US1028623A - Air drill-socket. - Google Patents

Description

R. J. SMITH. AIR DRILL SOCKET. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 27, 1907.

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J. swim, or YONKEBS, NEW YORK, nssrcnon To one nnnvn'ron content, or JERSEY crrnnnw :rnnsnr, n conrona'rron on NEW mnsnr.

Application filed September 27, 1907. Serial No. 394,849,

To all whom it may concern;-

Be it known that I, ROBERT J. SMITHL51 citizen of the United States, residing in Yonkers, in the county of WVestchester and State of New York, have'invented a new and useful Improvement .in Air Drill- Sockets, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to air-drill-sockets, and one of its objects is the provision of an improved form' of construction in which air or other fluid is conveyed through the socket and to the point of the drill for the purpose of blowing out the chips formed by the drill andalso keeping down the temperature of the drill.

The invention further aims to provide a construction in which the friction between the stationary andmoving' parts of the airdrill-socket is reduced to a minimum, in which frequent lubrication-is unnecessary, and in which excessive leakage of air, and excessive heating are avoided.

A still further object of the invention is the provision of a construction inwhich the air or other fluid is supplied to opposite sides of the drill simultaneously in order to avoid a one-sided pressure on the drill and the consequent friction and binding.

Other objects of the inventionfwill appear more fully hereinafter, the novel combinations of elements being pointed out in the appended claims. Referring to the drawings in which is illustrated a preferred embodiment of my invention, Figure 1 is an elevation partly in section of the air-drill-socket and drill; Fig.

' 2'is a section on the line II,II.of Fig. -1;

. Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of-zFig. 1; and 40 ,Fig. 4 is a fragmentary'view of' the drillsocket.

In the operation of drillsnow in common 'use, great difliculty is experienced on account of the drill becoming quickly clogged 45 v -"vvith the chips or cuttings which necessitates the frequent withdrawal of the drill to clear away the cuttings. This is espe-' .-cially true in drilling holesof'considerable "depth. As the drill clogs up, its progress is retarded and the material ground up much finer, requiring an increased expenditure of energy and causing excessive heating. Attempts have beenmadetoovereome'these objections by the use of com reseed air, or

other fluid under pressure, 111 he v used for this purpose have been found to be impracticable or ineflicient on account of excessive leakage of air, and the friction of the bearings. The form-of air-drill-socketshown in the accompanying drawings is designed to overcome these objections. The

term .air-drill-socket is applied to the device in its entirety,.except the; drill, and includes latentedJune t, 1912. v

the drill-socket, roller-bearings,- case, and I the supply pipe P, these parts forming a unigary structure with which a drill may be use The drill D is of a form well-known.to those skilled in the art, and-I do not make any claim 'to the drill per 86. The drillso'cket A in its general construction is also of a wellknown form except for modifications adapting it to my invention as will fully appear hereinafter.

The drill D is received in the drill-socket A, which in turn is mounted for rotation in a non-rotating roller bearing case C, which latter is preferably made of brass but may be made of any other suitable material. The body portion2 of the drill-socket which is cylindrical in form, has itslower part out 3. The drill D extends upwardly through a tapered bore in the socket corresponding to the tapered portion of the drill.

The roller-bearing case C is cylindrical in form and has an integral top portion provided with an opening to receive and fit' loosely on the drill socket which rotates in the case C. .The case C has a removable bottom or cover 4, also preferably made of brass and secured in position by screws 5. Within the case are the roller bearings -which comprise the steel rollers 6 having hearings in 'theroller cage which comprises upper and lower rings 7 and respectively,-

and'vertical guides or spacing members ,8 I

conforming to the shape of the rollers, and preventing displacement but allowing free rotation of the rollers. Between the portion 1 of the drill-socket, and the rollers 6 is a hardened steel ring or sleeve 9 which fits tightl on the socket, and between the case C and e roller 6 is a similar-ring or sleeve 10 of hardened steel which fits tightly in the case. The rings 9 and 10 form bearmg surfaces for the inner and outer portions respectively of the bearing rollers. This construc- -7 and the top of'the case'C, and alsoextends tion permits a free, rotation of the drill and socket in the case C, and a tthe same time prevents lateral play, and also prevents binding and reduces friction to a minimum. A ring or washer 11, preferably made of vulcanized fiber, is laced between the ring under the shoulder 3. This washer is clamped between the sleeve 9 andthe socket and rotates therewith. An important function of thewasher isto prevent leakage between the top of the casing and the drill socket. Another purpose of the washer is to prevent wear of the metallic parts. The

washer being made of fiber or non-metallic substance does not out or wear the metallic parts even when no Oll is present. The washers are inexpensive and when worn can readily'be replaced by new ones. A similar and that only at long intervals. 1

An oil hole 13 extending through the top of the casing provides I a means .for lubricating the bearings.- This oil hole maybe closed by a small screw 14 to prevent the entrance of dust and dirt, and also to pre-- vent leakage of air.

The means for supplying the drill point with compressed air will now be described.

The drill D is provided inits periphery with a spiral groove of grooves 15 which ex tend from the drill point to a 'point near the shank of the drill Lateral openings 16 extend inwardly from the surface of the drill shank, and these openings 16- communicate with the grooves 15 through passageways or openings 17 extending be ween the v openings 16 and grooves 15. tubes 18 Tthedr -w air from any suitable source" are placed in..the grooves15 and extend from the drill pomt into the passageway 17. The grooves 15'arerpreferably set deep I enough in the drill'and surround the tubes 18 forv a suflicient distance to preventlateral' displacement of the tubes, and also to retain the tube completely within I Compressed is supplied through apipe 20 (Fig. 3) to a rectangularly branched pipe P communieating with the drill through opposite sides of the bottom 4 of the casing; The pipe? comprises elbow joints a, b, c, d, T-joint21, connecting the supply-pipe 20 with the pipe P, joints 22 between the 'T-joint 21 and the 'joints a, 6, joints 23 provided with right and left handed'screw threads for connecting the two sides'of the pipe P through shortsections24, and. short sections or nipples 25. 5- The nipples 25' re provided with screw the periphery of to the pipe P. There is therefore no need.

threads on their inner sides to fit correspondingly threaded openings 26 in the bottom 4 of the case C. ,In the central opening in the cover 4 which receives the drill socket A, is an annular groove 27 surrounding said socket. Air passages 28 extend from the groove 27 to the opening 26. The drill socket is provided with openings 29 which communicate with the groove 27 and the openings 16. The inner surface of the drill socket is preferably provided with an annular groove or recess 30 connecting the openings 29. This groove is for the purpose of providing-an air passage between the opening 29 and 16 in case said openin 's are not in line when the drill is in position in the socket. The drill socket which fits closely in the cover 4, forms with the groove 27 openings 28 and 29 for all positions of the drill socket. Itwill thus be seen that when the drill is in operation there is a constant an air-passage which connects the stream of air at the drill point-so long as air is supplied .to the pipe 20;

It will be observed that the only parts that have relative movement and between which the airmight escape, are the drill socket and the cover 4. As these parts have large bearing surfaces, and the construction admits of a close fit between them, there will belittle leakage of air at this place, and this leakage is further reduced by the fiber washers preventing thei escape of air in an upward dII'GCtlOII'thIOITgh the case C. As

other joints in the air passages may readily be made air tight it follows that the air will be directed with little loss to the point where it can be utilized, even when it is supplied under considerable pressure. An important feature of my invention is the arrangement of the pipes to supply air at opposite sides of the drill, thus equalizing the lateral pressure of the air on the drill and preventing the friction and bindingincident to a one-sided pressure.

With the construction shown the friction between the rotating drill socket and the relatively stationary case C is so slightthat there is little tendency for the case to rotate and such rotation is ordinarilyprevented by the flexible supply tube which is connected the washer 11 is so'that the said-washer will also rotate with the socketrhand the sleeve 9. The roller bearing'cag'e' and-"bearings may then be placed in position-overthe sleeve19. The-case'C wlth the sleeve 10;.which forced-into position thereimisbro iight down over the top of the I .dri11j -s ckt into position over the roller bearmgs, and the cover 4 may then be secured in place.

In operation a constant stream of air is supplied atthe point of the drill sufficient to blow out all the cuttings and prevent clogging at the same timekeeping the drill cool.

' As a practical result, a number of drills may be used in one machine for drilling a number of holes in a casting at once, as the drills are each kept free and cool and will operate without binding or clogging during the engiretrliirilling of a set of holes of any required Although I have referred to the device as an air-drill-socket and have described its use in connection with compressed air, it is to be thereby prevent rotation.

understood that oil inay be used and sometimes is used in place of air, also that water or any other suitable fluid might be used.

However, my improvement is particularly I adapted to the use of drills when compressed the friction reduced to a minimum bythe, roller bearings, and what' little lubricant is used on such roller bearings is not blown out by the compressed air, by reason of the air tight connections.

If desired, the shoulder 3 may be the'under side of a collar or ring fastened to the socket 1. 01': such a ring may be fastened to the socket 1 of uniform diameter throughout, the washer 11 placed above the same, and the upper horizontal portion of the casmg C allowed to rest on the washer. I may also omit the inner'andouter sleeves 9 and [10 and harden the socket 1 and casing C 'to withstand the wear. In some instances, however, it may be more economical to employ a socket 1 and casing C of comparatively soft metal and have the sleeves 9 and 10 of sufliciently hard metal to withstand the Wear of the roller bearings. Furthermore, I may substitute for the roller bearings one or two sets of ball-bearings which may also act as thrust-bearings. ,Also, .if

desired, the air may be admitted at other points than those shown, but, in any event, the admission of the air should be such that it will not cause any binding of the socket within the'cover 4.- In other words, it is important that the air be admitted at opposite sides to reduce friction of the socket 1 with- V inthe parts with which it comes in contact. Whateverthe arrangement as to details, it is evident that the roller bearings and its casing supported by the washer '11 will move up and down with the drill, and the drill socket only will rotate with minimum friction while compressed air is being supplied with equal pressure on opposite sides of the drill, and thence transferred to the drill point, so that holes of considerable depth may be drilled in all kinds of material.

I have shown and described a practical embodiment of my invention, butI do not wish to be limited to the exact form of construction shown, as various changes in details and arrangements of parts might be made within the spirit and scope of the inventionas defined in the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is I I. In an air-drill-socket, the combination with a drill socket formed with its lower end of reduced diameter, of a bearing sleeve surrounding the reduced portion, a roller cage and bearing rollers therein surrounding 'said sleeve, a second bearing sleeve surrounding the rollers, a case inclosing the rollers and having its top loosely fitting 'around the portion of the socket of larger diameter, a washer between said top and the rollers and extending across the line of con- 7 v tact between saidtop' and socket, and a second washer between the bottom of the case andthe bearing sleeve. 1

2. In an air-drill-socket, .thebombination with a drill socket, of a stationary member surrounding the socket, one of said parts being formed with a recess surrounding the.

socket, and the socket being formed with an opening extending therethrough from said recess, air passages on opposite sides of the socket leading from the recess to the outer surface of said member, and pipes connecting said passages to a source of ,air supply. 3. In an air-drill-socket, the combination with a drill-socket formedwith an annular shoulder, of a case in which the socket is rotatably mountedand having an inner surface flush with said shoulder, said parts be- "ing formed with an air passage there through, and a non-metallic ring or washer extending across the joint between the I socket and case.

. 4.-In an air-drill-socket, the combination with a drill-socket formed with one portion of reduced diameter, of a stationary member in which the socket is mounted for rotation, and a non-metallic substantially flat washer surrounding the reduced portion of the socket and extending across the joint between the socket and the stationary member, said socket and .member being formed with communicating 'air passages extending therethrough.

. .B'ssi" Avian-tans 5. In an air-drill-s'ocket, the combination of adrill-socket, and a member in whichthe drill-socket is mounted for rotation, said member being provided with a number of passages for'supplying'compressed air tothe drill socket, said passages being so, di's-posed that the' distances betweenlsaidpassages as measured around the circumference'of the drill socket are substantially equal.

-. 6. In an air -drillssocket, the combination with a drill-socket, of a member in which the drill-socket is mounted for rotation, and

means for supplying compressed air 'throu h V said member to opposite sides of the dr1ll' 15 the socket, and said, socket being formed with an opening therethrough.

the socket, openings through the bearing 30 member to said groove .at oppositesides of the socket, and openings extending from the groove to the interior of the socket, and means for connecting the openings 1n the bearing member to a source of; compressed air supply. 1 Q 35 In testimony whereof, I have signed my? name to this specification in the presence of twoflsubscribing witnesses. 4

' 1 .ROBERT J SMITH. Witnesses: a y

Ammo G. Bremen;

CHAs. M. NISSEN. I

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