US1028410A - Blowpipe. - Google Patents

Description

J. W. WHITFORD.

BLOWPIPE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 31, 1912.

Patented Jun 4, 1912.

BLowrIrE.

Specification of 1'.etters Patent.

Original application filed March 4, 1911, Serial No. 612,189. Divided and-this application filed January 31, 1912. Serial No. 674,496. j

3 FORD, a citizen of To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN WALTER WHIT- the United States, and resident of 23 East street, Pontiac, county of Kent, and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improve-.

ments in Blowpipes,

of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to apparatus for cutting metals by means of a jet of oxygen accompanied by a jet or jets of combustible mixture affording a heating flame or flames for bringing the metal to a temperature at which-it is acted upon by the oxidizing jet to efl ect a rapid cut-ting or puncturing. The success of cutting operations performed with such apparatus depends directly on the maintenance of exact proportions between the combustible and combustion-supporting gases forming the heating jet, and -on varying the heating and cutting jets appropriately for different-kinds or grades of'work. The size of the jets and the quantities of gases consumed depend on the sizes of the passages and the pressures available or ex pe ient; and therefore it has been deter- .ta-in kind or grade of work;

mined that for work of diflerent kinds jet orifices or passages of different sizes should be employed. Furthermore, a change in the size of the heating jet orifice or passage should be accompanied by a change in the provisions or structures for effecting mixing of the gaseous constituents, with a view to preserving the fixed ascertained ratio between the constituents and securing the proper velocity for the jet. To secure these results complete separate apparatuses may be provided, each adapted to perform a ceri or a plurality of interchangeable part-s containing jet passages and orifices and mixing provisions may be provided for use with a common body or for different of convenience in using I the necessity of handling a considerable num her of parts. in assembling or disassembling the apparatus, it is very desirable to avoid Patented June a, 1912.

and iii changing or adjusting the apparatus kinds of work. The various kinds of cuttting apparatus heretofore devised have been defective inone or, more of these particulars. i It is the object of this invention-to provide an apparatus of the fewest parts and of maximum convenience and reliability.

The apparatus comprises a head or suitable support or body part, and a; unitary re-. movable and replaceable tip socketed into the head. This unitary tip has in it both a heating jet passage, or passages, and a cutting jet passage, with delivery orifices at the front end of the tip. The cutting jet passage has an inlet at the rear end of the unitarytip, and the heating jet passage has separate inlets at the rear end of. the tip for the two kinds of gases to form'the heating mixture. The head is provided with three separate .conduits for the gas for cutting and the combustible and combustion-supporting gases, these conduits communicating with the three kinds of inlets in the unitary gasmixing and jet-delivering tip.- The heating and cutting jet passages with their delivery orifices-and the inlets are all properly proportioned in each tip, and are all changed with each exchange of tips. A series of tips differently proportioned as to their parts for difierent kinds of work are preferably provided for each head. Furthermore, the tip and head are provided at their socketed joint with cooperating sealing seats which prevent all improper, mixing of the gases due to leakage as well as loss of the gases into the atmosphere. Thus there is only one tight joint to be effected at each change. In eflect these seats aflord seals between the several gases and bet-ween the gases and the, atmosphere at the joint, and these seals.are preferably conical, having the same generatrix, or of other form so that all of the seals must be effected simultaneously and of equal f tightness. The seals, when conical in form, are of'a conicity greater than the critical angle of sticking, so that the tip cannot be jammed in the head no matter how hard the head and tip maybe forced together by a screw union or other holdingmeans.

The gases preferably employed are oxygen for the cutting et, and oxygen and acetylene for the heating jet.

In the accompanying drawings illustrating the invention: Figure 1 is a side elevation of one form of hand torch in which the invention may be embodied; Fig. 2 is a lon; gitudinal section through the head and unitary tip, in a planeat right angles to that of Fig. 4; Fig. 3. is an enlarged cross-section through the rear conical part of the tip, looking toward. the rear extremity thereof, certain annular channels and inlet passages being indicated by dotted lines; and Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal section through the head and tip.

. While the invention is shown embodied in a hand'torch, it will be understood that this is by way of illustration only and that the structure is equally applicable to mechanically supported, guided or operated cutting apparatus.

The head 10 may be of any suitable form. It is here shown of a simple construction suitable for hand torches, but it may be of a form suitable for mechanical or automatic7 apparatus. It is preferably a simple casting, and contains three separate gas conduits 11, 12 and 13, for oxygen for cutting, oxygen for the heating. jet and acety lene for the heating jet, respectively. These conduits are continuations of conduits or pipes, 14, 15 and 16, which with the casing 17' constitute a suitable handle for the torch. Suitable valves 18, 18 and 19 control these supply conduits, which in operation are con-.'

nected with sources of gas supply by flexible tubing The sources of gas supply for the three conduits are preferably all dis- I tice.

tinct, and the gases will be delivered under. appropriate pressures.

20 is the unitary tip, the passages, inlets and discharge orifices necessary to the delivery of the heating and cutting jets and to the formation of the heating mixture, constituting a single member which is applied to and removed from the head as a unit. It has a longitudinal heating jet passage 21 and a longitudinal cutting jet passage 22, terminating at" the forward end of the tip in delivery orifices 23 and 24, spaced laterally from each other at an'appropriate distance, and preferably though not necessarily in parallel relation.

The cutting jet orifice is preferably in a orifice, in accordance with established prac- The cutting jet .passage 22 has an inlet 22* in the rear portion of the unitary tip communicating with the conduit 11 in the head. The heating jet passage 21 has two kinds of inlets in the rear part of the unitary tip, there being separate inlets for the two kinds of gases to form the combustible mixture. The arrangement of the v tip head on the other, I be no leakage of the gases which contains all inlets or inlet passages maybe varied as desired. A desirable arrangement is illustrated, in which there is an oxygen inlet 25 opening through the rear extremity of the in alinement with the passage 21, and lateral inlets or passages 26 for acetylene, opening through the side of the rear portion of the tip and delivering into the passage 21 beyond the inlet 25. There may be any suitable number of acetylene inlets, four being indicated in Fig. 3; and they may be inclined to the passage 21. The inlet 25 communicates with the conduit 12 in the head, and the inlets 26 with the conduit 13. The several passages, orifices and inlets in each tip will be proportioned in accordance with the principles known in the art and the particular result desired to be obtained.

The head 10 is socketed for the reception of the tip 20 and this socket and the rear portion of the tip which enters it are formed with smooth sealing seats or surfaces pre venting all improper mixing of the gases by leakage or escape thereof into the atmosphere. Thus, it will be seen that in changing the cutting and heating jets for different kinds 'of work it is necessary to effect only one gas-tight joint. Preferably this joint is a conical one, the conicity being such that the tip cannot become immovably jammed in the head, irrespective of the degree of pressure applied by the separate screw coupling 27 or other suitable uniting means. The lateral inlets 22 and '26 open through the conical sealing portion of the tip, and ample areas of the sealing surfaces on the head and tip are afforded between these inlets and between them and the inlet 25 on the one hand and the front end of the to insure that there can either into the atmosphere or so as to mingle with each other before entering .the tip. Preferably annular channels 28 and 29 are formed in the conical sealing surface of the tip, for the pur-- pose of establishing communication at all times between the inlets 22 and 26 and their supply conduits Hand 13. h

, The unitary tip 20 may be of one piece,- but I have illustrated a delivery nozzle 30 for the cutting jet formed of a separate piece from the main body of thetip and secured thereto, as by. screw-threads, so 'asfto form a part thereof. This is desirable because the projecting cutting jet nozzle may become burned or otherwise damaged, in which case it may be renewed without discarding the whole tip.

The manner of cutting metals by means of. heating and cutting jets is well understood and need not be discussed here.

While I have illustrated and described one embodiment of my invention with considerable particularity, it will be understood, that numerous changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the my application filed March removable and replaceable invention.

This invention constitutes a division of 4, 1911,Serial No. 612,189, for welding and cutting apparatus, which covers certain features applicable to both welding and cutting apparatus and the specific claims of which are limited to welding apparatus. a

What I claim as new is:

1. Apparatus for cutting metals by means of gases, comprising a socketed head and a tip having a readily separable conical sealing joint, and

means for holding them together, said head having three separate conduits opening into its socket for gases to form a combustible mixture and oxygen for cutting, respecsage having separate tlvely, and said tip having heating jet and cutting jet passages,

inlets communicating with two of the conduits in the head and said cutting jet ,passage. having an inlet communicating withthe third conduit, two kinds of these inlets opening through the conical portion of the tip which with the conical surface of the socket affords gastight seals preventing leakage of the three kinds of gases.

2. Apparatus for cutting metals by means of gases, comprising a socketed head and a removable and replaceable tipyhaving a readily separable conical sealing'joint, and

I means for holding them together, said head opening through the tip which with the conical surface of the having three separate conduits opening into its socket for gases to form a combustible mixture and oxygen for cutting, respec tively, and said tip having heating jet and cutting'jet passages, said heating jet passage having separate inlets communicating with two of the conduits in'the head and said cutting jet passage having an inlet communicating with the third conduit, one inlet opening through the rear extremity of the tip and the other two kinds of these inlets conical portion of the socket affords gas-tight seals preventing leakage of the,three kinds of gases.

3. Apparatus of gases, comprising a socketed headand a unitary removable and replaceable tip, said head having three separate conduits for gases to form a combustible mixture and oxygen for cutting, respectively, and said unitary tip being'provided therein with a cutting jet passage having a delivery orificeat the forward part of the. tip and communicating at therear part of the tip with the corresponding conduit in the head and with a heating jet passage having a delivery orifice at the forward part of the tip and separate inlets in the rear part of the unitary tip communicating with the corresponding conduits in the head, the head and said heating jet pas-- arate conduits for the two kinds of gases for combustion communicating respectively with the two kinds of inlets, said head being provided also with a conduit for supplying gaseous fluid to said independent longitudinal passage, said tip and head being provided with similar external and internal conical seats for sealing, there being separate annular passages formed between said conical seats for placing said independent longitudinal passage and one kind of said inlets, respectively, in communication with their conduits in the head.

5. In a device of the character described, a tip having a longitudinal mixing passage with a discharge orifice and a longitudinal inlet and lateral inlets for leading different kinds. of gases to said passage, said tip being provided also with an independent longitudinal passage discharging at the forward part of the tip, and a socketedhead provided with separate conduits for the two kinds of gases for combustion opening, respectively, through therear and side of said socket and communicating with said lateral and longitudinal inlets, said head being provided with another side conduit for supplying gaseous fluid to said independent longitudinal passage, said tip and head being provided with similar externaland internal conical seats for sealing, there being sepafor cutting metals by means rate annular passages formed between said conical seats for placing said independent longitudinal passage and the lateral inlets, respectively, in communication with their conduits in the head.

6. A device of the character described, comprising a head and aremovable and re placeabletip carried and supplied thereby, said head and the rear part of the tip having cooperating sealing surfaces formed thereon, said tip being provided with a mixing passage, a discharge orifice therefor at the forward part of the tip and inlets to the mixing'passage for the two kinds of gases to be mixed leading from said rear part of the tip, said tip having also therein a longitudinal passage which is independent of said mixing passage and has its inlet at said rear part of the t'p and its'outlet at the forward part of the tip, and said head being pro vided with three separate conduits which communicate, respectively, with the two kinds of inlets to the mixing passage and the communicate with the said inlets and, also between the gases and the atmosphere.

7. A device of the character described,

comprising a head and a removable and replaceable tip carried and suppliedthereby, said head and the rear part of the tip having cooperating sealing surfaces formed thereon,

said tip being provided with a mixing passage, a discharge orifice therefor at the forward part of the tip and inlets to the mixing passage for the two kinds of gases to be mixed leading from said v,rear art of the tip, said tip having also thereln a longitudinal passage which is said mixing passage and has its inlet at said rear part of the tip and its outlet at the forward part of the tip, and said head being provided with three separate conduits which communicate, respectively, kinds of inlets to the mixing passage and the inlet to said independent passage, said sealing surfaces having spaced annular independent of with the two communication-establishing grooves formed therein, and portions of the said surfaces at opposite sides ofthe grooves constituting seals between .the 'diiferent kinds of gases and between the gases and the atmosphere..-

- 8. A device of the character described,

comprising a head and a removable and re-.

placeable tip having a mixing passage with an outlet at the-forward part of the tip and inlets at the rear part of the tip for the two kinds of gases to be mixed, said tip having.

also a longitudinal passage independent of the mixing passage having an inlet at the rear part of the tip and discharging at the forward part-thereof, the head being provided with three conduits for supplying the inlets to-the mixing passage and said ln'dependent passage.

In witness whereof I have signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN WALTER WHITFORD.

Witnesses: v p

CARL A. PEARSON, JoHn A. PEARSON.

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