US1028345A - Oil-burner. - Google Patents

Description

P lllilg APPLICATION FILED 0CT.10,1910.

L. FETTY.

OIL BURNER.

Patented June 4, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

ATTORNEY WITNESSES L. FETTY.

OIL BURNER. APPLICATION FILED 0GT.10, 191() VPatented June 4, 1912.

"UNTED TATE ,FATEN'F FFMF@ LEON FETTY, 0F HUTCHINSON, KANSAS.

OIL-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J' une et, 1912.

Application filed OctoberI 10, 1910. Serial No. 586,355.

ments in oil burners, and is designed to pro- 1 vide a burner structure which may be used with refined or crude oil or other hydro` carbon fluid capable of being burned.

The present invention is applicable to either cooking or heating stoves, and 1n .other relations, the burner for a cooking stove differing from the burner for a heat-` ing stove simply in the shape or in the shape and size of the body.

rlhe present invention is designed for the use of both hydro-carbon iiuid, or, as it will hereinafter be termed, oil, and water in the form of steam, and provision is made for taking care of excess oil or steam or both without interfering with the perfection of the flame and without the production of soot due to incomplete combustion.

Provision is made by the present invention for the comparatively slow movement of the liquid to be converted yinto gas or vapor over hotsurfaces, so that the gasification or vaporization will be very complete and the oil gas and steam are thoroughly intermixed, thus contributing very materially to the perfection of combustion.

The invention will be best understood from a consideration of the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanyingl drawings forming a part of this specification, with the understanding, however, that while the showing of the drawings is of a practical structure capable of carrying out the'purposes of the present invention to a high degree, various changes may be made in such structure, in the proportions and arrangements of parts, and even to the omission of some parts without departing from the salient features of the invention, wherefore the invention is not confined to the exact showing of the drawings or a structure in strict accordance with the specific description to follow.

In the drawings Figure l is a perspect-ive view of the improved oil burner. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same on the line 2 2 of Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a cross section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. t

is a plan view of the oil evaporating and mixing chamber. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the evaporating chamber for water. Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6 6 of Fig. 5.

Referring to the drawings, there is shown a burner structure comprising three members A, B, C, which, when the burner is assembled and is in position for use, are in superposed order.

The member A, which is the lowerinost of the three members when the structure is in `operative position in a stove, is the chamber in which the oil to be burned is introduced. The member B, which in operation constitutes a cover member for the member A, is in part nested in the member A, while the member C constitutes a cover member for the member B. There are, therefore, two superposed chambers formed, in one of which the oil is evaporated and in the other of which the water used is converted intol steam, and from thence passes to the first named chamber to become intimately mixed with the oil gas and the mixture thus formed escapes from the lower chamber to be burned at the points of escape, and it is found in practice that the elements of the mixture sufficiently approach the proper proportions to burn without the production of soot. Y

The member A comprises a bottom l with marginal walls uprising from the bottom and in the particular showing of the drawings, expanding therefrom at a moderate angle. The side walls are continued below the bottom member, as indicated at 3, to constitute a supporting ledge or flange for the member A. At the central portion of the member A the bottom l rises in the form of a hollow cone A which may be practically 'smooth on the under face, while the upper face is formed with concentric spaced ribs 5 defining channels G between them, and at the center of the top of the cone on the uppei' face thereof there is a circumscribed plateau 7 from which rise spaced studs 8 deining channels 8a between them. The central conical bottom portion A has an axial bore or depression 9 at the top continued in the form of a hole 10 of less diameter extending through the corresponding portion of the cone A, and this hole or passage 10 is threaded for the reception of the threaded end of a screw 11 serving to bind the several members A, B and C together.

At one side of the conical bottom portion 4 there is a passage 12 through the bottom 1 and surrounding this passage is a circular wall 13 extending to aboutl the level of the top of the wall 2. The wall 13 is connected to the plateau 7 by a division web 14. The ribs 5 while generally concentric one with the other, are broken at certain points by passages 15, so that the channels 6 are connected together in such manner as to form a tortuous gutter or open duct and material coming from the central bore 9 through the channels Sa upon the plateau 7 will enter the highest of the channels 6 defined between the highest of the ribs 5 and the plateau 7. The continuity of this highest channel is broken by a passageway 15 close to the web 14, whence the material passes into the next channel 6 in order and escapes to the next channel through a passageway 15 close to the wall 13, but on the other side of the web 14. The fluid thence passes to other channels and finally escapes through passages 15 on opposite sides of the wall 13. The fluid coming from the bo-re 9 must, therefore, travel through a tortuous path before it finally reaches the lowermost portion of the bottom of the member A. The ribs 5 may be comparatively high so that the channels formed thereby may be correspondingly deep to retain a commensurate quantity of `the oil fiowing through them, and the capacity of the burner may thereby be correspondingly enlarged. The outermost web 5 is joined at its nearest approach to the surrounding wall 2 on the member A by a web 16.

On opposite sides of the passageway 12 there are smaller passages 17 formed through the bottom 1, and thesepassages are surrounded on the outer face of the bottom 1 by annular bosses 13 constituting depth gages for determining the amount of unevaporated oil which may at any time accumulate in the bottom 1 without overflowing these bosses, and when the amount of oil exceeds a predetermined depth it will escape through the passages 17 into any suitable receptacle below them. That portion of the wall of the conical elevation 4between the highest point thereof and the opening 12 is thickened, as indicated at 19, and the threaded passage 10 extends through such thickened portion. There is also formed through this thickened portion another threaded passage 20 opening into the bottom of the bore 9 at one side thereof, and at an angle to the length thereof, this passage 20 receiving one end of a pipe 21 which is extended below the flange 3 and may there receive an elbow 22 to which is secured a pipe 23 coming from any suitable source of oil supply.

The studs S have their opposite sides inwardly curved, and at their outer ends are formed with depressed shoulders 24.

For an appropriate distance the wall 2 of the member A is provided with deep spaced recesses 25 and-preferably the series of recesses is continued along one long wall and partially along the end walls of the form of burner illustrated in the drawings, this burner being particularlyadapted for cooking stoves, whilefor heating stoves an appropriately shaped burner may be used, and the number and disposition of these recesses will depend upon the particular shape of the burner. At appropriate points on the inner face of the wall 2 supporting lugs 26 are formed, and a connecting member 27 between the wall 13 and the adjacent portion of the wall 2 serves as another supporting member, so that in the structure shown in the drawings and best illustrated in Fig. 4, the supporting members 26 and 27 are three in number and about equi-distantly distributed.

The member B is formed with a bottom portion 28 and an upstanding slightly ilaring marginal wall 29, the bottom of the member B being of a size to fit easily with" the wall 2 of the member A and rest `u the lugs 26 and connecting member 27. pine the member A, the member B is formed with an upstanding conical bottom portion 30 centrally disposed with relation to the walls 29, and when the parts are assembled, overriding the conical portion 4 of the member A. The member B is of less depth than the member A and the conical portion 30 is shallower. Instead of forming the under face of the shallow conical portion 3G smooth as is the conical portion 4, the conical portion 30 may be stepped, and at the center there is formed a passage 31.

The member B has on the upper surface of its bottom port-ion 28 concentric ribs 32, and these ribs are arranged in order in concentric relation to a plateau 33 immediately about the passageway 31, which, however, is separated from this plateau by an upstanding annular flange 34 having its upper end at an angle. Below the lower surface of the conical portion 30 there is an annular wall 35 immediately about the passage 31, and the inner surface of this wall and the inner surface of the flange 34 are Vformed tapering in a downward direction, and the wall 35 is of such length that when the member B is seated on the member A it will rest on the shoulders 24 of the studs 8,'these studs projecting int-o the interior of the passageway 31 where defined by the lower end of the wall 35. The pair of ribs 32 immediately surrounding the plateau 33 merge at one end into a continuation 36 of the plateau leading to one side of the wall 29, and at the other' ends the ribs are spaced apart and connected with a channel 37 between the said ribs and the neXt outer pair of ribs, while still another pair of ribs are exterior and in spaced relation to the last named pair of ribs, each pair of ribs terminating at a passageway 38 leading to the next channel 37 in order in the direction of the ribs 32 before finally reaching the level 28. Extending through the plateau 33 is a passageway 39 portion of the bottom surrounded by an annular boss 40 and this passageway receives the corresponding end of a pipe 41 leading through the passage 12 to a point below the bottom flange 3 when the burner is assembled, and to this pipe is applied an ell 42 connected to a pipe 43 coming from any suitable source of water suply. iioote from the flange 34 is a curved shield 44 serving to direct water coming from the pipe 41 on to the plateau 33, so that it may flow from the latter into the concentric channels 37 surrounding it and be ultimately directed to the lower portion of the bottom of the member B.

One corner of the plateau extension 36 is cut away, as indicated at 45, and leading from this cut away portion is a small waste pipe 46 passing through the bottom 28 and extending into the passageway 12 when the parts are assembled, the receiving end of the waste pipe being substantially coincident with the upper surface of the bottom 28. Extending through the pipe 46 is a wire 47 having one end 48 formed into a hand hold, and the other end bent into a coil 49. The wire 47 is thus permanently lodged in the pipe 46, but may be freely moved lengthwise of the same, the diameter of the wire being materially less than the inner diameter of the pipe 46. rIhis forms an ever ready means for maintaining the pipe 46 clean, but does not interfere with the passage of fluid therethrough. It is to be noted that the higher portion of the flange 34 is directed toward the passage 39, so that water flowing from said passage to the plateau 33 will not reach the passage 31, while in the liquid state. In order to prevent movement of the member B on the member A due to general loosening of lit, the member B may have at that portion of the lower edge of its side wall where coinciding with the wall 13 a tooth 50 adapted to a notch 51 in that portion of the wall 13 coincident with the tooth 50.

The cover member C is of suflicient length and width to override the outer edge of the wall 29 of the member B and is there formed with a peripheral flange 52 interior to and parallel with which is another flange 53 so disposed as to define between them a space into which the outer edge of the wall 29 will fit, and in this space may be placed packing 54 of asbestos or other suitable refractory On the side of the passageway 39 rematerial to render thejoint practically steam tight. The cover C is formed with a central longitudinal ridge 55 from which the cover slopes toward the margin, and midway of this ridge and to one side thereof there is formed a boss 56 having a passageway for the screw 11 and in substantially concentric relation to the passageway the under face of the cover is formed with a partially circular flange 57 in position to partially embrace the higher portion of the flange 34. The screw 11 extends through the passage 31 and into the threaded passage 19, and, engaging the boss 5G, this screw serves to bind the several parts of' the burner firmly together with the bottom 28 resting on the lugs 26, and with the tooth 50 seated in the notch 51, and with the upper edges of the wall 29 seated against the asbestos packing 544 in the channel formed between the peripheral flanges 52 and 53 of the cover.

Assuming that the burner is installed in a stove, say a cooking stove, the body of the burner being shaped to adapt it to the shape of the lire chamber of a cooking stove,

and further assuming that the pipes 23 and 43 are properly connected to respective sources of supply of oil and water with the usual controlling valves provided for such purpose, oil is admitted to the pipe 21 and thence to the bore 9 rising in the same until it overiiows through the channels 8a on to the plateau 7, finding its way to the same by the passages between the wall 35 and the curved portions of the sides of the lugs 8. The oil overflows from the plateau into the channels 6 and ultimately reaches the bottom 1 and may in the meantime be ignited. The oil will burn heating the member A and also the member B, as well as the cover C. Ultimately the heat produced reaches a sufliciently high degree, when water may be introduced into the member B by way of the pipe 41, and by the defiector 44 is directed toward the plateau 33 and gravitates through the several channels surrounding this plateau, being converted into steam, and then will flow through the passage 31 into the chamber formed between the bottom of the member B and the bottom of the member A. During this time some soot may have formed from the burning oil in the member A, but not after the admixture therewith of the steam the heat becoming sufficiently intense to decompose the steam, and this decomposed steam mixing with the oily vapors produces a flame of great intensity which issues through the recesses 25 in the form of a white hot flame. Steam exhausts from the chamber between the cover C and the bottom of the member B through the passage 31 into the chamber within the member A and thence issues through the recesses 25, thereby creating a draft through the draft passage 12 and causing an admixture of air, which serves to increase the supply of oxygen.

The large evaporating surfaces, together with the comparatively slow movement of the oil and water in the respective chambers causes the formation of large quant-ities of combustible gas which readily ignite at the openings Q5. Should the feed of oil or water be excessive, the oil will overflow through the passages 17, while the water will find escape through the pipe 1G and suitable receptacles may be provided for the reception of such overflow should it occur. Any soot which may be formed in the preliminary heating of the burner is rapidly burned away by the mixture of gas and steam, and the burner is markedly free from any soot contamination.

Because of the height of the ribs 5 and 32 the oil and water is constrained to follow a tortuous path instead of a more direct path which might be furnished were the ribs so shallow as to permit the fluid to overiiow them.

lt is to be noted that the burner may be made of three castings, and that but a single bolt or screw is needed to secure these castings lirmly together. The passages 17 also serve as draft openings.

It will be observed that the conical evaporating section of the oil receiving chamber is steeper but of less radial extent than the like part of the water receiving chamber and also that the height of the oil receiving chamber which also constitutes the mixing and combustion chamber is greater than that of the water receiving or steam chamber. Also, the steam is directed against the apex of the oil vaporizing cone in a manner to issue over the oil vaporizing surface to become thoroughly intermixed with the oil vapors.

lVhat is claimed is:

l. An oil burner provided with superposed chambers each having tortuous channels for Huid, the upper chamber being provided with an inlet for water and the lower chamber with an inlet for oil, the two chambers communicating by a passage leading from the water chamber into the oil chamber substantially coincident with the oil inlet to the oil chamber.

2. An oil burner provided with superposed chambers each having tortuous channels for fluid, the upper chamber being provided with an inlet for water and the lower chamber with an inlet for oil, the two chambers communicating by a passage leading from the water chamber into the oil chamber substantially coincident with the oil inlet to the oil chamber, and both chambers having conical portions in which the tortuous channels are formed, the water chamber being shallower than the oil chamber.

3. An oil burner having superposed cham- Y bers each with an intermediate conical portion provided with a continuous channel leading indirectly from the apex of the cone toward the bottom of the chamber, the upper chamber discharging into the lower chamber at the apex of the cone in said lower chamber, and each chamber having means for the introduction of fiuid thereinto and the directing of such fluid into the upper end of the channel in the conical portion of said chamber.

4. In an oil burner, an oil evaporating member having a bottom formed with an intermediate conical portion and surrounding walls, said conical portion having concentric channels formed therein, each channel discharging into the next lower channel at a point remote from the discharge end of the latter, the apex part of the conical portion being provided with a dist-ributing plateau and a duct leading thereto.

5. In an oil burner, an oil evaporating member having a bottom formed with an intermediate conical portion and surrounding walls, said conical portion having concentric channels formed therein, each channel discharging into the next lower channel at a point remote from the discharge end of the latter, the conical portion having an axial passage with distributing ducts leading to the channels, and a duct entering the axial passage at oneside thereof.

6. In an oil burner, an oil evaporating member having a bottom formed with an intermediate conical portion and surrounding walls, said conical portion having concentric channels formed therein, each channel discharging into the next lower channel at a point remote from the discharge end of the latter, the conical portion having a distributing plateau at its upper end with spaced studs rising therefrom. and an axial passage within the space defined by the studs and leading to the plateau through the space between the studs, said studs being each formed with a shoulder below the outer end of the stud.

7. In an oil burner, an oil evaporating chamber provided with a bottom member and upstanding marginal walls, the bottom member having an intermediate conical portion rising therefrom with concentric channels formed thereon, each channel opening into the next lower one at a point remote from the discharge end of the said next lower channel, the conical portion having a central passage with channels leading therefrom to the uppermost one of the concentric channels, said oil evaporating chamber having formed therein between the conical portion and an adjacent portion of the marginal wall another wall deining a passage through the bottom of the Vchamber and opening at the top thereof.

ber having formed therein. between the coni-` cal portion and an adjacent portion of the marginal wall another wall defining a passage through the bottom of the chamber and open at the top thereof, the said chamber having also formed in the bottom thereof other passages with upstanding marginal portions constituting air ducts and depth defining overflow means.

9. In an oil burner, an oil evaporating chamber provided with a bottom member and upstanding marginal walls, the bottom member having an intermediate conical.

portion rising therefrom with concentric channels formed thereon, each channel opening into the next lower one at a point remote from the discharge end of the said next lower channel, the conical portion having a central passage with channels leading therefrom to the uppermost one of the concentric channels, said oil evaporating chamber having formed therein between the conical portion and an adjacent portion of the marginal wall another wall defining a passage through the bottom of the chamber and open at the top thereof, the said chamber having also formed in the bottom thereof other passages with upstanding marginal portions constituting air ducts and depth defining overflow means, the marginal wall of the chamber having recesses therein for the escape of burning gases.

10. In an oil burner, an oil evaporating chamber provided with a bottom member and upstanding marginal Walls, the bottom member having an intermediate conical portion rising therefrom with concentric channels formed thereon, each channel opening into the next lower one at a point remote from the discharge end of the said next lower channel, the conical portion having a central passage with channels leading therefrom to the uppermost one of the concentric channels, said oil evaporating chamber having formed therein between the conical portion and an adjacent portion of the marginal wall another wall defining a passage through the bottom of the chamber and open at the top thereof, the said chamber having also formed in the bottom thereof other passages with upstanding marginal portions constituting air ducts and depth defining overflow means, the marginal wall of the chamber having recesses therein for the escape of burning gases, and the said marginal wall being provided with inwardly direct-ed supporting means.

11, In an oil burner, an evaporating chamber provided with marginal walls, and a bottom with an intermediate conical portion, said conical portion having a central plateau with a passage therethrough and a rib upstanding from the plateau at the margin of said passage, the conical portion being provided with concentric ribs defining channels each of which opens into the next lower channel at a point remote from the discharge end of said next lower channel.

12. In an oil burner, an evaporating chamber provided with marginal walls and a bottom with an intermediate conical port-ion, said conical portion having a central plateau with a passage therethrough and a rib upst-anding from the plateau at the margin of said passage, the conical portion being provided with concentric ribs defining channels each of which opens into the nextlower channel at a point remote from the discharge end of said next lower channel, the central plateau having formed therethrough at one side of the central passage another passage, and a deflector rib in operative relation to said last named passage.

13. In an oil burner, an evaporating chamber provided with a substantially flat bottom having upstanding marginal walls and an intermediate conical portion having a central plateau provided with a side extension, said central plateau having a central passage formed therethrough and a marginal upstanding wall thereabout, said marginal wall having its outer end inclined with relation to the plane of the central plateau, and the conical portion having concentric channels therein each opening into the next lower channel at a point remote from the discharge end of the said lower channel.

14. In an oil burner, an evaporating chamber provided with a substantially flat bottom having upstanding marginal walls and an intermediate conical portion having a central plateau provided with a side extension, said central plateau having a central passage therethrough, and a marginal upstanding wall thereabout, said marginal wall having its outer end inclined with relation to the plane of the central plateau, and the conical portion having concentric channels therein each opening into the next lower channel at a point remote from the discharge end of the said lower channel, the conical portion of the chamber being shallow and having a wall extending the central passage toward the plane of the bottom of the chamber.

15. In an oil burner, an evaporating chamber provided with a substantially fiat bottom having upstanding marginal walls and an intermediate conical portion having a central plateau provided with a side extention, said central plateau having a central passage therethrough with a marginal upstanding wall thereabout, said marginal wall having its outer end inclined with relation to the plane of the central plateau, and the conical portion having concentric channels therein each opening into the next lower channel at a point remote from the discharge end of the said lower channel, the conical portion of the chamber being shallow and having a wall extending the central passage toward the plane of the bottom of the chamber, the central plateau having a passage through the side extension thereof, and a. deiiector rib upstanding from said plateau at that side of the last named passage remote from the iirst named passage.

1G, In an oil burner, t-wo compartments one nesting in the other and each provided with evaporating means, a cover for one of said compartments on the side thereof remote from the other compartment, and a single fastening means uniting the cover to the more remote compartment and securing the intermediate compartment by the engagement of the cover and the other compartment therewith.

17. An oil burner comprising an oil evaporating and combustion compartment with upstanding marginal walls and an intermediate channeled conical portion with the channels intercommunicating to form a tortuous passage, an air inlet duct opening through the bottom of the compartment and leading toward the top thereof at one side of the conical port-ion, an oil duct opening at the apex of the conical portion and discharging into the channels thereon, a second compartment forming a cover member for the irst named compartment and also provided with marginal walls and an intermediate conical portion, the last named conical portion having channels thereon intercommunicating to form a tortuous passage, a duct leading through the air duct of the irst named compartment and discharging at the upper end into the second named compartment, said conical portion of the second named compartment having a passageway therethrough with marginal walls leading above and below the top of the said conical portion and engaging the apex part of the conical portion of the first named compartment, and a cover member for the second named compartment.

18. An oil burner comprising an oil evaporating and combustion compartment with upstanding marginal walls and an intermediate channeled conical portion with the channels intercommunicating to form a tortuous passage, an air inlet duct opening through the bottom of the compartment and leading toward the top thereof at one side of the conical portion, an oil duct opening at the apex of the conical portion and discharging into the channels thereon, a second compartment forming a cover member for the irst named compartment and also provided with marginal walls and an intermediate conical portion, the last named conical portion having channels thereon intercommunicating to form a tortuous passage, a duct leading through the air duct or" the first compartment and discharging at the upper end into the second named compartment, the conical portion of the second named compartment having a passageway therethrough with marginal walls leading above and below the top of the said conical portion and engaging the apex part of the conical portion of the iirst named compartment, and a cover member for the second named compartment, said cover member being provided with a delector rib in partially surrounding -relationto the upstanding wall of the passage through the conical portion of the second named compartment and with marginal flanges to receive the marginal wall of the second named compartment.

19. An oil burner comprising an oil evaporating and combustion compartment with upstanding marginal walls and an intermediate channeled conical port-ion with the channels intercommunicating to form a tortuous passage, an air inlet duct opening through the bottom of the compartment and leading toward the top thereof at one side of the conical portion, an oil duct opening at the apex of the conical portion and discharging into the channels thereon, a second compartment forming a cover member for the first named compartment and also provided with marginal walls and an intermediate conical portion, the said last named conical portion having channels thereon intercommunicating to form a tortuous passage, a duct leading through the air duct of the irst named compartment and discharging at the upper end into the second named compartment, the conical portion of the second named compartment having a passageway therethrough with marginal walls leading above and below the top of the said conical portion on said second named compartment and engaging the apex part of the conical portion of the first named compartment, a cover member for the second named compartment, said cover member being provided with a deflector rib in partially surrounding relation to the upstanding wall of the passage through the conical portion of the second named compartment and with marginal ianges to receive the marginal wall of the second named compartment, and a single fastening member intermediate of the cover and traversing the same in enin nested relation to the combustion compartment, the edges of the marginal walls of the combustion compartment being provided with passages for the escape of burning gases, said combustion compartment having means for the introduction of oil thereinto and the outlet of the steam compartment being in line with the inlet for oil into the combustion compartment.

2l. An oil burner comprising a combustion compartment having marginal walls with passages therethrough for the escape of burning gases and provided with an intermediate conical portion having intercommunicating channels formed thereon to constitute a tortuous oil duct, an oil conduit discharging into said compartment through the said conical portion, a steam producing compartment nesting in t-he combustion compartment and constituting the cover therefor, said steam compartment having a conical channeled intermediate portion with the channels intercommunicating to form a tortuous passage for water, the steam compart- 'passage being inclined and the said steam compartment having a detlector rib in operative relation to the water inlet thereto, a cover member for the steam producing compartment having a marginal channel for the reception of the upper edge of the marginal wall of the steam producing compartment with space for the introduction of packing, said cover member having a deflector rib in partially embracing relation to the upper end of the wall surrounding the outlet passage o the steam producing compartment, and a single fastening means uniting the compartments together and the cover to the upper compartment..

22. In an oil burner, a steam producing compartment, means for the introduction of water thereinto, a waste conduit at the bott-om of the water compartment, and a permanently attached cleaning member for said waste conduit.

In testimony that l claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

LEON FETTY.

Witnesses:

GEO. W. WILEY, GEO. A. ANLEY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ive cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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