US1025954A

US1025954A - Pressure-regulator for boilers.

Info

Publication number: US1025954A
Application number: US54175610A
Authority: US
Inventors: Johann Friedrich Hey
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1910-02-03
Filing date: 1910-02-03
Publication date: 1912-05-07
Anticipated expiration: 1929-05-07

Description

J. P. HEY.

PRESSURE REGULATOR FOR BOILERS.

APPLICATION FILED IIB B.3, 1910.

Patented May 7, 1912. Y

I of a relay, that closing av damper which 4 resident lating the r oruiou.

JOHAN'N rmnnurorr HEY, or srnnssnuue, GERMANY.

PRESSURE-REGULATOR FOR BOILERS incense.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mav '7, 1912.

Application filed February 3, 1910. Serial No. 541,756.

To ci illwkom it may concern:

Be it known that T, JQHANN Fmnnn ou a subject of the German Emperor, and of Strassburg, Alsace-Lorraine, Germany have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pressure-Regulators for Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

Thy invention relates to devices for regupressure of steam coming from a boiler, by controlling the amount of steam produced, or in other Words, the intensity of steam generation, for instance by altermg the draft. Regulators of this character generally comprise a movable or yielding ;membcr exposed to the boiler pressure and connected directly or indirectly with the controlling. device, for instance a damper. A variation in boiler cause shifting of the damper or other controlling device. The indirect operation of the controlling device through the medium is an intermediate device governing the action of a motive agent on the controlling device, increases the sensitlveness of the regulator. St1ll,,as constructed heretofore, these regulators are not sensitive enough to produce the result contemplated by my invention, that is to say, to give the controlling device periods of opera tion corresponding in number and length of time to the fuel-charging periods. If, for instance, the furnace'is to receive a fresh supply of fuel ten times an hour, my improved regulator will operate in periods of six minutes, for instance by opening and regulates the draft.

Another feature of my invention relates to a. pressure-recorder that will. clearly indicate the variations of pressure, which with my invention are so slight that the usual recorderswould fail to show them clearly.

A specific embodiment of my present invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improved-regulator, with parts in section; Fig. 2 is a frontelevation thereof, partly in section; 3 is a top viewyand Fig. 4 is a detail side elevation, drawn upon a larger scale than Fig. 1.

The pressure-receiving member 1 consists preferably of a series of elastic diaphragms 2 of arched structure, in contact with each other alternately at their inner and at their outer edges and connected by welding or I lair spring of the Bell'eville type.

pressure will thussoldering, or-fastened'together in suitable manner. A bellows-like hollow is thus formed, which is known as a capsu- This capsular spring is closed at its bottom, while its top is fitted tightly against the cover 3' of the casing 4 in which the spring is housed. The sectional construction of the capsular spring enables me to readily increase or diminish the number of sections and thereby the sensitiveness of the device The interior of the capsular spring 1 communicates with the surrounding air by means of a central opening 7 in the cover The chamber of the casing 4 exteriorly of the spring is filled with a suitable liquid and communicates, by a pipe 6, with the steam space of the boiler. To the bottom of the spring 1 is secured rigidly a rod 8, passing with some play through the opening 7 and provided with nuts 9 to variably limit its downward movemen The movement of the capsular spring 1 and of the rod under the influence of pressure variations, is utilized for the purpose of operating a controlling device, for instance a draft regulator. In the construction shown, this operation is effected indirectly, through the medium of a relay in which a separate motive agent is employed, such as water under pressure. For this purpose a crosshead 10 is secured to the upper end of the rod 8, and to this head is pivotally connected at 11 a lever 12, rigidly attached to a spindle or rock shaft 13 journaled at one end of a forked lever 14. The latter is fulcrumed at 15 upon. a bracket 3* projected from the cover 3. The pivot or fulcrum 11 of the lever 12 is not in alinement with the lever 14, but to one side fulcrum 1.5 of the thereof and between the axes 15 and 13. (in the rock shaft 13 is further secured rigidly a lever 16, pivotally connected, at 17 with a rod 18, the lower end of which has a similar connection with a lever 19. The latter, fulcrumed at 20 upon a cylinder 21 carried by the casing 4, is arranged to operate the vertically movable slide valve 23 controlling the movement of the piston 22. The levers 12 and 16 are preferably 'connccted by a crossbar 26 passing through openings 27 in the members of'the lever 14 so as to afford ample vertical play for an .iidependent movement of the connected levers 12 and 16 relatively to the lever 14. When the controlling device is in the posi elastic body tion of rest, the pivotal connection 17 is in line with the fulcrum 15. The drawing shows openings 27 at each side of the tulcrum 15, so that the lever 1-1 may he used either in the position shown, or in the reverse position, according as the-connection 3a is to the right or to the left of the fulcrum 15. The operating piston 22 is shifted by steam or preferably by a liquid (water) under pressure, such motive agent being supplied through a pipe 29 and led away through a conduit 30.

The slide valve 23 is formed with pas- Qet and25" which are always in communication with the inlet and outlet ports 24. and of the cylinder 21. in the central position of the slide valve the ends 2 t" and 25" of the. latter close the passages against the channel 29 which communicates with the inlet pipe 29, and the central. part of the slide valve closes the passages against the channel 30 which communicates with the outlet conduit 30. It the slide valve is shifted downward, pressure fluid flowing through the inlet pipe the channel fitl the port 24 and the'port 24 passes into the cvlimler 2i and below the piston 22, so as to force the same upward, the liquid above the piston escaping through the port 25, the passage 25 of the slide valve,-the channel 30 and the conduit 30. On the other hand, if the slide valve 23 is shifted upward, communication is established between the port 25 and the inlet pipe 320, and between the port 24 and the outlet pipe 30, so that the piston.

22 is lowered.

The piston rod 31 attached to the piston 22 is provided with a crosshead 32 from which a connecting rod 33, having pivotal connections at both ends, extends to the rock shaft 13. The lever 14 is operatively connected with a device controlling the intensity of steam generation, for instance a chain may connect said lever with a dratt-regtb lating damper 1) arranged in the smoke flue F. Let us assume that the Stttnl pres sure increases in the boiler; the pressure being conveyedv through the pipe 6 to the liquid 5, will compress thecapsular spring 1 and thus move the rod 8 upward. Since the slide valve 23 is in its central position and closes both

channels

24 and 25, the piston 22 can notmove, and the shaft 13 forms a stationary "fulcrum for the levers 12 and 16 as they are moved upward by the rod 8. The upward movement of the lever 16 lifts the connecting rod 18 and lowers the slide valve 28, allowing the motive agent to pass from the pipe 29 through the port 24 and below the piston 22, while at the same time port 25 is connected with the outlet conduit 30. The piston 32 will then rise, and since the steam pressure holds the spring 1 (and therefore the rod 8) stationary, the upward movement of the piston will cause the levers 12 and 16 eas es.

to swing about the pivot it as a stationary fulcrum, while at the same time the levcr l 5 swings about its fulcr rote" are to Figs. 1 and l it will he seen the the pivotal connections l5 and l? areon opposrin sides of the pivot or temper-awe ,tulcrum therefore, when the pi .on moves up; and raises the rock shalt la, the p vot l wit nection 17 and the rod it? will be. itHTtZlLlland the slide valve raised to its I position, so that the piston and the. pa; connected. therewith will he held in the raised position. ihe mowment of the in lei shi ts the oamper connectml \\llll chain t, in such a manner as to redu n activity of combustion, that is to say, damper will he moved toward its t'lUSU/l tion. \Vhen on the other hand the p decreases within the boiler. the sowing 1 will expand, c... l more downward. The i s being staiirmar at this intent-ht. tlu' c nected levers and 16 will he moved 'ard, imparting;- a like motion to the i and raisii'ig the slide valve *3 t l n'iotive agent from the pipe F39 througl channel 35 above the piston 5?" i will theret re move dowt 'lhe .atiei' ard, cart with it the reel: sl'iatt lit and causing lever lat to swing about the fulcrum 'l r the direction opposite to that first refer i to, while at the same time the connect d levers 12 and-l6 are swung ahout the p vot ll as a temporary fulcrum. The levi z' shifts the damper toward the open po ition, thus increasing" the dra ft and th a 'u'y' ot combustion, so as to restore the g are o normal. The left hand portion of 'hr l v r 16 moves downward, but the po l to the right ot the pivot ll will move up thus raising the rod 1& and lowering" the slid: valve 23 to its central position. ihepiston 3.2 is thus again held against upward or down ward movement.

' By increasing the number and the size oi 1 m the annular elements 2 the sensitivencss oi the capsular spring is augmented. llhe damper will be lowered or shifted 'gradui ally in the nuinner described above, the proportions being so selected it a closed almost entirely when the time air res for the introduction oi fresh that which time is governed oy factors such the 1M to appear clearly in such 'otal connectionpoints 11 and amount of fuel supplied, the grate surface, etc Thus, when the door is opened to admit the fuel, the very least possible amount of cold air will pass through the boiler fines, thus reducing the cooling of the lines at the time of stoking to a minimum;

The usual .means for recording boiler pressures consists of a diaphragm or the like exposed to the boiler pressure and operating a stylus which produces a record on a traveling sheet of well-known character. If this usual means were fitted to a boiler provided with rniy improved regulator, it would record an almost straight line, the variations of pressure being so slight not record. If, therefore, it is important to obtain a clear record of these variations, however slight amplitude of the stylus movements.

As shown in the drawings, the stylus 35,

forms partof a recording device contained in a casing 37 carried by a post 36 projected from the bracket 3. To increase the amplitude of the stylus movements, the stylus is, for instance, secured to a lever 38,

fulcrumed at one end upon a bracket 39 andconneeted at a shorter distance from the fulcrum than the stylus, with an operating rod 40 sliding in a guide sleeve 41. The lower end of the rod 40 rests upon a curved lug 42 having an involute face and secured to one of the levers 16 or 12 between the piv- 13. Owing to this arrangement, the operating rod 4.0 will always remain vertical, irrespective of the position of the lever 16 (or 12). The record is marked in the usual way on the sheet orvstrip d3 winding on the drum 45 driven by a clock-Work 44. When the steam pressure. increases, the swinging of the lever 16 about the fulcrum 13 by the rise of the rod 8 will raise the stylus 35 through the action of the In 42 on the rod 40, the lower end ofwhich slides on the curvedface of the lug as the lever swings. The stylus'will therefore mark on the strip 43 a line correspending to the movement of the capsular swung upward about the fulcrum aa fihe first line and both lines spring 1., When thereupon the lever 16 is 11 by the rise of thepiston 22, the stylu s'is moved farther upward and marks a second .line. Since the two movements which the lever 16 is given. by the rod. 8 and the piston 22 respectively, follow one another very closely, this second line Wlll form acontinuationof together indicate (as' when it is desired to investigate the combus' device is operated by a,

the combustion process,

and also increasing the the increase of steam pressure. Shouldtthci pressure fall, the stylus will move down ward correspondingly, so that these pressure variations will be recorded. The improved regulator is exceedingly sensitive, the positions of the damper or other controller followingeven slight variations in the steam pressure. The record or diagram produced by the stylus on the strip will also show to the attendant the proper times for supplying fresh fuel, the crests of the record line indicating points at which the damper is almost entirely closed. The diagram further indicates (by showing the time required for the increase of steam pressure) how the intensity of combustion increases during a certain period and how much time elapsed between two successive supplies of fresh fuel, thereby affording a comprehensive and .clear record of the combustion process and of the charging or stoking.

Any well-known or approved apparatus may be employed for obtaining a record of the temperature and of other features of and a comparison of these records with the pressure record on the strip 43 will show how the air supply, should be varied in order to secure the best utilization of the fuel..,

The great sensitiveness of the regulator and of the damper or other cont-rolling device, obtained by my improved construction of the member exposed to boiler pressure, is also of great value in cases where the production of steam is governed, not by regulating the draft, as in thecase described, but by regulating the supply of fuel through the medium' of a slide controlled in any other suitable manner. These and other modifications are within the spirit of my invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim as my invent-ion:

1. In apparatus for correcting variations, a-

capsular spring arranged to follow such variations and composed of detachable sections so that their number may be readily increased or diminished, a variation-controlling regulator, an actuating member operatively connected with said regulator to shift the same, a valve governing the movement of said actuatingmember, an operative connection between said spring and the valve to shift the valve as the capsular spring expands or contracts, and an operative connection between the actuating member and the valve to restore the valve to its central position as the actuating member moves; i

2. In apparatus for correcting variations, the combination of a movable member arranged to follow such variations, a rod carried by saidmember, a piston, a cylinder in which said piston is located, a slide valve controlling the movement of the piston, a movable fulcrum supported by the piston,

two rigidly conneciefl leveirs ini'iun'tecl to rock in unison on said fiilcifmn, 0216 of saiii lovm's having a 'pivfiijzliC(BHEBCilOZl with (he said rod and lbs of, "Ling opemliivcly connected with the siivle valve, 1111 '1 midnl ii m-correcti11;; re minim; opm'zziively coniieci'ecl with said 1 l on.

In apparatus 1m correckinfi vsiiiil'iniisi, Lhg: COlllillDniilUIi of a movable member {11" "ungml to fallmv Sll'jll viiiiziii-ioiig a red carried by said member; :1, pi ivy-minder in which Said piston is; 13K 25 21 alida mive controlling i'ilf movement movable :fiilcriun suppofwcl two rigidly ((.0i10('i (l. rock in uniss uid levers having; :1 pivotal cu saicl rod, a oilier ex ncliiip; beyond the axis pf l i011, and lieing opei'ux'jiveiy c onnccted Wish. the slide valve iii-0111 {L pair; on the side 0?? said pivutal ccnnsciion ,posite to t-lm movable iful. ci'uni and .rcerreci'inq fefillllifil', opomi-ively (iflllllisCLQ-(l "-Vlil? said m2 dimin slieci i0 steam Within Lin? ll'Ol1%31,ii ng combusnoii where by the generation 0i Ream Mimic-(l, an actual 11g incnilim & mralively cmm-e ctesl WithF ozih'iillim; vice, valve cru the movement of said actuating member,

an opei '0 connection between said spring and film Halve and. an operative connection helm-Gen the valve and the actuating member.

' for cml'ecling variations,

a 1.. arm: gmi (:0 follow such Vfll'liiiZOilS a Li cmiiposcd of detachable sec- G. In ppllfiltllS 11 1' i'mriouting variations, a. mom )1 member illlllllged to follow such vnriatioi a :i mr anion-correcting regulator, momma OPGTililYC connection between said member and said yegulaior, Mi l a recording; (lm'im lizii'i :1v motion-yeceiving l. eli'zment in pornmneni Contact with a m0vfable. pOTi'lOli of Ml, opemlic CGHDQCUOU.

l in. my wlivrcofi l have ,igl'mcl this (he nresence of two sub-