US1025130A - Arc-lamp. - Google Patents

Description

J. L. DINSMOOR. ARC LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.11, 1911.

Patented May '7, 1912.

Q 7 2 $HEETSSHEET 1. W 25 3/ J WITNESSES [/VVE/VTOR Aflorneys 'J. L. D-INSMOOR. A110 LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.11, 1911.

Patented May 7, 1912.

2 SHEETSSHEBT 2.

WITNESSES; [/VVE/VTOR Afforneys UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN L. nnvsmoon, 101? new YORK, n. Y.

ARC-LAMP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 11, 1911. Serial No. 613,905

To all whom it may concern:

'Be it known that I, J OHN L. DINSMOOR, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of llew county and State of New York, have invented'a certain new and useful Arc-Lamp, of which. the following is a specification.

This invention is an arc lamp, and it pertains, more particularly, to means for in-' closing the are produced by the flow of current from one to the-other oi a pair of. converging carbons such as are usually employed in lamps of .the flaming arc type.

A salient feature of this invention consists of means whereby a large proportion of the dust arising from the combustion of the carbons is carred upwardly into, and,

deposited upon the surfaces of, a chamber provided above the inner of two globes, although some of the carbon dust, such as the heavier particles thereof, will lodge within the inner globe, thus precluding theaccumulat-io-n of carbon dust within the outer globe, thereby keeping the globes substan- .tially free from obstructing the rays of easily and quickly to the carbons for the purpose of trimming the lamp, 'a nd,'also, making it easy to clean the surfaces of the inner globe the chamber above said globe, it"not being necessary, in practice, to

brush Iout carbon dust from theouter globe for the reason that but little, if any, carbon dust can lodge upon the inner surfaces of said outer globe.

Infthe accompanying drawings, 1, have illustrated one practical embodiment of the invention, but the construction shown therein is-to be understood as illustrative, only,

and not as defining the limits of the invention.

Figure 1 is a vertical section through a part of a flaming arc lamp embodying the present invention. Fig. 2 1s a detail view York, borough of Manhattan,

substantially tightillustrating the positions ofthe supporting bails for an outer globe at the points where said bails cross each other. Fig. 3 is a de tailview illustrating means for attaching an end portion of the bail to a vertically adjustable sleeveor-shell of the lamp casing. Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4et of Fig.- 3. @Fig. 5-is a'vertical section through an axis carbon lamp embodying the salient features of the invention, for the purpose of PatentedMay 7,1912.

precluding the lod ment of carbon, dustupon the inner surfaces of the inner and outer globes. Fig. 6 is a side view of one means for detachably connecting the vertically adjustable sleeve to an internal casing of the lamp. Fig. 7 is a section partly in elevation, the plane of section. being in dicated'by the dotted line 6'6 of Fig. 5. F ig'.8 is a detail view through a part of a lamp illustrating another form of support ing memberor ring whereby an inner globe is adapted to be suspended within an outer globe and in a position to inclose the arc. Fig. 9 is a cross section through a pair ot'converging carbons of a particular shap'e'which it is preferred to use.

' 5 designates a casing adapted for inclosing carbons,

the casing is flanged at 6 and fits tightly around a lower member 7 sometimes termed a burn plate, said burn plate becarbons, A. A sleeve or external shell 9 incloses the. lower part of casing 5, said sleevebeing concentric with casing 5 so as to produce an intermediate chamber 10. Se-

cured rigidly to the outside of easing 5 is a flange 11, with which cooperates an inwardly extending flange 12, provided with an upwardly extending shoulder 13. Flange 12 is attached by suitable means, as for example by riveting, to sleeve 9, the shoulder 13 of said flange 12 being adapted A, said casing being of any preferred construction. The lower part of ,ing provided with slots 8 for the passage oi to fit withinan annular space provided be- 1 tween casing 5 and flange ll, as shown clearly in Fig. 1. The employment .of the two flanges 11, 12 on the casing and sleeve, respectively, enables the sleeve to be fitted to said casing ina manner to exclude rain or snow from chamberlO. The shouldered part13 on the flange of sleeve 9 is intended toflt tightly within flange 11 so as to minimize the leakage ofarc gases from chamber '10 and to likewise minimize the entrance of atmospheric air into said chamber 10. v

14 is an outer globe of any usual or pre: ferred construction, said outer globe being supported by the lower portion of sleeve 9. Forthis purpose bails 15, 16, links 17, and a ring 18. are employed. The ring 18 is attached firmly by suitable means, as by riveting, to the lower edge of sleeve 9, said ring The bails 15, 16 are positioned 'at right angles to each other so that they will cross or intersect at the bottom oft-he globe 14.

-Said bails are bent at 153-16 respectively, to facilitate the operation of placing them in position and to enable said bails to fit 1 compactly to the bottom portion of the globe. Each bail is provided at its respec-" tive ends with the hooks 22 which are fitted into the loops 17 at the apices of the triangular portions thereof, as shown more clearly in Fig. 3, whereby the hooked ends of the bails are precluded from. sliding within the loops. I

A globe supporting member 23 is attached to sleeve 9 on the interior thereof.

Said'member is in the form of a ring which the inner globe.

inclines inwardly from the sleeve and downwardly toward the lower portion of casing 5. This globe supporting member is 'pref erably-imperforate, and it operates to substantially prevent a. downward circulation of arc gases into chamber 14, and, also, to

prevent a deposit of carbon dust. upon the inner surfaces of. said globe. An arc inclosing globe 24 is suspended from the inner edge portionof member or ring 23.- Said globe24 is closed on all sides except the top, the top edge of the globe 24 being shown as having a flange 25 which-rests upon the inner edge portion of supporting member or ring 23, whereby globe 24 is suspended .from said ring. Globe 24 is ,positioned within globe 14 so as to be substantially inclosed thereby, and.the chamber 24 ofsaid globe- '24 has free communication with the chamber 10 of external -casing or sleeve 9.

When the lamp is'in operation, converging carbons, A, pass downwardly through slots 8 in member 7, so that the lower ends of said carbons are within chamber 24 of from one carbon to the other, and thus gencrates heat and gases within chamber 24. The combustion of the carbons produces also, a powder or dust which is suspended in theatmosphere composed, mainly, of arc gases. These gases tend to flow upwardly The flaming arc passes within the chamber of the inner globe and to pass into thechamber 10 of external shellor sleeve 9, the gases carrying with them the fine particles of carbon dust. The shell 9' being exposed to the atmospheric air, the walls of said shell are relatively cooler than the inner globe, whereby carbon dust suspended in the arc. gases will become deposited-upon the inner surfaces of shell 9 and the outer surface of that part of easing 5 which is enveloped-by said shell 9. The are burns in a substantially tight chamber of inner globe 24, to which chamber atmospheric air is not freely admitted, and this results in prolonged life and service of the carbons, thus making it unnecessary totrim the lamp so frequently. The main advantage secured, however, is that the glass Ware, 6. e., the inner and outer globes,

will not become coated with carbon dust to such an extent as will substantially inter- .fere with the dispersion -of the light.

Furthermore, the employment of the imperforate ring'23 precludes, for all prac tical purposes, the settling of carbon dust upon the inner surface of globe 14. It is to be observed'that the imperforate ring 23 is positioned at the upper portion of globe 14 between the chamber of said globe 14 and the chamber 10 of shell 9. Accordingly, the imperforate ring substantially cuts off communication between the chambers of shell 9 and globe 14, and thus carbon dust deposited within chamber 10 will not pass into-globe 14. It is not desired to limit the invention, however, to the employment. of an 'imperforate ring 23 for-entirely cutting off communication between the chambers -of shell 9 and globe'14. In Fig. 7 of the drawings I have shown a ring 23 attached to shell or sleeve 9 and ladapted to suspend an inner globe 24 withinran outer globe 14. The ring 23 of Fig.

7 is provided with anumber of small apertures 26 which secures communication between aehamber of sleeve 9 and the chamber of globe 14 so' that the heavier arc gases will settle into the chamber of the globe through said perforations 26, the effectof which is 'togradually fill the globe chamber with dilute arc gases. In the practical operation of the lamp, however, very little, if any. carbon dust will settle upon the inner surface of globe 14 for the reason that substantially all the carbon dust will be collected in ,the sleeve 9.

From the foregoing description it is apparentthat the heat radiated from the flaming arc willv heat the arc gases, which gases will'have a tendency to flow upwardly from the inner. globe chamber into a comparatively coo er chamher of sleeve 9, said upwardly flowing gases carrying with them the finely divided carbon dust, this operat-ion taking place in both forms of lamp surface of the outer globe, the latter re-- maining in a clean condition at all times.

This is a very desirable feature for the additional reason that in case the outer globe should be broken, as sometimes happens in mills and factories, the lamp will continue to operate with practically the same carbon life, but it is found that, under such conditions, the inner globe will become coated with carbon dust to a greater extent than would be the case were the outer globe in good condition.

In Figs. 1, 6 and 7 of the drawings there is shown a novel clamping device whereby the shell 9 may be easily and quickly attached to, or detached from, casingo of the lamp. Said casing is shown as having studs 28 extending from opposite sides of the flange 11. The external casing or sleeve 9 is provided at opposite sides, and near the upper edge, with brackets 29, each bracket having lugs or cars 30. A hooked shapedmember 31 is adapted for-engagement with the stud 28, said hooked shaped mem-- ber being provided at its lower portion with an eccentric strap or loop 32; An operating piece 33 is provided with an eccentric 34 and with pivotal pins 35, said operating piece being provided, also, with a finger loop 36. The eccentric 34: of the operating piece is positionedbetween theears 30 of the bracket, said eccentric fitting loosely in the eccentric strap 32 of hook 31. Said operating piece 33 is pivotally supported in bracket 29 by vthe pivots 35 fitting 'i'n apertures of ears 30, whereby the pivoted operating piece is adapted to be turnedinwardly or outwardly on the horizontal axis .VVhen the operating the eccentric 35 of moving hook afforded by pins piece is swung outwardly, is turned forthe purpose 31 in an upward and outward thereby disengaging said hook from stud 28. But when theoperating piece is turned in a downward and inward direction. the eccentric operates the hook 31 so as to draw it into engagement with stud 28. The shell away from the 9 and globesl t, 24 suspended from said shell, are connected to the lamp casing by two of these clamping devices.

It is evident that the operator may manipulate the members 33 of the clamping devices so as to easily and quickly. release them from engagement with the studs 28, whereby sleeve 9 and globes 14, 24 may be lowered lamp casing and'the carbons. Access is thus easily obtained to the carbons and to the interior of shell 9 and glob: 2 4.

The operator is enabled to remove the burned carbons and replace them with fresh direction,

carbons,

surface of globe 24 may be thoroughly cleaned of carbon dust.

A salient feature of the lamp resides in the facility for cleaning the surfaces upon which the carbon dust will lodge, thus over-.

coming one-of the serious objections existing in lamps of the converging carbon type. The sleeve 9 with the two globes can be lowered easily and quickly, thus enabling the workman to surface of the gas chamber formed by the sleeve, and, also, from the supporting ring or member, whereupon the inner globe can be inverted to empty the carbon dust, said globe being wiped out to more effectually clean it. -It is not necessary, ordinarily, inner surface of'the outer globe, for the rea' son that practically no carbon dust lodges in it, but should it be, desirable to clean the and the inner surface ofsleeve 9, the outer surface of casing 5,'and'the'1'nner to clean the p brush or wipe out the inner to remove the inner globe inner surface of said outer globe, this can be performed easily'when the inner globe is detached. t

'The parts can be replaced with ease and facility, the clamping devices being operated quickly toretain the sleeve and the globes in their operative positions.

The invention is preferably employed in; con unct1on with fiasnnng arc lamps, employing converging carbons, wherein the vertical dimensions of the inner globe are reduced,

as compared with the vertical dimensions of an inner lobe necessary to be used in arc lamps employing carbons disposed in axial alinement. The employment of an inner globe ina flaming" arc lamp secures an up.-

-ward flow of the dust-laden arc. gases, the

surfaces of the inner globe being heated substantially uniformly by the flaming are, so thatthere results practically no deposit of the carbon dust upon the innersurfaoe of v the inner globe. The upwardly flowing arc gases pass into a gas chamber formed, in the present instance, by the attached sleeve. the surface of said gas chamber being relatively cooler than the surfaces of the inner globe surrounding the arc, the result of which is to vprecipitatethe earbondust upon the sur face of the gas chamber. I

While it is preferred to employ the invention in conjunction with an arc lamp of the flaming-type employing converging carbons, the invention may be employed, also,

in conjunction with lamps having co-axially as shown in Fig. 50f

positioned carbons,

thedrawings, in which event it is necessary to use an inner globe of longer vertical dimensions to accommodate the lower' car'- bon and its holder, but it is found that an inner globe of increased vertical dimensions will notbecome'he'ated uniformly by the are, as a result ofwhi'ch certain portions of the inner globe will be cooler than other por- 'tions' of the same globe. -Accordingly, the

arc gases present in the inner globe will deposit carbon dus't upon those surfacessof said inner globe which are relatively cooler, some of the carbon .dust being carried with the heated gases into the upper gas chamber so as to be deposited upon the surface of said gas chamber.

' It is well known that a flaming are when inclosed has its conductivity reduced owing to the absence of oxygen, and, further, that when carbons of circular cross section are used, the flame has a tendency to creep or "amount of luminosity; Furtherl'nore, it is,

swirl around the outer shells of the carbons,

at the ends thereof, thus contributing also to increased resistance of the arc. This increased resistance requires}. ordinarily, a higher are voltage to produce an equal more difiicult to retain the regulating fea-' tures of thelamp when the flame is extended and operated at a higher are voltage, owing to the variable sectional amount of carbon material to be consumed, since the space between the interior and exterior surfaces of the carbons will vary in practically a ratio of 1 to 8, While in'the case of coaxially arranged carbons the are will vary in length between maximum and minimum points of separation in practically uniform. ratio.

While the carbons may be composed-of a variety. of mixtures to producea steady arc, it is possible to obtain a more nearly uniform length of arc flame by reducing the sectional amount of carbon material when considered longitudinally withthe arc. j p I I employ two coreless carbons, substantially rectangular in cross section and so positioned that the wide fiat facesof the carbons are in opposing relation substantially as shown in Fig. 9, sothat the are flame will flowfrom the wide flat face of one carbon to the wide flat face of the other carbon,

the dotted lines in Fig. 9 illustrating thedirection of the flow of current from one carbon to the other.

The objectionable "creeping of the are around the carbons is overcome by employing carbons substantially rectangular. in

cross section, ,with their wide flat faces'in opposing relation, for the reason that the carbon materialaffords a path of lower re sistance for the current to flow through and the wide flat surfaces ofthe carbons introduce a larger path for the arc flame and do not attract it. The employment of coreless carbon's reduces the cost of manufacture and 7 -.provides a more durable-and stronger conf struction, thus eliminating breakage to a' large degree of the carbons during transportation and handling. thereof. 7

Having thus fully described the invention, what I claim as new, and desire to se-' cure by Letters Patent is 1-- 1. In an arc lamp of the class described,

a shell or casing provided with a cooling chamber, an imperforate ring positione within, and attached to, said shell or casing, an. arc inclosing globe closed at the bottom and suspended from said imperforate ring,vv

the chamber of said arc inclosing globe communicating freely with the cooling chamber of said shell or casing,*and a closed outer globe supported by the shell or casing and substantially inclosing the inner globe, the chamber of said outer globe being substantially cut oil from communication with the cooling chamber by said imperforate ring,

said cooling chainber being positioned above the arc inclosing globe and being closed against the. circulation of air and gases therethrough.

12. In an arc lamp, an inside casing, an

external sleeve fitted to the inside casing for movement vertically with respect thereto, means for retalnlng the external sleeve in fixed relation to the inside casing,'an outer globeclosed against the admission of atmospheric air and'supported by the'external 7 sleeve, and an inner globe positioned within the outer globe and suspended from the ex ternal sleeve, said inner globe being closed at the bottom thereof, both of said globes being movable with the external sleeve relative to the inside casing, said inside casing and the external sleeve. producing above the inner globe a cooling chamber which communicates freely with said inner globe, said cooling chamber being closed against the circulation therethrough of atmospheric air being closed at its bottom and having its upper part in free communication with a cooling chamber between the casing and the 'sleeve, both of said globes being movable with the sleeve. a I Y 4:. In an arc lamp, a lamp casing, an outer globe closed to preclude 'the admission of atmospheric air-thereto, a cooling chamber.

the lamp casing and positioned above the 'outerglobe, said cooling chamber being closed toprec'lude theinflow of air and the outflow of arc gases, an inner arc-inclosing lobe positioned within the outer globe, said inner globe being closed at its bottom and the chamber thereof havingfree communication at its upper part with thecooling chamsubstantially enveloping the lower part of her to permit of an upward flow of dust laden arc gases into the cooling chamber, whereby the dust will accumulate within the cooling chamber and be retained therein against return to the inner globe or to the dust suspended therein are free to flow up-= wardly from the inner globe, said cooling chamber actingas a reservoirforthe prodnets of combustlon.

6. An arc lamp embodying a lamp casing, a sleeve enveloping the lower partof said lamp casing and producing therewith a cooling chamber, said cooling chamber being provided with means for precluding the cir culation through said chamber of arc gases and atmospheric air, a closed bottom inner globe the chamber of which is in free communication with the cooling chamber to permit an unrestricted upward flow of dust laden arc gases into saidcooling chamber, and an outer globe attached to the external sleeve, said outer globe producing a dead air chamber between the inner and-outer globes.

7. An arc lamp embodying a lamp casing,

a single sleeve concentric with and exterior to the lower partof said lamp casing, said sleeve being movable vertically relative to the'lamp casing and said'sleeve forming with the lamp casing a cooling chamber, an outer globe and an inner globe both suspended from the single sleeve and movable therewith relative to the lamp casing, each globe being closed at the bottom and the inner globe having freecommu'nication with the cool-ing chamber, and means for precluding the circulation through the cooling chamber of atmospheric air and the dust laden arc gases which flow'npwardly from the inner globe.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN nnnvsMoon.

Witnesses:

H. I. .BERNHARD, J. F. MoTHERsHEAn Copies 01 this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner otlatents,

' Washington, D. 0. I

Images