US1023946A - Sectional wall construction. - Google Patents

Description

S. S. LEVY.

SEGTIONAL WALL CONSTRUCTION.- urmonlois 1 11.21) 11,112.11, 1911."

1,023,94=6. Patented Apr. 23, 1912.

' witnesses ,Zfiv'eniar SAMUEL SOLOMON OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SECTION AL WALL CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr 23, 3912.

Application ales march 21, 1911. Serial in. 615,928.

in all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Samoan SOLOMON LnvY, a subject of the Czar of Russia, re-

siding at Boston, in the county of Suffolk and btateof'Massachusetts; have invented new and'useful Improvements in Sectional Wall Constructions, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in Idsectional wall constructions, and its objects are to dispense with the use of molds while the wall is being erected; to firmly secure together the variousparts of which the wall is composed; to permit the use of larger structural members than have b eretofore been used; and to simplify and render more cffective the arrangement of the several parts. My invention primarily consists in constructing wall sections formed from solid slabs, preferably of the height of a story,

I and after the same have been installed in the relative positions they are to occupy permanently and properly braced, to secure the same together by pouring fluid concrete 2a intoavertical hollows formed between adjacent parts of said sections, the said fluid concrete after hardening forming the piers and ties of the building.

My invention further consists in constructing a solid structural member having hollows therein for the installation of electric wires, gas pipes and the like, and of inclosing said hollows by a cover secured to said member by a dove tail joint formed by pouring wet concrete into a suitably formed hollow' extending vertically between two adja-.

cent projections with abutting edges upon said structural member and cover My invention further consists 111 Various 40 other novel constructions and arrangements ofparts more specifically hereinafter pointed out and claimed.

. I 'have'found from actual experience that v the-method of cement construction most fre- 46 quently emplo ed atthe present time is after the foun ation is completed, to erect a number of wooden molds into which the fluid cement is poured and which after hardening forms the building structure. '60 To erect these molds necessitates the use of lar e amounts of lumber, and the greatest skil and care in order that the requisite lings of the structure be accurately followed an reserved; not only are thatmaterials for t e molds expens1ve, but the time nec- :essanly consumed in their erection is considerable, and the expense of competent workmen large and not easily figured in advance. This is in'grea't part due'to the fact that special molds have to be constructed, since every building follows differ cut architectural lines from any other except in rare instances, and that the same molds cannot be twice used for the same purpose. After the cement has hardened, the only way of removing the molds is by tearing the boards away, and I have found those cases exceptional where the lumber used for molds in the erection of one cement structure are allowed to be used in the erection of another. This is for the reason that before such lumber can again be used for this purpose, it must be carefully scraped and cleaned; and since it is impossible to efi'ect the complete removal of the cement except at great cost, there are particles of cement which cling to the wood fibers and cause blemishes in cement construction where such lumber is again used for molds. Usually in building contracts calling for cc ment construction, there is, therefore, a clause which provides that only new lumber shall be used for the molds.

By my form of construction, I am able to dispense entirely with the use of wooden molds; and only findlit necessary to use a small quantity of lumber for the purpose of a staging and of bracing the parts of the structure before they are joined together. After the erection of one building, I find that I am able upon removing the staging and braces to use the same again and again in the construction of other buildings; thus utilizing for a long period lumber which if used in the molds of common cement structure would thereby be rendered practically I useless. v

Attention is hereby directed to the drawing' in which similar numerals of designation refer to similar parts throughout the several views. 1 ,Figure l is a horizontal section of my improved cement v construction, showing the i open spaces in the wall and the main and intermed1ate piers. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of a partition embodying my construction, and Fig. 3 is a vertical section of my improved construction showing the wall spaces.

Referring to the drawing, uponthe foundation 5 composed of' cement, masonry or other suitable material, I place in vertical position by means of braces or the like, structural members 6, T, 8, 9, 10, etc., which are'preferably formed of cement, but may be of terra cotta, concrete, artificial stone or any other material suitable for building purposes. Each of said members is constructed in one solid section a with the hol lows a on the inside thereol and is preferably the height of the story where the same is used, but may be constructed in horizontal sections if desired and mortared or otherwise secured together to form a continuous mass. The hollows c are preferably made as large as the strength of the building materials will permit, in order to insure lightness of material and convenience in handling the same. While lightness is a desirable feature, however, I still Wish to have the material of sufficient thickness to insure durability and. rigidity, and therefore build lTly'COllFillllCtlOl'l so to embody both of these features.

For the purpose oit connecting the structural members 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, etc, as a solid whole, It construct the same with vertically extending hollows d and 2, into both of which liquid concrete is poured and forms upon hardening the main piers 11 and the intermediate piers 12. The hollows (Z are formed between the abutting vertical ends of adjoining members, there being recesses constructed therein for this purpose which register with each other; the main piers 11 till the hollows (Z and rest upon the foundation 5 and firmly secured thereto in the well known 'manner,-they are made of considerable thickness and extend, from. the foundation to the uppermost story. The hollows are formed in a manner similar to the hollows (l, and receive the intermediate piers 12, which are made smaller than the main piers and ordinarily extend beyond one story into the next. For securing the cover 5 to the ion a, I prefer to con struct the latter with grooves 15 for the reception of the of the former, which are here shown slightly in order to prevent the removal of the cover except by sliding out of the said grooves. To secure the cover in permanent position after it has been placed in the position which it is to occupy, l prefer to construct said section and cover with the dovetail rec es f, f, the walls of which abut and re and form a vertical recess, into which is poured liquid concrete to form the tie 13, the cap plate 14- covering the top o't'eaclrs' 'uctural member octwecn the main pie "When this etc hardens, the i on cover are firmly loc :d to; her and cannot be separated. ctr apt by lneulring them into pieces. Where a partition constructed as shown in Fig. 2, l prefer to use the (lore tail recess or the equivalent for both the intermediate piers and the ties. in some masses inner edge ofthe cap plate 14: and may be secured thereto or to the wall in the manner well known to architects and builders. Stringers of steel or concrete may obviously be used instead of wood, orif molds be used for this express purpose, the entire floor may be formed of concrete and supported upon the cap plates 14. For ornamental purposes as well as to cover the line of juncture of the members where the same are secured by an intermediate pier, I generally use the strips 17 which may be of wood, plaster, cement or any suitable material and molded into any artistic form desired, and which are secured to the wall in any of the well known ways.

To give additional strength to the piers and ties, l prefer to reinforce the same with iron or steel at the time the concrete is poured into the hollows d, e, and f, the said hollows being made in such sizes as maybe required to receive the necessary weights, load, etc, of the floor and superstructure. The outside of the section a. can be left plain or can before being installed be ornamented or decorated, my method of joining being such that l find it possible to have forms made in great variety for use in any and all classes of construction. By reason of the use of soft concrete, which later solidifies, I am enabled to provide an airtight construction; the fluid concrete completely filling the cavities and spaces between the abutting edges of the hollows and dispensing with even the necessity of retouching the construction.

I find in practice that while fluid concrete solidifies in a short time, a considerableperiod must elapse before the moisture entirely passes ott'. During this formation 138-- riod it is therefore important that the concrete be carefully protected from' the act-ion oi the weather. With the ordinary method of construction consequently, it became necessary not to remove the boards of the mold until all danger of damage by the weather is passed, while with my improved construction, the dryin concrete bein rotected by reason of the ollows in whic It is inclosed, the building is ready for use almost immediately after the structural members are connected. The life of the most essenon part of the construction is thus assured.

To guard against dampness from the outside of the building, I prefer to cover the inner surfaces of the section a with a coat or coatings of water root paint. This should be done before the time of installs.

tion in order that the paint may have time.

1,02e,eae

is on the inside surface of the air space it is protected against the wear and tear to which any weather paint no matter how durable is ordinarily subjected, and will last as long as the structure itself.

The preferred method of erection is as follows :The structural members are installed in position and the walls carefully trued and braced. The cement is then introduced into the hollows and is thoroughly tamped down, after which it is allowed to set. In case the construction is two or more stories in height, one story is erected at a. time; a considerable portion of the hollows to be occupied by the main and intermediate piers being, left unfilled in order to form a connection with the story above. To

carry out this purpose the hollows d of the lower story are filled but two thirds full of cement. When the second story is erected, the hollows d and 6 thereof register with the hollows d and e of the story below, and when the cement is again poured in, leaving the same space in the hollow above, a short column of cement is formed, one third of which is in the hollow below and two thirds in the hollow above. he remaining stories, if ny, are treated in like manner. By this system 'of connecting adjoining stories, I find I am able to look all the members securely together and to'form a solid construction.

While I have described the use of concrete for forming'the piers and ties of my construction, I by no means desire to limit myself to the use of this material, since, as is obvious, other materials could be used though not to the same convenience and advantage.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is,-

A wall construction comprising a plu rality of solid structural members, each member having parallel vertical rear recesses and a central dividing wall for said recesses, said wall being provided with a central vertical groove, the ends of the member being provided with vertical grooves, a plastic filling for said end grooves for engaging the grooves of adjoining members, a cover for the rear recesses provided with a central wall provided with a groove complemental to the rear groove of the member, and a plastic filling engaging the rear groove of the member and the groove of the cover;

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 20th day of March 1911.

SAMUEL SOLOMON LEVY.

Witnesses:

T. HERBERT BILODEAU, E. T. Lnvenoivs.

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