US1029037A

US1029037A - Firearm.

Info

Publication number: US1029037A
Application number: US61021511A
Authority: US
Inventors: Charles A Young
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1911-02-23
Filing date: 1911-02-23
Publication date: 1912-06-11
Anticipated expiration: 1929-06-11

Description

C. A. YOUNG.

FIREARM.

v PEB.23,1911. 1,029,037, Patented June 11, 1912.

5 SHEBTSSHEET 1". I

G. A. YOUNG.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED 313.23, 1911.

1,029,087, 7 Patented June 11, 1912.

5 SHEETSSHEET 3.

4 Mum G. A. YOUNG.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED rsnzs, 1911.

Patented June 11, 1912.

5 8HEETSSHEBT 4.

' G. A. YOUNG.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED 211.23, 1911.

Patented June 11,1912.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

era

AFT @FFFQE.

FIREARM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 11, 1912.

Application filed February 23, 1911. Serial No. 610,215.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. YOUNG, a citizen of the United States, residing near Enon, in the county of Clarkand State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Firearms, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to fire arms and particularly to repeating or magazine guns.

The invention relates especially to improvements in the class of magazine guns in which the breech block is arranged to move longitudinally rearward and forward in opening and closing the breech, and in which the carrier is located below the breech block and adapted to swing in a vertical plane to receive the cartridge from the magazine and present it forward of the breech block, in such position that the for ward movement of the block will force the cartridge from the carrier into the barrel, the parts being actuated by the reciprocatory movement of a fore arm grip or handle located forward of the frame of the gun, and reciprocated in a line substantially parallel with the axis of the barrel.

The object of the invention is to simplify the structure as well as the means and mode of operation of such devices, whereby they will not only be cheapened in construction, but will be rendered more efiicient and safe in operation, more positive in action, and unlikely to get out of repair.

A further object is to provide an improved form of lock action and means for cooking or setting the action directly by the operation of the reciprocating grip, and to provide a safety lock adapted to arrest the fall of the hammer if the sear fails to engage the hammer, or is accidentally disengaged therefrom before the parts are in firing positions.

A further object is to provide an additional safety lock adapted to prevent the opening of the arm after the hammer has been cooked and the parts in condition for firing until after the falling of the hammer, thereby preventing the user from prematurely opening the gun by exerting an un timely rearward draft upon the sliding handle and to provide a manually operated device whereby said safety lock may be rendered inoperative at will.

A further object is to provide a safety lock for the trigger so located as to be convenient to the hand of the operator when grasping the stock of the arm in the natural position of use.

l/Vith the'above primary and other 'indi dental objects in view as will more fully appear in the specification, the invention consists of the features of construction, the parts and combinations thereof, and the mode of operation or their equivalents, as hereinafter described and set forth in the claims.

In the drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are side elevations of portions of the assembled gun in closed condition, showing the right and left sides of the arm respectively. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view through the housing, showing the exterior of the breech block and carrier and the operative parts. Fig. 4. is a similar view, the section being taken through the breech block, the carrier, the barrel and the magazine. Figs. 5 and 6 are perspective views of the carrier removed from the housing. Fig. 7 is a side elevation, partly in section of the carrier, showing the lug of the action bar as it approaches the inner limit of its stroke resetting or cooking the hammer. Fig. 8 is a similar view showing the action bar lug at the beginning of its return stroke. Fig. 9 is a bottom view of the carrier with the action bar locking device and cartridge guide removed. Figs. 10 and 11 are similar views showing two forms of sear springs and hammer connections. Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the action bar locking member and cartridge guide removed from the carrier. Fig. 13 is a perspective view of the plunger and head or hammer of the lock action. Fig. 14c is a similar view of a modification of the hammer. Fig. 15 is alongitudinal sectional View of a portion of the housing with the carrier removed. Fig. 16 is a view of the forward end of the housing with breech block and carrier in closed positions. Fig. 17 is a transverse sectional view through the housing and carrier. Fig. 18 is a detail perspective view of the rear portion of the housing, showing the carrier abutment. Fig. 19 is a perspective view of the pivotal stud of the carrier. Fig. 20 is a bottom plan View of the breech block. Fig. 21 is a detail View of the swinging dog and its control spring. Fig. 22 is a side elevation of the carrier partly broken away to disclose the action of the sear in maintaining the action bar stop in operative position. Fig. 23 is a perspective view of the carrier showing the under side thereof.

Like parts are indicated by similar characters of reference throughout the several views.

In the drawings 1 is the stock, and 2 is the barrel immediately below which and extending parallel therewith is the magazine 3. The magazine is provided with the usual spring (not shown) operating to move the cartridges within the magazine rearward as each successive cartridge is released by the detents hereinaftermentioned. The barrel 2 and magazine 3 open at their rear ends into a housing t connecting said parts with the stock 1. The housing 4: is sometimes known as the receiver. The housing a is an integral member open on its under side through which the magazine is filled, and having an opening 5 in the side thereof through which the exploded shell is ejected, or the cartridge if it be not exploded. \Vithin the housing 1 is located a recipro cating breech block 6 sliding in suitable ways in the housing, and immediately below the breech block is a swinging carrier 7 oscillating in a vertical plane. The opening 5 is normally closed by suitable closure devices cooperating with the breech block and carrier.

The breech block 6 is shouldered or offset, and is provided with a reciprocating firing pin 8 adapted to engage and explode the cartridge when propelled forward by the action of the hammer or lock mechanism to be described. The forward end of the carrier is formed with a shoulder or offset corresponding with that of the breech block with which it registers when in closed po sition and forms an abutment to resistthe recoil of the breech block. The actuating means for the breech block and carrier consists of a reciprocating fore arm grip 9 slidingly mounted on the magazine, from which projects a rearward extending action bar 10. The action bar 10 projects through an opening 11 in the front of the housing, and at its extremity is provided with a nose 12 which engages with a hook shaped pivoted dog 13 attached to the breech block 6, whereby the breech block 6 is reciprocated in unison with the action bar 10.

Adjacent to the nose 12 of the action bar there is located a lug 14: which engages and moves in a peculiarly shaped cam groove 15 in the side of the carrier 7, as the action bar is reciprocated, and thereby causes a swinging movement of the carrier in proper time with the movement of the other operating parts. The aforementioned method of actuating the breech block and carrier forms no part of the present invent-ion, but is shown and described in my prior Patents No. 954,663 and No. 955,490.

The firing mechanism or look action is contained within the swinging carrier. The rear portion of the carrier is recessed as at 16. Located within the recess and reciprocating therein in inclined grooves or ways 17 is a head or hammer 1S. Extending upwardly and forwardly from the recess 16 is a bore 19 in which is located a reciprocating plunger 20 connected at one end to the head or hammer 1S and provided with a plunger head 21 at the opposite extremity adapted to engage the firing pin 8 of the breech block when the block and carrier are in their closed position. A helical actuating spring is provided about the shaft of the plunger 20 hearing at one 'end on the plunger head 21 and at the opposite end on the rear wall of the bore 19. The spring 22 tends to propel the plunger and hammer 18 forward, causing the head 21, of the plunger 20 to engage the firing pin 8, driving it forward to explode the cartridge. The hammer 18 is provided with a lateral projecting lug 23 extending through a slot 2% in the bottom of the cam groove 15 of the carrier. The hammer lug 23 projects into the path of the lug lat of the act-ion bar 10 and is adapted to be engaged thereby as the action bar is moved rearward, thereby moving the hammer rearward into its set or cocked position against the tension of the spring 22. The resetting or cocking of the hammer is thus accomplished directly by the operation of the action bar 10. The hammer and plunger are retained in their rearward or set positions by a hook shaped sear 25, which engages with the shoulder 26 of the hammer 18, the sear being held in engagement with the hammer by the usual sear spring 27.

At its rear extremity the cam groove 15 in the carrier merges into a recess 28, which permits the carrier to drop when the lug 1a of the action bar has passed from the cam groove into said recess. At the juncture of the cam groove 15 and recess 28 there is pivoted a swinging dog 29 spring pressed into its rearward position, as shown in Figs. 3, 5 and 7. The swinging dog 29 is secured on the extremity of a transverse shaft 30 mounted in the carrier. A port-ion of the; shaft 30 is flattened and such flat portion is engaged by a spring 31 as shown in Figs. at" and 21, which tends to retain the swinging dog 29 in its rearmost position or to return it thereto when moved forward as hereafter described. The swinging dog 29 is provided with two angularly arranged faces, the lowermost face coinciding with the wall of the cam groove 15 when the dog'is in its rearward or normal position, thereby forming a continuation of said cam groove. The second face coincides with the wall of the recess 28 when the dog has been oscillated to its forward position as shown in Fig. 8..

It will be noted that the slot 24 through which projects the lateral lug of the hammer head 18, is slightly inclined in relation to the cam groove 15 and the path of travel of the lug 14. Thus as the hammer head is forced rearward by the engagement of the action bar lug 14 with the lateral lug 23 of the hammer head, the lateral lug during its rearward movement is carried slightly downward below the plane of travel of the action bar lug 14. This down ward movement of the lug 23 simultaneous with its rearward movement tends to release the action bar lug 14 from the hammer head lug 23 to permit the action bar lug 14 to enter the recess 28 of the cam groove.

The object of the swinging dog 29 is to compel a sufficient rearward movement of the hammer head before the action bar lug 14 is released therefrom to insure the engagement of the sear 25 therewith. If the action bar lug should disengage the hammerhead exactly at the point in its path of travel where the sear 25 should engage the hammer head, great accuracy of manufacture and adjustment would be required, and the presence of a bit of dirt or foreign matter upon the sear or the shoulder 26 of the hammer, or the slight wear of said parts might prevent the retention of the hammer in its set or cooked position. To insure the engagement of the hammer head and sear an overthrow of the hammer head or movement beyond the point of engagement of the sear and hammer head is compelled by the use ofthe swinging dog 29. Such overthrow movement is indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 7.

In Fig. 7 the parts are shown in positions where the action bar lug 14 has forced the hammer head rearward until the sear 25 has engaged the shoulder 26 of the hammer head but on account of its engagement with the swinging dog which forms a continuation of the upper wall of the cam groove 15, the action bar lug 14 can notleave the cam groove 15 and enter the recess 28 until it has made an additional rearward movement as indicated in dotted lines thus clearing the swinging dog 29 and giving to the hammer head the overthrow movement before mentioned. As the action bar moves the said additional step the breech block which has moved rearward with the action bar engages the inclined face 32 of the carrier causing the carrier to drop, disengaging the action bar lug from the lug 23 of the hammer head, and causing the action bar lug 14 to enter the recess 28. Upon its disengagementfrom the action bar lug 14, the hammer head advances the dis tance of the overthrow movement into engagement with the sear. This return movement of the hammer head would look the action bar lug 14 in the recess 28 if the swinging dog 29 was not movable, since the space between the hammer head lug 23 and the swinging dog 29 is not sufficient to permit the passage of the action bar lug when said parts are in normal position. The forward side of the recess 28 is inclined and forms a cam face which is engaged by the action bar lug 14 on its return or forward movement to elevate the carrier from its lowermost position. As the action bar lug engages the swinging dog on its movement from the recess 28, the swinging dog yields as shown in Fig. 8 until the rear face coincides with the inclined wall of the recess, thus permitting the lug 14 to pass from the recess, after which the spring 31 will r turn the swinging dog to its original position.

The magazine is filled by passing the cartridges thereinto beneath the carrier while the carrier is in closed position.

The under side of the carrier is recessed or cut away as shown in Figs. 4 and 6 and a movable concave guide plate 33 is pivotally secured to the bottom of the carrier by means of a perforated ear 34 engaged by a transverse bolt 35. The guide plate 33 is provided with a rearward extending blade or arm 36, which underlies the sear 25 and sear spring 27. The forward end of the guide plate is normally pressed downward by a spring 37 interposed between the guide plate and the under side of the carrier.

The under side of the hammer head 18 is provided with a projection 38 adapted to engage the rearward blade 36 of the guide plate 33 as the hammer is forced rearward by the action bar and by forcing the rearward blade or arm 36 downward the forward end of the guide plate is elevated against the tension of the spring 37. The inclined path of travel of the projection 38, due to the inclination of the guides or ways 17 of the hammer head 18 causes the projection 38 to release the blade 36 when the hammerhead is propelled forward under the influence of the spring 22 as shown in Fig. 4, thereby permitting the spring 37 to depress the forward portion of the guide plate 33. The sear and sear spring and 27 are slotted as at- 39 through which the projection 38 of the hammer head extends into engagement with the blade 36 of the guide plate, (see Fig. 1.1). As a modification of this construction, the hammer head might be provided with two projections 40 corresponding to the projection 38, as shown in Fig. 14, in which case the sear and sear spring would be reduced in width, with the projections 40 extending on opposite sides of the sear and spring as shown in Fig. 10.

A safety stop for the action bar is provided which secures the gun against opening after it has been once closed until the hammer has fallen, thus preventing juggling whereby two cartridges might be released from the magazine and become jammed in the carrier atthe same time. It also prevents premature opening of the arm before the cartridge has exploded, by an untimely rearward draft upon the operating grip or handle. This safety stop comprises a projecting shoulder ll on the guide plate which when the plate is in its elevated position extends into the cam groove 15 of the carrier and into the path of the action bar lug, as shown particularly in Fig.

and also in Figs. 5, 7 and 8. The rearward movement of the hammer head 18, through the engagement of the projection 38 with the blade 36 of the guide plate 33, causes the oscillation of the guide plate and the elevation of the stop ll into the path of the action bar lug. The action bar lug being engaged within the cam slot at the time of the elevation of the stop all, will engage the inclined rearward face of the stop upon the outward movement of the action bar and by depressing the stop againstthe tension of the flexible spring blade -36 of the guide plate 33, will pass out of the cam groove atthe forward limit of its stroke. However any attempt to return the action bar by a rearward pull prior to the falling of the hammer will be resisted by the engagement of the action bar lug with the stop shoulder 41. It will be seen that by this construction the hammer by its rearward movement to setor cocked position positively moves the SLOP 41 into the path of the action bar. and holds it in such operative position as long as the hammer in cocked position.

llpon the falling of the hammer the projection 3 of the hammer head moving forwardly and upwardly away from the blade 36, frees the guide plate or which the stop 4:1 is carried, and permits the soring to depress the stopout of the path of the action bar, providing the operator is not exerting a rearward pull upon the operating grip and action bar sutlicient to overcome the tension of the spring 37 and prevent the disengagement of the lug 1i and the stop ll. If the operator is pulling strongly upon the grip the engagement of tie action bar lug ll and the stop a1 will not be broken until such rearward draft has ceased, when the spring 3? will depress the guide plat-e and stop 41, after which the action bar may be moved rearward to open the breech, lower the carrier and. reset the ham-- mer before described. Furthermore the said construction will not retard the hammer or atlord any resistance to the in ovement thereof, the force of the falling hammer is not utilized in any manner to opcrate the stop, as has been the practice here-V A further advantage of the con tofore. struction is that the several parts are located on the bottom of the carrier in posltions to be easily seen and easily accessible,

through the bottom of the housing. Further if any part. should break itcould not block the mechanism to prevent the opening of the gun. The stop member being mounted on the concave shell guide affords additional strength to resist excessive rearward strains, and at the same time reduces the number of parts and permits the carrier to be recessed or cut away beneath the guide plate thereby reducing the-welght of the carrier. As it may sometimes be des1rable to admit the lug of the action bar to 1 the cam groove 15 while the hammer head is engaged by the sear, means is provided for miinu all y withdrawing the stop shoulder 41 from the path of the action bar lug atwill.

Projecting downward from the rearward blade 36 of the guide plate 33 is a finger grip as located substantially midlength the said blade. If a slight pull be exerted upon the finger grip 4 2 while the rear eX-f be accom Jlishcd bv aressin u award u on the blade 36 at a point substantiallymidlength, and the finger grip omitted.

To prevent the accidental falling of the hammer in case the sear fails to engage the hammer, which might resultin lockingthe action bar lug in the recess of the cam slot or to prevent the falling of the hammer through the accidental disengagement of the sear and hammer head before the parts have been returned to normal, there is pro vided a safety stop lever 43 pivoted 1n the arrier, the rear end of which is spring pressed into the path of the hammer head slightly in advance of the point of engagement of the hammer head and sear. The forward end of the stop lever is provided with a head ll projecting beyond the plane of the carrier. The inner or rear end. of

the stop lever standing in the path of the hammer head at all times when the carrier is moved away from closed position engages and arrests the hammer head if itfails to engage with or is disengaged from the sear. (See Fig. 9.) its closed position, the head 4A of the stop As the carrier is moved to lever 48 engages a cam surface 45 in the inner side of the housing, (see Fig. 15) by which the said head-is depressed against the tension of the spring 16, thereby withdrawing the rear end of the stop lever from the path of the hammer head. The cam surface %5 is so located in the path of the carrier that the safety lever head will engage the cam surface to withdraw the stop and release the hammer before the carrier has been moved to the limit of its stroke, but after the action bar lug has passed from the cam groove recess to the forward port-ion of the cam groove 15. If the sear has failed to engage the hammer head and the hammer is being held solely by the safety lever the withdrawal of the stop lever will permit the hammer to fall and the plunger 20 to advance under the action of the spring 22 before the carrier has reached the point in its movement where the plunger head 21 will engage the firing pin 8 to explode the cartridge, therefore the falling of the hammer upon the withdrawal of the safety lever cannot cause a premature discharge, and at the time of the release of the hammer the action bar lug will have passed from the recess 28 and through the cam groove 15 in advance of the hammer and will be in position to return the hammer to engagement with the sear by the rearward movement of the action bar.

hen the carrier has been moved to the limit of its path of travel, the head it of the safety lever 43 will enter a depression 17 in the side of the housing, the movement being due to the spring 46. However such movement into the depression will not be sutlicicnt to return the rear end of the lever into the path of the hammer head, but the hammer will be left free to fall upon the disengagement of the sear. The engagement of the head 44: in the depression at? is not suflicient to positively lock the carrier, but only sutlicient to maintain the carrier in its closed position when the barrel and action bar have been disconnected from the housing.

To control the escape of cartridges from the magazine, two detents, a primary detent -18 mounted on the inner wall of the housing, and a secondary detent 4:9 located on the under side of the carrier are provided, both the detents being spring pressed into the path of the cartridges. The primary detent extends somewhat in advance of the secondary detent and is adapted to first engage the cartridge, which when released by the primary detent is engaged by the secondary detent. The primary detent 48 is provided with a cam shaped head 50 adapted to be engaged by a corresponding cam surface 51 on the carrier and thereby moved out of the path of the cartridge when the carrier is in its closed position. As the carrier is moved from closed position the cam surfaces 50 and 51 of the primary detent are disengaged and the said detent is spring pressed into the path of the cartridges but in advance or forward of the rim of the first cartridge in the 1naga zine. The first cartridge in the magazine is held by the secondary detent 49 until the carrier is depressed below the plane of the magazine, when the cartridge will pass, under the influence of the magazine spring, from the magazine onto the carrier in position to be elevated to the level of the barrel by the return movement of the carrier. As the first cartridge passes from the magazine, the next succeeding cartridge will be engaged and its rearward movement arrested by the primary detent 48, until the carrier is returned to closed position when the cam face 51 of the carrier will again engage the cam head 50 of the detent and move said detent from the path of the cartridge permitting the cartridge to move an additional step rearward into engagement with the secondary detent 49. The secondary detent moves with the carrier, but is depressible or movable independent of the carrier against the tension of its spring blade 52, by manual efiort, for the purpose of filling or emptying the magazine. By pressing the head of the detent upward or toward the carrier, the cartridges may be inserted in or removed from the magazine.

In addition to the several safety features before mentioned there is provided a safety lock for the trigger shown in Figs. 3 and 1. This lock comprises a reciprocating plunger 53 mounted in the trigger guard, and inclined forward and upward from the rear thereof, in such position as to be conveniently engaged and moved by the knuckle of the second finger of the operator when grasping the gun in the usual position for use, as shown in Fig. 2. The upper surface of the trigger is provided with the projection 54 adapted to enter a recess or notch 55 in the plunger 13 when the locking plunger is in unlock position, as shown in Fig. at. However when the plunger is shifted longitudinally to lock position as in Fig. 3, the recess or notch 55 will be moved out of registry with the projection 54 and said projection will engage the side of the plunger and thereby lock the trigger against movement. The plunger is also provided with two notches 56 corresponding to the different positions of adjustment of the plunger, the said notches being engaged by a spring finger 57 to maintain the plunger in its adjusted position.

The movement of the plunger is limited by a transverse pin 58 engaging in a recess 59 in the side of the plunger.

In the drawings the safety lock plunger is shown as in unlock position when at the inner limit of its stroke, and in lock posiiso tion when in its rearward position of adjustment. This is found to be the most convenient arrangement, and a slight movementof the finger of the opera tor while the gun is being held in the usual position is sufficient to shift the plunger and unlock the trigger, (see Fig. However it is obvious that by locating the recess of the plunger differently in relation to the projection o l of the trigger, or locating the projection differently in relation to the recess the operation of the safety may be reversed, and the unlock position be the outermost position of adjustment, while the inward movement of the plunger will lock the trigger.

It may sometimes happen that in excitement of rapid fire shooting the operator may hold the trigger in its operated position while he is pulling rearward on the grip or handle 9. If the action bar lug It is allowed to enter the cam groove 15 during such time the hammer would be forced rearward but the sear would not be in position to engage and hold the hammer in its set or cocked position. The failure of the hammer to engage with the sear under such circumstances would result in the hammer falling upon the disengagementof the safety lever -13 there from during the movement of the carrier to its closed position. This would result in a misfire. To prevent such occurrence the stop &1 is maintained in the path of the action bar lug 1% until the operator releases the trigger and allows the sear to return to normal position. This will be clear from Fig. 22 in which the solid lines representthe operated positions of the sear and trigger while the normal positions thereof, are indicated by dotted lines.

In its operated position the forward portion of sear 25 not only flexes the sear spring 27 but it also bears downward on the rear end of the blade 36 of the guide plate 33. This downward pressure on the blade 36 maintains the forward end of the guide plate 33 and stop e1 in their uppermost positions with the stop 41 projecting into the cam groove 15 and in the path of the action bar lug lat. By referring to Fig. 22 it will be readily seen that this position of the parts is maintained after the hammer has fallen as shown in said figure until the trigger is released and the sear returns to normal position which relieves the pressure on the rear end of the blade 36 and permits the forward end of the plate 33 and stop tl to fall under the action of the spring 37.

In Fig. 23 is shown a modification in which the guide plate 33 is dispensed with, the bottom of the carrier being formed concave as at 59. Pivoted at to the side of the carrier 7 is a stop lever 61 having thereon the shoulder 62 projecting into the path of the action bar lug lat and corresponding to the stop &1 before mentioned. At its rear extremity the stop lever 61 is offset and terminates in a plate portion 63 underlying the sear and

sear spring

25 and 27 and corresponding to the blade 30 of the guide plate 33.

tion 38 by the hammer 18 or to be depressed by the sear 25 as here before described.

Heretofore much difliculty has been experienced in forming the semicircular recess 64: at the rear of the housing which becomes the abutment of the carrier and is engaged by the concentric rear portion 65 of the carrier. In as much as the housing as usually constructed has only a small opening in each side for the reception of the transverse stud or journal pin, special tools for machining the semicircular recess 6%, which could be introduced tlirough the bottom of the housing have been necessary. Such tools have been quite expensive and the operation a difficult one. Such difficulty has been overcome in the present instance by boring the semicircular groove, making an opening in one side of the housing the radius of which is equal to or greater than the radius of said groove, said opening being concentric with the groove 6% as shown in Fig. 18. By said construction the groove 64: may be conveniently and cheaply machined. The journal pin 66 carries a head 67 which conforms to the circular opening in the side of the housing, thereby closing the opening in the housing side and affording greater bearing surface for the journal pm.

of which intersects the head of the journal pin and not only holds it in place but prevents the rotation thereof.

In order to more securely interlock the The plate portion 63 of the stop lever (31 is adapted to be engaged by the projec- .100 The journal pin is held in place and against rotation by a lock screw 68 the head breech block and the swinging carrier in their closed positions, the breech block is provided with an aperture 69 as shown in Fig. 20 opening on the under side of the breech block. The swinging carrier is provided with an upward extending projection 70 protruding beyond the top of the carrier From the above description it will be apparent that there is thus produced a fire arm or the character described. possessing the particular features of advantage before enu-' merated as desirable, but which obviously is susceptible of modification, in its form, proportions, detailed construction and arrangement of parts without departing from the principle involved or sacrificing any of its advantages.

Having thus described my invention I claim:

1. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, a reciprocating breech block afiring pin in said block, a swinging carrier, a lock action located in said carrier comprising a reciprocating spring actuated plunger brought into alinement with the firing pin when the carrier is in closed position, a sear adapted to hold the plunger in retracted position, and a spring adapted to advance the plunger when released by the sear.

2. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, a reciprocating breech block a firing pin in said block, a swinging carrier, a reciprocating plunger in said carrier, a spring tending to advance the plunger, means for holding the plunger in its retracted position and means to release the plunger, said plunger being movable into and out of alinement with the firing pin by the swinging movement of the carrier.

3. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, a reciprocating breech block, a firing pin in said block a swinging carrier, having a longitudinal bore therein a plunger reciprocating in said here, a helical spring adapted to advance the plunger into engagement with the firing pin when the carrier is in closed position, a head on said plunger, a sear adapted to engage the head and hold the plunger in retracted posit-ion, and means to disengage the sear.

4. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including a hammer, a reciprocating action bar, a stop movable into and out of the path of the action bar to limit the movement thereof, means whereby the hammer will automatically move the stop into the path of the action bar upon the re traction of the hammer and means independent of the hammer for automatically withdrawing the stop fro-m the path of the action bar upon the falling of the hammer.

5. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including a hammer, a reciprocating action bar, a stop movable intoand out of the path of the action bar to limit the movement thereof, a control member extending into the path of the hammer and engaged thereby to move the stop into the path of the action bar when the hammer is in its set or cooked position, and a spring adapted to remove the stop from the path of the action bar upon the falling of the hammer.

6. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including a hammer. a reciproeating action bar, a stop movable into and out of the path of the action bar to limi the movement ther of, a pivoted lever on which the stop is carried adapted to be oscillated by the hammer as the hammer moves to its retracted position, thereby moving the stop into the path of the action bar,

said stop being adapted to be moved from the path of the action bar when said pivoted lever has been released by the advance movement of the hammer.

7. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including a hammer, a reciprocating action bar, a concave plate adjustably supported on the bottom of the carrier forming a. cartridge guide to the magazine chamber, a stop carried on said plate and adapted to be moved into and out of the path of the action bar, by the movement of the plate, means to move said plate by the movement of the hammer.

8. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including a hammer, a reciprocating action bar, a stop movable into and out of the path of the action bar to limit the movement thereof, a cartridge guide located'on the under side of the carrier, means whereby the movement of the hammer to cocked position will oscillate the guide to move the stop into the path of the action bar.

9. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, a firing mechanism including a hammer, means for resetting the hammer, a sear adapted to engage the hammer to maintain it in its retracted position, means for compelling an additional retraction movement of the hammer beyond the point of engagement with the sear, to insure the engagement of the sear therewith, substantially as specified.

10. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including a hammer, a reciprocating action bar, a stop movable into and out of the path of the action bar, to limit the movement thereof, a movable supporton which the said stop is carried projecting into the path of the hammer as it moves to cocked position and adapted to be engaged thereby and operated to move the stop into the path of the action bar.

11. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including a trigger, a reciprocating action bar, stop movable into and out of the path of the action bar to limit the movement thereof, means to move said stop out of the path of the action bar at a predetermined point in the sequence of operations and means for maintaining the stop in the path of the action bar while the trigger is in operated position whereby said action bar will not be released prior to the release of the trigger, substantially as specified.

12. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including a hammer, a recipro eating action bar, a stock movable into and cut of the path of the action bar to limit the movement thereof, a spring normally tending to move said stop out of the path of the action bar and means whereby the hammer will move the step into the path of the action bar against the tension of said spring.

13. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including a hammer, a swinging carrier in which the hammer is mount ed, a reciprocating action bar, a stop lever pivotally supported upon the carrier, the hammer being adapted to engage the rear arm' of the stop lever as the hammer is moved to cocked position and thereby oscillate said lever to elevate the forward end of the stop lever into the path of the action bar, substantially as specified.

It. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism, a reciprocating action bar, a stop adapted to limit the movement of the action bar, a movable support on which the stop is carried, a portion of which is capable of being flexed, the stop being adapted to be manually withdrawn from the path of the action bar by the flexing of the flexible portion of the support.

15. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including a hammer, a recipro eating action bar, a stop adapted to limit the movement of the action bar, a pivoted support on which the stop is carried and by the oscillation of which it is movable in to and out of the path of the action bar, one arm of said pivoted support projecting into the path of the hammer and adapted to be oscillated thereby as the hammer approaches its cocked position to move the stop into the path of the action bar, one of the arms of the pivoted support being flexible whereby the stop may be withdrawn from the path of the action bar by the flexing of said arm independent of the falling of the hammer.

16. In a tire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism, a reciprocating action bar, a

stop adapted to limit the movement of the action bar, means controlled by the trigger adapted to maintain the stop in the path of the action bar while the trigger is maintained in operated position.

17. In a tire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including a hammer and a sear adapted to engage the hammer, a reciprocating action bar, a support for said stop extending into the path of said sear whereby the sear when in operated position will maintain the stop in the path of the action bar.

18. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism, a hammer and a sear adapted to engage the hammer, a reciprocating action bar, a stop adapted to limit the movement of the action bar, and means whereby the sear when in operated position will maintain the stop in the path of the action bar.

19. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including a trigger, a reciprocating action bar, a pivoted lever one arm of which may be projected into the path of the action bar and thereby adapted to limit the movement of the action bar, the other arm of which projects into the path of the trigger by which it is capable of being oscillated whereby the trigger while in operated position will maintain the stop arm inthe path of the action bar.

20. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism, a swinging carrier, a cam groove therein, a reciprocating action bar engaged in said cam groove to oscillate the swinging carrier, a hammer mounted in the carrier having a portion thereof projecting into the path of the action bar, and adapted to be engaged thereby, an extension of said cam groove through which the action bar is compelled to travel before being disengaged from the hammer, whereby the hammer will be given an additional movement beyond its normal cooked position.

21. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism, a swinging carrier, a reciprocating action bar, a reciprocating hammer mounted in the carrier adapted to be engaged and retracted by the rearward movement of the action bar.

In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism, a swinging carrier, a reciprocating action bar, a reciprocating hammer mounted in the carrier moving in a path angular to that of the action bar, a portion of the hammer projecting into the path of the action bar when in its advanced position but moved therefrom by its retrograde movement.

23. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism, a swinging carrier a cam groove in said carrier, a reciprocating action bar engaging the cam groove, a movable member forming an extension of the cam groove compelling a predetermined movement of the action bar when moving in one direction, but yielding to permit the passage of the action bar on its movement in the opposite direction.

In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism, a swinging carrier a cam groove in said carrier, a reciprocating action bar engaging the cam groove, a movable section in the wall of said cam groove maintaining the action bar in a predetermined path of travel when moving in one direction, but permitting the return of the action bar through a different path of travel.

25. In a fire arm, a stock, a'barrel, firing mechanism, a swinging carrier, a cam groove in said carrier terminating in a recess, a movable member adapted when in one position to form. a continuation of the wall of the cam groove,-and when moved to opposite position to form a continuation of the wall of the recess. 7

26. In a fire arm, \a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism, a swinging carrier, a cam groove in said carrier terminating in arecess, a

movable member adapted when in one posishifted to register with the wall, of said recess, and a spring against the tension of which the member is moved.

:27. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism, a swinging carrier, a cam groove in said carrier terminating in a re cess, a movable member adapted when in one position to register with the cam groove and form a continuation thereof, and when shifted to register with the wall of said recess, a rock shaft upon which said member is carried, a portion of said shaft being flattened, and a spring'bearing on the fiattened portion of the shaft tending to return the shaft and movable member to predetermined position when moved therefrom.

28. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, aswinging carrier, firing mechanism including a hammer mounted in the swinging carrier, a sear adapted to hold-the hammer in retracted position, a safety stop also mounted in the swinging carrier projecting into the path of the hammer when the carrier is moved from closed position and adapted to arrest the movement of the hammer if disengaged from the sear prior to the return of the carrier to closed position and means to automatically withdraw the stop from the path of the hammer as the carrier approaches closed position.

29. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, a swinging carrier, a hammer mounted in the swinging carrier, a stop member movable into and out of the path of the hammer adapted to arrest the movement thereof when disengaged from the sear, a spring tending to move said stop in one direction, a cam member tending to move said stop in the opposite direction, said cam and stop being brought into operative engagement by the swinging movement of the carrier,

substantially as specified.

30. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, a swinging carrier, a hammer in said carrier, a safety stop adapted to prevent the falling of the hammer also in said carrier, said stop being spring pressed into the path of the hammer when the carrier is moved from closed position, and a cam adapted to withdraw the stop against the tension of the spring upon the movement of the carrier to closed position.

31. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, a swinging carrier, a hammer in the carrier, a stop lever in said carrier normally tending to move into the path of the hammer to arrest the movement thereof, a cam surface on the frame of the arm engaged by the stop lever as the carrier approaches its closed position adapted to withdraw the stop lever from the path of the hammer.

32. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, a

swinging carrier, 'a reciprocating hammer mounted to reciprocate in the carrier, a detent automatically moved into and out of engaging position upon the movement of the swinging carrier from and to closed position, said detent being adapted to arrest the reciprocation of the reciprocating hammer when the carrier is away from firing position.

33. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including a trigger, a reciprocatory lock member for said trigger movable in a forward and aft direction, said lock member being movable toward the trigger to release the trigger and away therefrom to lock the trigger, the said lock member when in looking position protruding rearward from said trigger in position to be engaged by the second finger of the hand of the operator when grasping the arm in the usual position of use with the first finger engaging the trigger, the locking member being movable toward the trigger to release same by the action of the said second finger, substantially as specified.

34. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, a housing connecting the stock and barrel, a swinging carrier in the housing a transverse groove in the rear wall of the housing forming an abutment for the swinging carrier, the side wall of the housing having an opening therein coincident with said groove through which the said groove may be machined, a journaled pin for the carrier, a head carried on said journal pin forming a closure for the opening in the side wall of the housing, and means for securing the journal pin in place.

35. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, a housing, a movable carrier in said housing, a reciprocating plunger in said carrier, means for holding the plunger in its retracted position, and means for advancing the plunger to cause the explosion of the cartridge when released from its retracted position, substantially as specified.

36. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, a housing connecting the stock and barrel, a swinging carrier in the housing a transverse groove in the rear wall of the housing forming an abutment for the swinging carrier, the said groove being formed by boring a hole through the side wall of the housing in such position as to intersect the rear wall thereof.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 13th day of February CHARLES A. YOUNG. Witnesses:

NELLE M. JOHNSON, ALFRED MOGRAY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of latents, Washington, D. C.