US1022048A - Stove and lamp. - Google Patents

Description

, Y H. A. VON POST.

STOVE AND LAMP. APPLICATION TILED IA! 15, 1909' 2 QHBETS-SHBET 1'.

Patented A r.,2 ,1912.

HLA. VON Pos'tr STOVE A ND LAMP. APPLICATION FILED MAY 15, 1909.

Patented A rkz, 1912.

2 sums-sum 2.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HANS ADOLF VON POST, 0F STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN, ASSIGNOR TO .AKTIEBOLAGET PYRO, OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN, LIMITED COMPANY.

STOVE AND LAMP.

' ing purposes or for illumination.

The present contrivance is designed especially for stoves or lamps fed with petro-leum or other less volatile combustible oils,-but may also be applied or used for its smaller volume but also in consequence of more volatile combustible fluids.

So as to force the combustible fluid into the burner which must previously be heated 1 by a special lighting fluid 'e. g. methylated. spirit, many methods have been tried,f o;r; instance, carbonic acid has been introduced into the tank, or air has been forced into it' with a pump, or the air inclosedin the tank above the combustible fluid has been.

heated, which air then expands, and with the vapors that possibly volatilize from the fluid combustible, cause an over-pressure in the tank by which the fluid combustible is forced into the burner. All stoves and illuminating apparatus hitherto exploited are however cumbered by several drawbacks. The worst of these drawbacks appears to be that due time must be allowed for the burner to be heated sufficiently by the lighting fluid before the combustible can be forced into the burner, as if this is done too early there is a most disagreeable smell from the apparatus in question. i

These drawbacks are obviated by this invention according to which -the necessary pressure in the tank is produced with the assistance of heat, the pressure not being permitted to force the fluid combustible from; the said tank into the burner until the latter i is sufliciently heated for the evaporation of Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 15, 1909.

Serial No. 496,281.

from the fluid combustible streaming from v the et. By the effect of the pressure on the fluid combustible being thus regulated, the apparatus lights automatically subsequent to the lighting fluid being lighted, and no time need be lost'for the servant in awaiting that moment when-previous to the lighting fluid being totally consumedthe burner has become sufliciently heated for the apparatus to work.

So as to produce effective and quick pressure in the tank, in accordance with this invention there it a special smaller receptacle or cup connected or inclosed within the tank but duly isolated or separated from the combustible fluid therein. In this small. receptacle or cupwhich not only owing to its being so contrived in relation to the other parts of the apparatus that it is more speedily and eflectively heated from the lighting fluid or from, the burner or the two together, either directly or by conduction and radiationsome substance, in'the following called pressure producing substance,

is introduced which by influence of the heat generated through the combustion of the lighting fluid, gives off gases or vapors that exercise the pressure necessary for forcing the fluid combustible into the burner. Suitable fluids for this purpose are e. g. petroleum, easily volatile hydrocarbons as gasolene, benzin and the like, spirit and others. The invention is shown in the accompany ing drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of one form of my invention. Fig. 2 is a like view of a modification. Fig. 3 is a like view of still another modification. Fig. 4 is a like view of yet another modification. Fig. 5 is a like view of another modification. Fig. 6 is a like view of still another modification.

In all these figures corresponding parts are designated by the sameletters.

a represents the tank for the combustible fluid,- b the burner, 0 the lighting cup, d the filling aperture for the fluid combustible, e the pipe, through which the combustible fluid is pressed up to the burner, f the bottom of the tank, 9 the receptacle for. receiving the pressure producing substance and k areservoir for the same. i

Patented Ap1z2, 1912. y

From the form represented in v1 it will be seen that the lighting cup 0 by means of the valve communicates with the annular reservoir or chamber h, which chamber, also by means of the same valve 2' may be put in communication with a pipe or duct 76, the lower mouth of which reaches almost to the bottom of the receptacle g which preferably is provided with double walls. The valve 2' is manipulated by a two-armed handlever 17., or other suitable contrivance. In the pipe 6 there is a valve Z that is kept pressed against its seat m either by its own weight or by aspring, or by the two.

The apparatus is manipulated and operates in the following way. Vhen the apparatus is to be lighted, the handle a is placed in that position indicated by the full drawn lines in Fig. 1, after which the lighting fluid, e. g. spirit, is poured into the cup. 0 until it is filled. The spirit now flows into the chamber or reservoir h. hen a suflicient quantity of, the lighting fluid has been supplied the communication between the lighting cup 0 and the chamber h is cut ofl by letting down the handle n to its lowest position (see the dotted lines) and the spirit in cup 0 is lighted. Hereby a small portion of the spirit flows from the chamber it through valve i and duct 7c down to the receptacle g. The lower mouth of the duct 72 is, however, soon closed by the lighting fluid, which collecting at the bottom of the receptacle 9 together with the pressure in the closed tank a hinders a further in-flow. The fluid burning in the cup 0 now heats as well the entire burner b as also the lighting fluid that is in the reservoir h and which in this case also is used as pressure producing substance. The vapors thereby generated in the reservoir 72,, owing to their pressure, fill the duct 70, bubble through the fluid in the receptacle 9, and fill up the space above the level of the fluid combustible in the tank a. This causes the combustible fluid, while opening the valve Z, to be forced up through the pipe 6 to the burner Z), which is by this time sufliciently heated for the evaporation of the combustible fluid rising therein. The gases or vapors of said fluid then stream outthrough the burner Z) and are lighted by the fluid, still burning, which remains of the quantity poured into the cup 0.

The stream of vapor having once caught fire, the heat produced by the combustion in the burner of the vaporize-d combustible fluid is suflicient to conduct the heat not only through the pipe 6 but also through the other adjacent metal portions to the igniting fluid that still remains in the reservoir it and in the receptacle 9 which lastmentioned quantity is heated lat-er, since it is farther from the source of heat than that contained in the reservoir h.

Should any desire be felt to increase the flame the handle a should be turned quickly to the upper position (indicated by full drawn lines in Fig. 1) and pressure producing fluid filled into the cup 0, when the fluid flows down into the reservoir 7L that is then shut off from the tank a, the handle a being thereupon quickly returned back to the lower dotted position, whereby the communication between the cup 0 and the reservoir h is interrupted and at the same time communication between the reservoir h and the receptacle g, or the space above the level of the combustible fluid in the tank a is opened. If, on the other hand, it be desirable to diminish the flame, it is simply necessary to place the handle a in the intermediate position indicated by the dotted lines and then return it to its previous position, when a portion of the vapors produced by pressure stream forth, which causes a decrease in the pressure in the tank a and a consequent diminution of the flame. In order to extinguish the jet it is simply necessary to open the valve 1', 27. 6. place and retain the handle a in the intermediate position just mentioned, when the over pressure of the apparatus is equalized and the combustible fluid ceases to flow to the burner. Instead of the igniting fluid, which is usually methylated spirit, any other substance, that gives off gases when heated, may be used as pressure producing substance.

The receptacle 9, as previously stated, is preferably provided with double walls (see Fig. 1) between which there is an empty space, that serves as isolation between the pressure producing substance contained in the receptacle 9 and the combustive fluid, for the purpose of preventing unnecessary heating of the combustive fuel and the cooling of the pressure producing substance.

If an oil be used of comparatively low flash-point as Russian petroleum, gasolene, mixtures of these, or any combination of very volatile and less volatile combustive oils, it is only necessary to introduce in the receptacle 9 a small quantity of the oil that at the time is to be used as the combustive fuel, whichis best and most easily accomplished by splashing in a portion thereof from the tank a over the edge of and into the receptacle g. This quantity is then heated quickly to such a degree that it gives off pressure producing vapors, without there being need of heating the entire quantity in the tank a. Should the apparatus solely be used for combustive oils of kinds mentioned, the receptacle 9, the valve 2' and the duct is may be eliminated and replaced by an ordinary exhaust valve (not shown) placed for instance in the lid of the filling aperture (Z, or on the upper side of the tank a (see Fig. 6).

Communication between the burner 7) and the tank a is cut ofl by valve Z until such time as the burner is sufliciently heated for the evaporation of the combustive fuel, but the loading valve must-be so loaded or adjust-- ed that the valve opens for the pressure generated before the fluid in the cup 0 is totally consumed. The load or charging of the valve may be changed or regulated in many ways, 6. g. by choosing the weight of the valve itself so that the valve opens for a less or greater pressure or by using a stronger or weaker spring, acting on said valve or by increasing or decreasing the tension of the spring acting on the valve. By arranging the lighting cup 0 in such a manner in relation to the receptacles containing the pres sure producing substance, that they are only heated secondarily, i. e. not directly from the lighting fluid, but by the conduction of heat from the burner, subsequent to its being heated by the lighting fluid, the valve Z,

or cutting-off contrivance between the burner and the tank a may be left out, wide for instance Fig. 5.

In the form of the invention shown in Fig. 2, the reservoir 71., and the receptacle g, the valve Z and the device for shutting off communication between h and 9, have been somewhat modified. Thus the reservoir h is in closable connection with the lighting cup 0 by an aperture which may be closed by a screw or a valve device p, and in connection with the tank a by a cock q.

Under the mouth of this cook the receptacle 9, is arranged which according to this form of the invention has been placed higher up on the pipe 6. and is formed with low edges. In this case the vessel 9 chiefly serves as a heating and evaporation surface for the fluid which drops on it from the cock q. The valve Z is connected with an elastic membrane r placed in the bottom of the tank a, this membrane tends to spring upward and thus presses the valve Z against its seat on. The etfect'of the pressure of-the membrane may be regulated in accordance with what is stated below in connection with those ar-' rangements shown in Fig. 3. p

In order to set the apparatus going, the

valve p is opened and the cock 9 kept closed;

igniting fluid is poured into the cup .0 whereby the reservoir h becomes filled. Thereupon the valve 79 is closed and the cock 9 opened, the fluid in the cup being then lighted. In orderto lessen the flame or put it out, both valves 39 and g are opened. In other respects the working and manipulation is the same as previously described" with regard to Fig. 1. I

Fig. 3 shows another modification of the reservoir 7& and the valve Z m From the top wall of the tank a there extends a sleeve t placed at a slight distance from the pipe 6 and surrounding the same-in such manner that a circular intermediate space is formed, corresponding to the duct is in Fig. 1, which space serves as a passage connection between the tank a and the reservoir mentioned circular space or passage 70 The cup 0 has in this case been placed in such a position that its upper edge is lower than the upper mouth of the circular duct 70 but higher than the duct or opening 8, by means of which the lighting cup 0 and the reservoir h communicate with each other. This opening 8 is closable by the valve p, by which the pressure in the apparatus, and thus the jet, may be regulated. By arrang ing the ducts 70 and s and upper edge of the cup 0 in manner stated in their relation 7 to each other, only a limited, previously de-' termined quantity of the pressure fluid is allowed access to the reservoir 7?, an arrangement which is of especial importance when the apparatus is to be handled by per sons to whose discretion the feed or introduction of the pressure fluid cannot be entrusted.

The closing arrangement between the burner and the tank in the form of the in vention represented in Fig. 3 consists of a valve seat m placed in the pipe 6 against which seat the valve Z is pressed by a spiral spring 10, supported by the projection 42 fastened to the said pipe. The rod of this valve is connected with a. link 00 which in its turn is in connection with the membrane 1'. This connection .is such that a certain free play or space exists between the various parts, so that when pressure arises in the tank (F, the membrane 1 can move a little without acting on valve Z When the pressure has risen sufliciently the membrane bellies out and, by means of the link a, it forces down the valve Z against the tension of the spring u. If the pressure be again lessened, the valve Z is again forced up against its seat m both in consequence of the pressure ofthe spring u and the distension of the membrane 1", since the aforesaid membrane, either by being given some special form, or by means of a special spring r is always striving to belly inward toward the valve seat m By regulating the tension of the spring last mentioned, or that of the membrane 7', the pressure at which the valve shall open may be regulated or determined. The membrane r may also be placed in some other manner e. g. on the upper side of the tank a as represented in Fig. 4. In this the aforesaid membrane supports not only the burner and appendant pipe 6 and lighting cup 0' but also the reservoir h The valve seat m is fixed in the lower mouth of the pipe 6 while valve Z is fastened to the bottom f of the tank a The lighting cup 0 is moreover separated from the reservoir 72., but in communication therewith by the opening .9 and tube 1, which may be closed by the valve 29 The tube y reaches almost to the bottom of the reservoir 725*. From this reservoir there is a' duct 76 leading to the tank a The upper mouth of this duct lies higher than the lower opening of the tube y. Thus a liquid check ensues which hinders pressure producing fluids from running into tank a through the duct 73 when the cap (Z is closed.

In Fig. 5 the reservoir 7L intended for receiving the pressure producing substance is placed around the pipe a and in this instance it is surrounded by a dome-shaped portion of the tank a which supports the burner and the pipe 0 and the lighting cup 0*. The reservoir h is provided with an inlet 8 which may beclosed by the screw 77 The reservoir h by this inlet is in closable communication with the lighting cup 0 the edge of which is lower than the upper mouth of the duct 71: by means of which the reservoir h and the tanka are in communication the one with the other.

In accordance with the form of the contrivance shown in Fig. 6 the pressure reservoir it is placed immediately aboxe the tank, surrounding the pipe 6 Above the reservoir 71/ is the lighting cup 0 into which a projecting portion of the aforesaid reservoir extends, said portion being provided with an opening 3 which may be closed by a screw 7). Communication is established between the reservoir 72. and the tank a through the opening which simultaneously serves as a seat m for the valve Z This valve arrangement Z m corresponds with, and is a substitute for, the valve ar rangements shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. The valve Z does not open until so great a pressure has been generated in the reservoir 7& that it has force to overcome the pressure of the spring acting on the aforesaid valve. The regulation and extinguishing of the flame is accomplished by the regulating valve 0. This form of the contrivance (as also that represented in Fig. 1) allows of the introduction of pressure-developing fluids into the reservoir 7L5 while the apparatus is alight, in order that the flame may be increased. which is done by opening the valve 79 The pressure in the tank a is hereby retained owing to the fact that the valve Z closing the opening k is closed by the action of the spring so soon as there is no pressure in the reservoir lbs. The action of this form of the contrivance as 2118) of those shown in Figs. 2-5 will be comprehended without further explanation from the description given concerning the form represented in Fig. 1.

Having now fully described and ascertained my invention and the manner in which it is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is 1. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tank of a burner in communication therewith, a receptacle communicating with said tank and adapted to contain a substance which is volatilized by heat to produce pressure within the tank, said receptacle being normally tree from communication with the atmosphere, said receptacle being connected to the burner by heat conducting material, whereby it will be heated thereby, and means for introducing the substance into said receptacle.

2. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tank of a burner in communication therewith, a receptacle communicating with said tank and adapted to contain a substance which is volatilized by heat to produce pressure within the tank, said receptacle being normally free from communication with the atmosphere, said receptacle being connected to the burner by heat conducting material, whereby it will be heated thereby, and means for introducing the substance into said receptacle, said means comprising an initial lighting device.

3. In a device 01": the class described, the combination with a tank of a burner in communication therewith, a receptacle communicating with said tank and adapted to contain a substance which is volatilized by heat to produce pressure within the tank, said receptacle being normally free from communication with the atmosphere, said receptacle being connected to the burner by heat conducting material, whereby it will be heated thereby, an initial lighting device operatively associated with said burner, and means for placing said initial lighting device in communication with said receptacle, the capacity of the initial lighting device being so proportioned that the combustible fluid will be evaporated within the burner while the initial lighting flame is still burning.

at. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tank of a wickless burner, a pipe communicating with said burner and extending into said tank, a receptacle supported by said pipe and communicating with said tank, said receptacle being adapted to contain a substance which is volatilized by heat to produce pressure within the tank, said receptacle being normally free from communication with the atmosphere, an initial lighting device operatively associated with said burner, and means for placing said initial lighting device in communication with said receptacle.

5. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tank of a wickless burner, a pipe communicating with said burner and extending into said tank, a receptacle supported by said pipe and communicating with said tank, said receptacle being adapted to contain a substance which is volatilized by heat to produce pressure within the tank, said receptacle being normally free from communication with the atmosphere, a second receptacle adapted to receive an igniting fluid, said second mentioned receptacle being positioned between said burner and said first mentioned receptacle, and means for placing said receptacles in communication with'one another.

6. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tank of a burner in communication therewith, a receptacle communicating with said tank and adapted to contain a substance which is volatilized by heat to produce pressure within the tank, said receptacle being normally free from communication with the atmosphere, said receptacle being connected to the burner by heat conducting material, whereby it will be heated thereby, an initial lighting device, means for placing said device in communi cation with said receptacle, and a pressure controlled valve for controlling the flow of the fluid from the tank to the burner.

7 In a device of the class described, the combination with a tank of a burner in communication therewith, a receptacle communicating with said tank and adapted to contain a substance which is volatilized by heat to produce pressure within the tank, said receptacle being normally free from communication with the atmosphere, said receptacle being connected to the burner by heat conducting material, whereby it will be heated thereby, an initial lighting device,

means for placing said device in communia cation with said receptacle, a valve for controlling the flow of the fluid from the tank to the burner, adn a membrane operatively connected to said valve and acted upon by the pressure in said tank.

8. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tank of a burner in communication therewith, a receptacle communicating with said tank and adapted to contain a substance which is volatilized by heat to produce pressure within the tank, said receptacle being normally free from communication with the atmosphere, said receptacle being connected to the burner by heat conducting material, whereby it will be heated thereby, an initial lighting device, means for placing said device in communication with said receptacle, a valve for controlling the flow of the fluid from the tank to the burner, and a membrane operatively connected to said valve and acted upon by the pressure in said tank, said membrane having a loose connection with the valve so that it may move a certain distance before actuating the valve.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses.

HANS ADOLF VON POST. Witnesses AUG. HAYDIN, A. PETTERSSON.

Copies of this patent niay be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, I). G.

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