US1030262A - Gas or vapor electric apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

'P. O. HEWITT & N. W. ROGERS.

GAS 0R VAPOR BLEGTRIG APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 23, 1901.

Patented June 18, 1912.

- velea iw (an STATES OFFICE. I

PETER COOPER HEWITT, 0F YORK, AND NELSON W. ROGERS, 0F MOUNT VERNON, NEW YORK, ASSIGNORS, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO COOPER HEWITT ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

GAS OR VAPOR ELECTRIC APPARATUS.

- Specification of Letters Patent.

- Patented'June 18, 1912.

Application filed March 23, 1901. Serial No. 52,499.

spectively, of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, and

'Mount Vernon, in the county of Westchester and State of New Yorlghave invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas or Vapor Electric Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to the class of apparatus for electric lighting in which electric energy is converted'into light through the agency of vapors or gases.

In a certain other application for Letters Patent filed by. Peter Cooper Hewitt on April 5th, 1900, Serial No. 11,605, he has described a form of lamp using a vapor or gas as a light-emitting element. In certain forms of lamps of this character, there is found to bee reluctance on the part of the lamp to light up under the influence of the normal operating electromotive force of the lamp. This reluctance exists at and-around the negative electrode. 'He has provided various means for affording an initial starting impulse, or series of impulses, of higher elect-romotive force for breaking down this reluctance whereupon the current will continue to flow under the influence of the normal difference of electric potential. Our present invention involves the use of a supplemental starting electrode for overcom ng the electrode reluctance and for placing the lamp in a condition to be t-rav-' ersedbyt-he normal current. This. supplemental electrode is placed in relatively close proximity to the working negative electrode,

and an electric current iscaused to pass from the supplemental electrode to the adjacent working electrode inany suitable manner; for instance, by bringing the two temporarily into actual contact, or by bridging the space between the twoby a good electric conductor, and then separating them when the current is flowing; When current- ,is thus caused to flow from one electrode .to

the other the negative electrode reluctance to. s tarting being. overcome, theremote electrode may be substituted for the starting "t swel eware? P readily between the two Working electrodes, as only the va or then forms the resistance. It is usually ou-nd advantageous, however, 1n substitutm the second working electrode for the starting electrode, to cause a mo mentary electromotive force of somewhat higher potential than the normal working potential for insuring the substitution. 7

In the accompanying drawings, illustrat ing the invention, 'Figure- '1 illustrates I one form of lamp embodying'the invention and Fig. 2 illustrates a modification in the general arrangement of circuits and apparatus.

.Referring to-the' drawings, 1 represents the inclosing chamber of the lamp which may be of glass or other transparent material and containing a suitable gas or vapor. It shown as being provided with an enlarge ment, A, for increasing the heat-radiating capacity of the lamp; this enlargement also serving to contain any slight. impurities which may develop in the lamp.

The tube is provided with two working electrodes 2 and 5. .Whenthe lamp is op-v erated by continuous currents, the electrode 2 is the positive electrode and the. electrode 5 the negative electrode. 1 The positive electrode may be of Honor other suitablemate. rial. The negative electrodemay consistfof a small quantity of mercury through which projects I a point of solid lilat'eriahf when the vapor path of the lampfjis'to be'of mercury vapor. An. auxiliary positive lectrode, 2?, is shown as-loeingv placed in the enlargement .4", in proximityto the negative electrode 5 and'capable of making actual contactthe're with. The electrode 2 may be supported in any convenient r'nanner so that it may be moved away from the electrode 5 in any convenient manner as, for instance, by means of a magnet,v 20,,the coils of vwhichpare'ine cluded in a conductor 21 leading-from the electrode 2 'to the positive main conductor 14. The negative electrode 5 is connected by a conductor, 22,- withthe negative'main conductor,.15.* Theremay also lie-included int-he conductor 21, a reactive coil 17 or other suitable device, for causing a momentary impulse ofhigh electromotive .force'. A conductor 23 leads from a point 24 inthe conductor 21-to the, positiveelectrode 2. electmr magnet. is incl ded in the icon ductor 23 and its armature 26 is employed for operating a switch 27 through which the connections of the conductor 21 are completed when the apparatus is not in operation. This armature 26 is shown as being provided with a counterweight 28, for the purpose of rendering its operation somewhat sluggish for the purpose of introducing a time element in its operation, it usually being desirable that the switch should respond to the action of the magnet 25, subsequently to the action of the magnet 20.

The operation of the lamp is as follows: Assuming that the circuit connections between the conductors 21 and 22 and the main lines 14 and 15 are closed by means of a switch 29, then current will pass through the conductor 21 to the positive electrode 2, thence to the electrode 5, with which it is in contact, and by way of the conductor 22 back to the line 15. A suitable resistance 30 may be included in the conductor 21 in addition to the resistance offered by the electromagnet 17 if desired, for preventing too great a flow of current through this circuit.

vThereupon the electromagnet 20, will separate the electrodei24 from the electrode 5. This separation causing a variation in the resistance of the circuit will resultin a high potential discharge from the coil 17 through the conductor 23 to the electrode 2 and through the tube to the negative electrode 5. This discharge will then be accompanied by a flow of current from the main circuit through the entire tube between the electrodes 2 and 5. Thereupon the current flowing through the coils of the magnet 25 will operate the switch 27 and thus interrupt the circuit connections of the conductor 21 to the electrode 2, the circuit then being from the main line through a portion of the conductor 21, the coil 17 the energized magnet 25, the conductor 23 to the positive electrode 2, thence through the lamp to the negative electrode-'5, and by way of the conductor 22 to the negative main wire 15. Meanwhile, the electrode 2 will return to its normal position, the circuit through the magnet 20 having. been interrupted, so that in case the circuit is elsewhere interrupted and the switch 27 returned to its original position, the circuit may be again completed through the elect-rode'2 as before.

The coil 17 may be allowed to remain in circuit and serve as a steadying-resistance for the lamp, or an additional steadying resistance may be included in the conductor 23, for instance, as indicated at 31. The 0011 17, however, has an additional advantage over an ordinary ohmic resistance in that it servestocompensate "for any temporary variations in the line voltage. For instance a sudden fall in the line potential would result in a momentary increase in the crease to the terminals of the potential applied to the terminals of the lamp by reason of the discharge of the core, and, likewise, when any sudden increase in the line voltage occurs, the coil, 17, will tend to check the application of this inlam In Fig. 2 a modification is show ri wherein the conductor 21 is connected to a point 32, of a switch 27 operated by the magnet 25. A second contact point 33 of this switch is connected by the conductor 21 through the coil 17 with the conductor 14 as before. In this instance the coil 17 acts as a primary of a converter, the secondary coil 18 of which is connected in the reverse direction from the coil 17 and in the conductor 23 leading to the positive electrode 2.. A shunt circuit, 34, is provided around the secondary coil 18, its connections being'interrupted when the apparatus is in the position shown in the drawing at the point 35, at which point a circuit closer is represented for completing the shunt connections when the magnet 25 is energized and the circuit connections 32 and 33 are interrupted. A resistance 31 is included in the conductor 34, and this may be either an ohmic resistance or an inductive resistance as desired. We have also shown in this figure a resistance, 36,-in shunt around the magnet 20 for the purpose of permitting the use of a smaller magnet for operating the electrode 2*.

The operation of this apparatus is essentially the same as that described with reference to Fig. 1. Upon the closing of the circuit of the conductors 21 and 22*, the current passes through the coil 17, the contact point 33, switch arm 27, contact point 32, and by way of wire 21 and magnet 20, to the electrode 2*, whence it passes to the electrode 5 and the conductor 22. Upon the separation of the electrodes 2 and 5, by the action of the magnet 20, a variation of the resistance in the circuit takes place, affecting the coil 17, and through that causing an IOU impulse of high potentlal to be excited in the secondary 18, wl'1ereupon a high potential discharge takes place through the circuit 23, including the magnet 25, passing through the lamp from the electrode 2 to the electrode 5, and out as before. The cur- ,rent'which is then caused to flow through the circuit including the apparatus and the magnet 25 acts to open the circuit at the con tact points 32, 33, and to close a circuit at the point 35, by a pulling down of the switch-arm 27. Thesecondary 18 is thus short-circuited by the wire 34, including the erate upon a circuit including the wire 34, and its resistance 31, the contact 35 and mag nets 25, the rest of the circuit being com pleted as before. The resistance 31 is so adjusted that the ballast effect of the devices remaining in the circuit will properly resistance 31, and the lamp continues to op- In practice we have found that by starting the lamp by first making a temporary connection between the starting electrode and the negative electrode and then separating it, the reluctance to the passage of the current through the entire lamp is very much diminished and, therefore, a relatively small discharge impulse suflices to secure the passage of the current through the lamp. The reactive device may therefore be made small or even dispensed with in some instances.

The substitution of the positive electrode 2 for the temporary positive electrode is facilitated by the use of a conducting band 9 placed outside the tube at or near the negative electrode and connect-edeither with the ground or with a conductor leading to the positive electrode.

While the apparatus herein illustrated is primarily designed for light-giving purposes, yet it is evident'that the action of the parts constituting the present invention would be the same whether the device were used as a lamp or for any other of the purposes for which vapor apparatus of this class is suited.

The part 2 when separated from the negative electrode 5 acts to initiate a current flow through the intervening gas path, thus doing away with the negative electrode reluctance, and the current flow between the negative electrode and the remote positive electrode 2 may then be readily established. The variation in the resistance of the circuit through the starting positive electrode 2 caused by the introduction of the intervening vapor path may be utilized for impressing a momentary higher potential upon the main positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 5 through the instrumentality of the inductance device 17 or even by the coils of the magnet 20 in case such higher electromotive force is required for initiating a current flow from the remote positive electrode 2 to the negative electrode 5. The doing away with the negative electrode reluctance, however, by reason of the initial current flow between. it and the starting elec- I trode 2* of itself so far reduces the total resistance between the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 5 that, as stated above, the current flow between the main positive and negative electrodes may be started without the requirement of such higher potential. The fundamental feature of the'invention resides in the lowering of the resistance to be overcome by the main current flow'fby first locally removing from action the negative electrode reluctance and m aintaining'the device in this condition until the main current flowyhas been established. The operation whichz-ferms the basis of the present invention consists in starting the are, if it may properly be'termed an are, between the cathode and a supplemental anode, as a preliminary to the institution of the are between the working anode and the cathode. For this purpose, the cathode and the supplementary anode are brought into contact and then separated sufliciently to draw an arc. After this is established the are between the main anode and the cathode follows in the manner already described.

Another application, Serial Number 343,699, filed November 16th, 1906, which is a division hereof, contains claims upon certain matters herein disclosed.

' We claim as our invention:

1. In a gas or vapor apparatus, the combination of two working electrodes, a starting electrode, and means for connecting the starting electrode with and disconnecting it from, one only of the working electrodes.

2. In a gas or vapor apparatus of the character described, the combination with a negative electrode, of two positive electrodes, means for closing and opening the circuit from meet the positive electrodes to the negative electrode, and means brought into operation by the opening of the said circuit for automatically substituting the other positive electrode.

3. In a gas or vapor apparatus of the character described, the combination of a negative electrode, a movable positive electrode, a Working positive electrode, means for placing the movable positive electrode in contact with the negative electrode, means for automatically separating the same when current flows through the apparatus, and simultaneously causing a current to pass between the negative electrode and the Working positive electrode.

- 4. In a gas or-vapor apparatus of the character described, a suitable container, two or more positive electrodes, and a common negative electrode, and a conducting gas or vapor, in combination with a circuit-closing device for connecting the negative electrode in a circuit'including one of the positive electrodes, and means for opening the circuit at the circuit closing device, and there after interposing the gas or vapor path as a part of the'circuit to another positive electrode.

5. In a gas or vaporapparatus of the character described, a positive and a negative electrode, a supplemental starting electrode, means for temporarily connecting the supplemental electrode with the negative electrode of the apparatus, and means for impressing a highelectro-motive-force upon the terminals of the apparatus when the starting electrode. is separated from the negative electrode, v

6. In a gas or vapor apparatus of the character described, a hermetically sealed electrode within the same, a movable electrodein contact therewith, and means for automatically separating the movable elec-- trode from the negative electrode.

I. In a gas or vapor apparatus of the character described, a hermetically sealed container, a negative electrode within the same, two positive electrodes within the container, means for placing one positive electrode in electrical connection with the negative elect-rode, and means for automatically severing such connection.

18. In a gas or vapor apparatus of the character d escribed,- the combination with the negative electrode, or two positive electrodes, means for placing one positive electrode in electrical connection with the negative electrode, means for automatically severing such connection, and means for temporarily impressing a higher potentlal upon the remaining positive and the negative electrodes.

9. In a gas or vapor apparatus of the character described, the combination with the negative electrode, of two positive electrodes, means for placing one positive electrode in electrical connection with the negative electrode, means for automatically severing such connection, means for temporarily impressing a higher potential upon the remaining positive and the negative electrodes, and means for interrupting the connections with the first named positive electrode.

10. In a gas or vapor apparatus of the character described, the combination of a hermetically sealed container, a negative electrode, a permanent positive electrode, and a temporary positive electrode within the container normally in contact with the negative electrode when the apparatus is out of operation, and means for separating the temporary positive electrode from the negative electrode.

.11. As a means for causing the flow of current through a circuit comprising a solid conductor and an interposed vapor acting as a conductor and provided with a positive and a negative electrode, the combination of means for closing a circuit around'the' vapor or gas by means of solid conductors, means for disconnecting the solid conductors within the vapor or gas and substituting the first named positive electrode. for the positive so formed and for simultaneously causing an increase of potential in the current of the circuit.

12. In a gas or vapor apparatus of the class described, the combination with a suitable vaporand a negative electrode, of a permanent positive electrode, and a separate temporary or starting positive elec-' trode.

13. In an electric gas or vapor apparatus character described, the combination of a' hermetically sealed inclosing chamber, two electrodes therein remote from each other designed to be .respectively connected with terminals of an electric circuit, a movable contact device within the container normally in contact with one of the electrodes when the apparatus is not in operation, an electric circuit connected therewith, an inductance device included in the last named circuit, means for separating the contact device from the corresponding electrode, and circuit connections whereby the discharge from the inductance device may take place through the space intervening between said electrodes.

15. The combination of an inclosing chamber, two electrodes therein, an intervening gas or vapor, a contact device with: in the chamber for making contact with one of the. electrodes, meansfor separating the contact device from said electrode, a reactance device connected in series with the electrodes, circuit connections for temporarily closing a short circuit through the reactance device by way of one of the electrodes and independently of the other electrode.

16. The combination with an inclosing envelop of a vapor electric apparatus, of a main terminal, an auxiliary terminal in contact with the main terminal when the apparatus is in'a non-operating condition, means for separating the terminals to. start an arc, and separate means for maintaining the separation of the terminals.

17. The combination in a vapor electric apparatus, of an exhausted envelop, main electrodes therefor, one of which is adapted to emit vapor during operation, and a non- I vaporizable supplement-a1 electrode cooperatively related to the last mentioned electrode.

18. The combination with a light transmitting envelop, of main terminals communicating wit-h the interior thereof, one of which terminals is electrically connected to a body of mercury in said envelop, a supplemental non-vaporizable electrode, and means for making and breaking electrical connection between the mercury and said non-vaporizable electrode. 5

19. In a vapor conductor,'the combination with an exhausted envelop, of main movin menses elipetrodesbetween 'whiehthefprihci a1 flow lace, and an a ditional.

combination of an exhausted envelop, main electrodes therefor, an additional or supplemental electrode in cotiperative relation to one of the main electrodes and means for said additional electrode. 21. he combination in a vapor electric appar us, of. main electrodes, one of which is of a orizable material, and a supplemental e ectrode adapted under certain conditions to inake electrical contact with said material. v

22. The combination in a vapor electrica paratus, of main electrodes, one at least 0? which is of-mercury, and a sup lemental electrode of a material not readily vaporizable arranged so that it may make electrical contact with said mercury.

23. In a vapor electric apparatus, the "combination of an exhausted envelo niain electrodes therefor, one at least or which is adapted to emit vapor during operation and a ma etically controlled supplements electrode 1n cotiperative relation to one of the main electrodes.

24. The combination of a light transmitting envelop main electrodes therefor, one at e ast of which is adapted to emit va or during operation, and a supplemental e cotrode arranged in coiiperative relation to the vapor-emitting electrode and formed of a material not readily vaporizable.

25. The combination of an exhausted envelop, main" electrodes therefor, "a sup lemental electrode, and electrically contro led means for making and breaking contact between said supplemental electrode and one of said main electrodes.

26. The combination of an exhausted envelop, a main circuit through the envelop, a supplemental circuit through the envelop, and electrically controlled means for cutting out one circuit in response to a flow of current in the other.

27. The combination in a vapor apparatus, of a light transmitting envelop, inain electrodes therefor, one at least of which is of vaporizable material, a locally 0 eratin source of va or within said .enve op, an means controlled by flow of current between said main electrodes for controlling" the operation of said source.

' '28. The combination in "a vapor apparatus, of main electrodes, a supplemental electrode, and means for momentarily causing a localized production of ionized vapor.

29. The combination of an exhaustedenvelop, electrodes therein, means for impressing upon said electrodes an electro-motiveduced force insufficient in initiates-"flow of was between said electrodes, and means-for conveyrng current to one of. said electrodes otherwise than by the instrumentality ofthe other whereby a conductin vapor is profrom the substance 0 that electrode to which current is conveyed, which conducting vaporenables current to flow between said electrodes in response to the electro-motive-force impressed thereon.

30. The combination of a vaporizable electrode, a plurality of'electrodes coiiperatmg Wltll' said vaporizable electrode, and

means for starting an are between said vaporizable electrode and one of its cooperating electrodes b first starting an are between said vaporize le electrode and another. of said cooperating electrodes.

31. The combination of an exhausted envelop, electrodes therefor, one at least of which is of vaporizable material, a source of current connected to said electrodes, and

means for starting a flow of current from said source between said electrodes by first causing an independently existing arc to spring from said vaporizable elect-rode.

32. The combination of'anexhausted en: velop, electrodes therefor, one at least of which is adapted to emit vapor, means for impressing electro-motive-forces on said electrodes,and means for starting an arc'between one pair of said electrodes including said vapor-emitting electrode, thereby starting an are between said vapor-emitting electrode and another of said electrodes.

.' 33. The combination of a plurality of cooperating electrodes arranged at fixed distances from each other, one at least ofwhich electrodes is of vaporizable material, a source of gurrent connected to said electrodes, and means for causing a flow of current to take place from said source between said electrodes, consisting of an additional electrode arranged with respect to said vaporizable electrode so that an ,arc may be caused' to sprin between said vaporizable electrode and said additional electrode.

3.4.- The combination of a main electrode adapted to emit vapor and a starting electrode adjacent thereto, said starting electrode being of non-vaporizable material.

35. In a device in which an arc .is produced in a vaporous conducting medium, the combination of electrodes, means for initially generating ionized va or, and means 0 crating to impress upon said electrodes an e ectromotive force higher than the normal working voltage but not high enough of itself to start and maintain an are between said electrodes.

36. The combination with a mercury vaor apparatus havin a negative electrode ormed of aconducting liquid and a sup trode and the supplements 38. In a gas; or vapor electric a paratus of-the character described, a movab e auxiliaryelectrode of magnetic material, adapted to, connect withthe negative electrode, in combination with'an electro-magnet external tothe container adaptedto move the auxiliary electrode.

39. In a gas or vapor apparatus,- the coml bination of a working poegative electrode, a working positive elect e, and a. supplementary elect-rode,'with' means for p current between the main' negative-electrode: and supplementary electrode through metallic-contact, and means for disconnectingthe supplementary electrode from the main? 'negativeelectrode. I n J 40. In a gas or va or apparatus, the combination with a wor 'ng negative electrode, a working-positive electrode, and a supple-;

mentary. electrode, of means for passing! current between the working negative elecelectrode through metallic contact, an automatic means for disconnecting the supplementary;

electrode from the' main negativeelectrode? 41. In a gas or vaporapparatusof the.

- character described, the combination of a 'means for limiting ing a high volta'ge pon a main electrode i ring current flow from one of-sa-id-anodes to negative electrode, oftwo positive electrodes,z means for placing. one itive electrode in? electrical. connection wit zlf the negative elec trode, means for automatically severing such. connection, means for temporarily impressing a higher potential upon the, y

positive and the negative electrodes, and f through the first named positive electrode:

42. The combination of an exhaustedfem: a startingi electrode therefor, and means for impress- .velop, main-electrodes therefor .and the star g electrode.

-'43. In a vapor conductor, the combina-; tion of an exhausted. envelop, a vapor emittin main electrode, a non-vaporizable elece, and means for starting current flow between the vaporiza'ble electrode and the said non-va rizable electrode, said meansconsisting o a singlesta' ing electrode ad jfliiliiiZO said vapor emitting electrode.

{vapor apparatus c'oinpri an exhausted 8mg trodes, including-a-mercury cathode, as the single negative electrode -of the apparatus means, includ" the flow of current? container and a plurality of. elec;

and an additional-positive electrode adapted to contact with said mercury cathode.

45. A vapor apparatus, comprising an exhausted container and a pluralit of mam electrodes includ' a va constructing oath" e, as t e single negative electrode of the apparatus, and rstarting an additional anodeadapted to contact with said cathode'l structin cathode, as thesingle-negative 'elec-' rizab e and re-' 46. The combination-with an exhaustedtrode o the apparatus,- of means for ov'ercoming the re starting, said means loca 'within the container and opera-ting upon said cathode.

.47. .The combination wlth an exhausted container and a plurality of electrodes uctance of the t:(pparatus to ,1

therein, one being a vaporizable and recon-1 structin cathode, of an anode, and an additional 'e ectrode, also in said container and automatic means'for producing an electrical contacting between said cathode and said additional electrode. Y v '48. Theconibination' with an exhausted container. and ,a plurality of electrodes: therein, one being a 'vaporizable and; recon-- .structing cathode, of starting means comprising an additional'anode and meansfor establishing a current flow through a metallic circuit within the container including said anode and said cathode. andmeans for interrupting said metallic circuit during the continuance of said. current flow.

- 49. In a system of electrical distribution,

fa vapor apparatus comprising anexhausted container, electrodes'therein one of which is a plum ity of "current paths. through. sai

container traversing said cathode, together with means for starting operation'in one of said circuits and transferring operation to another of said circuitsi.

50. In a' system of electrical-distribution,

another of said anodes. v

'- '51.-- A vapor apparatus compris' an ex.-

a vaporiz'able and reconstructing cathode and supply circuits and connections forming hausted container, a vaporlzable an reconstructing cathode, and a plurality of current paths t erein traversingksaid cathode, "in combination with means for'utilizin cathode activity. established in one of said circuits for initiating o ration in another.

52. In a system. 0 electrical distribution, the combination witha mercury vapor apparatus coinprisi can Iexhausted container,

main electrodes t one of which is-a 'vaporizable reconstructing cathode and a source of current therefor, of means for drawing a direct current are from said cathode, said means including a supplemental clectrodefin operative relation to said cathode, whereby said cathode is excited.

In a mercury vapor apparatus comprising, an exhausted container having a vaporizable and reconstructing cathode therein, means for exciting said cathode, said means providing a direct current are fed to said cathode through a supplemental electrode.

Set. The combination of a mercury vapor apparatus comprising an exhausted container, a mainanode and a vaporizable reconstructing cathode therein, an additional anode also therein adjacent to said cathode relatively to said main anode and supply circuits for said electrodes, together with a current limiting device in the lead of said additional anode.

55. The combination of an exhausted eontainer, a main anode and vaporizable reconstructing cathode, a movable anode in contacting relation with said cathode,- a circuit for said main anode, a shunt circuit for said movable anode and a magnet controlling said movable anode located in said shunt circuit.

56, In a system of electrical distribution, the combination with an exhausted container, electrodes therein one of which is a vaporizable reconstructing cathode, a sup- 57. The combination with an exhausted,

envelop and a plurality of main electrodes therein, one being a vaporizable reconstructmg cathode, of a supplemental electrode and means operating through the agency of said supplemental electrode for causing a localized production of ionized vapor in said envelop.

58. In a system of electrical distribution, the combination with a source of current and a vapor apparatus comprising an exhausted container, and a plurality of electrodes therein, one being a vaporizable reconstructing cathode, of a starting circuit for said apparatus traversing a path in said container including said cathode, and means for deriving from theoperation of said starting circuit a high potential, together with means for applying said high potential upon the main operating circuit.

i igned by us at New York in the county of New York, and State of New York, this twentieth day of March, A. D. 1901.

PETER COOPER HEWITT; NELSON W. ROGERS. WVit-nesses:

STANWOOD E. FLIGHTNER, WM. H. CAPEL.

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