by shoving the proper side of the lever 55 upward with the foot the position of the rudder 52 will be changed, thus enabling the machine to be steered to the right or left. When the engine 57 is started clutches 67 are thrown into engagement with gears 66' so that all four helices are driven at one time. It will also be obvious that while the two elevating helices and the two driving helices have opposite pitches they are also driven in opposite directions and hence both exert the same effect on the machine. When it is desired to stop the elevating helices lever 73 is pulled backward and through the rock arm 71, link 72 and rock shaft 68, simultaneously disengaging the two clutches 67.

There has thus been provided a simple and efiicient device of the kind described, and for the purpose specified.

It is obvious that many minor changes may be made in the form and construction thereof without departing from the material principles thereof and it is'therefore not wished to confine the invention to the exact formherein shown and described, but it is .wished to'include all such as properly come within the scope claimed.

- Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, is

1. In an aeroplane, a frame consisting of an upper rectangular frame work of pipe, a lower rectangular frameworkof ipes having its sides terminating short 0 the sides of the upper rectangular framework, support-ing wheels'attached to the lower framework, diagonal struts connecting the corners of the upper and lower frameworks, other struts connecting the frameworks'intermediate the diagonal struts, a pair. of parallel brace bars extending across the upper frame, tail bars extending backward in line with the last-mentioned brace bars, a rectangular pipefralne carried by said tail bars, and a tail bar extending from the center line of the lower frame, diverging branch members extending rearwardly and outwardly from the rear end of the -last nentioned member, a rectangular frame carried by the diverging members, and struts connecting the rectangular frame carried by the tail members with the lastmenti'onedrectangular frame.

2. In an aeroplane, a frame, consisting of an upper rectangular frame work of pipe, a lower rectangular framework of pipes having its sides terminating short of the sides of the upper rectangular framework, supporting wheels attached to the lower framework, diagonal struts connecting the corners of the upper and lower frameworks, other struts connecting the frameworks intermediate the diagonal struts, a pair of parallel brace bars extending across the upper frame, tail bars extending backward in line with the last-mentioned brace bars, avrectangular pipe frame carried 'by said tail bars, and a tail bar extending from the center line of the lower frame, diverging branch members extending rearwardly'and outwardly from the rear end of the last mentioned member, a rectangular frame .carried by the diverging members, struts vided with helices carried by the upper and lower rectangular frames, operative connections between thepower means and said shafts, planes Carried by the rectangular frames supported by the tail bars, a rudder between the last-mentioned fram'es, a hori- .zontally disposed rudder supported by the upper rectangular frame, and righting means carried between the upper and lower rectangular frames.

In testimon whereof I afiix-my signature in presence of two witnesses.

H. C. SCHROEDER, M. M. ESGHERICH.

Images