US1020535A - Sectional valve for gas-engines. - Google Patents

Description

L. W. BRENNER. SBGTIONAL VALVE FOR GAS ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 26, 1911.

Patented Mar. 19, 1912.

wuwwl o n LUPU WILLIAM BRENNER, OF DAYTON, OHIO.

SEGTIONAL VALVE FOR GAS-ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar. 19, 1912.

1 Application filed May 26, 1911. Serial No. 629,639.

To all whom; it may concern:

Be it known that I, LUPU WILLIAM BREN- NER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sectional Valves for Gas-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to valves and particularly to sectional or duplex valves of the puppet or mushroom type, especially adapted for use as exhaust valves for explosive engines, but suitable for other general use for which valves of this type are usually employed. y

The object of the invention is to slmpllfy the structure as well as the means and mode of operation of such valves, whereby they will not only be cheapened in construction but will be more eflicient in use, easily operated, positive in their action and unlikely to get out of repair.

In explosive engine constructionit is desirable that the exhaust valve shall be of as great area as is permissible in order that the cylinder may be quickly and thoroughly cleared of burned gases. The increase in the area of the exhaust valve however necessitates a greater exertion to unseat the valve against the pressure of the gases within the cylinder and further the sudden release of a large volume of pent up gases results in a greater detonation.

One of the primary objects of the present invention is to reduce the strain upon the valve operating mechanism required to unseat the exhaust valve in gas engines against the existing pressure in the cylinder and the time of opening of the valve. While with the use of the construction hereinafter described the benefit of an exhaust port of large area is attained in displacing successive sections of the valve, it is necessary to overcome only a small portion of the pressure which it would be necessary to overcome if the valve was constructed as an integral body and the entire valve move at one time as in the present practice.

' Much difficulty has heretofore been experienced in the use of exhaust valves of large area through the tendency of such valves to warp due to the excessive heat of the burned gases until the valves seat themselves very imperfectly upon the valve seat thereby causing leakage. As is well known a ring or annular body will expand and contract through variations of temperature much more evenly than a disk or plate and such annular body will not possess the tendency to'warp or change its shape, under such conditions.

A further object of the invention is to provide a valve construction in which the opening of the valve will be gradual, thereby requiring less exertion to unseat the valve and by the unseating of the valve in successive sections, the burned gases will be permitted to escape gradually thereby reducing the detonation or explosion, while at the same time an outlet port of maximum area is afforded.

A further object of the invention is to embody a large portion of the valve member in an annular body, which will be less likely to warp or change its shape through the effect of the high temperature of the burned gases.

With the above primary. and other incidental objects in view as will more fully appear in the specifications, the invention consists of the features of construction, the

parts and combinations thereof, and the mode of operation or their equivalent as hereinafter described and set forth in the claims.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the assembled valve as applied to gas engines, showing the valve in closed position. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the annular valve section. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a modification of the valve lar valve sections. Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the valve construction shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detailed sectional view of the control devices of the multiple valve construc tion shown in Fig. 3.

Like parts are indicated by similar characters of reference throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings 1 is the wall of cylinder and 2 is the exhaust chamber of an explosive engine, which parts may be of any desired form and which have been shown in the drawings only in a general way in order to illustrate the application of the valve. The exhaust port leading from the cylinder is provided with a valve seat 3 upon which is seated a valve member 4 comprlsing an annular ringlike head having therein a central opening provided with a valve seat 5. The annular valve section 4 is provided with nected with the annular valve head 4 by means of radial arms in an obvious and well bar as is the usual construction.

known manner, but in the drawings this valve stem has been shown as PlOJQOtlIIg. downward from an extension 8 which forms a hemispherical chamber surrounding the central opening of the valve section 4 and which is provided with escape openings 9. The burned gases which escape from the cylinder through the central opening of the valve section 4 upon the unseating of the primary valve section as hereinafter y described, pass through the opening 9 to the exhaust chamber 2.. t.

Seated upon the valve seat 5 of the annular valve section 4 is a primary valve section 10 the'stem 11 of which extends through the tubular stem 6 of the valve member 4 'within which it is adapted to reciprocate thereby lifting the primary valve section 10 from its seat independent of the movement of the valve section 4. Adjacent to its lower extremity the valve stem 11 carries a collar 12 secured thereto in any suit-able manner and provided with two concentric grooves 1 forthe engagement of two helical springs as is clearly shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings. Interposed between the collar 12 and the lower extremity of the tubular valve stem 6 is helical spring 13 against the tension of which the valve stem 11 and the valve member 10 may be reciprocated upward independent of the valve section 4 and its tubular stem 6. There is also provided a helical spring 14 interposed between the collar 12 and a stationary abutment or as shown in the drawings the bearing sleeve 7 which spring serves to reseat both the valve sections 4 and 10 when such sections have been unseated.

Any suitable mechanism may be employed for reciprocating the valve stem 11 at.

proper intervals of time, there being shown in the drawings a rotarv cam 15, which engages the extremity of the valve stem 11, at each rotation presses the valve stem 11 upward against the tension of the springs 13 and 14, and unseats the primary valve section 10, from its seat 5 within the central opening of the annular valve section 4. On account of the comparative small area of the valve section 10 much less effort will be required to unseat the primary valve section 10 against the pressure of the gases within the cylinder, than if the valve sections 10 and 4 were combined into an integral memward reciprocation of the valve stem 11 and the valve head 10 by the action of the cam 15 presses both the springs 13 and 14 under tension. Upon the opening of the primary The up- 'to unseat the secondary valve section 4.

10 wh"ich on account of its smallarea reuires comparatively little eflort releases cylinder, and as the pressure within the cylinder decreases to a point where the tension of the helical spring 13 is suflicient to overcome the inertia of the annular valve section 4 combined with the remaining gas pressure within the cylinder, the said spring 13 by its expansion unseats the secondary valve section '4' pressing it upward independent df'the valve stem 11 and primary section 10 until its movement is limited by the engagement of the valve seat 5 within the annular opening of the secondary section 4 with the primary valve section 10. If

have not completed their full upward stroke under the influence of the cam 15, at the moment the helical spring 12 overcomes the resistance of the secondary valve section .4 and the remaining gases within the cylinder, the two valve sections 4 and 10 will continue their upward movement in unison with each tion 10 and its stem 11 have reached the limit of their stroke, before the tension of the spring 13 overcomes theresistance of the secondary valve section and the remainlimit the upward movement of the secondary section 4and there will be no further movement in unison. It is to be understood that the action of the compressed spring 13 in unseating the secondary valve section 4 willfollow very closely upon the unseating of the primary valve sect-ion 10. The release of the high tension gas pressure within the cylinder by the unseat-ing of the initial or primary valve section 10, which unseating act compresses the spring 13, and allows the said spring 13 to act almost immediately the interval of time between the unseating of the two valve sections 10 and 4 will be extremely small, thus while less efiort will be required to unseat the valve, the maximum area of the exhaust port will be almost instantly available. As before stated the re the valve section also compresses the helical 7, the tendency of the helical spring 14 is to return the valve sections 10 and 4 totheir seats when permitted to do so by the continued rotation of the cam 15 the further operation of such valve 0 crating mechanism may be employed. As efore stated the up- .ward or unseating movement of the secondary valve section 4 under the influence of the helical spring 13 is limited by the en- The unseating of the prlmary valve section t e excessive hi'gh gas pressure Within the ing gases, then the valve section 10 will only ciprocation of the valve stem 11 to unseat valve section '10 the tendency of the spring ,I 13 pla'cedunder compression thereby Wlll be ,the primary valve section 10 and its stem 11 other. However if the primary valve secv to unseat the secondary valve section 4, and

spring 14 against the stationary abutment gagement of the valve seat 5 with the primary valve section 10. Therefore the downward pressure exerted upon the collar 12 by the helical spring 14 servesto return both the valve sections 10 and 4 to normal position, the valve stem 11 drawing the head downward and it in turn carrying the secondary valve section 4 with it. The unseating of the valve section 10 and the consequent release of-the high pressure of burned gases within the cylinder, not only permits the valve section 4 to be subsequently unseated with little effort, but also permits the gradual dispersement of the burned gases, thereby materially reducing the detonation or explosion. While the combined valve sections 4 and 10 close the exhaust-port or comparatively large area, a large proportion of the valve is embodied in the annular valve section 4, which on account of its annular ring like form is permitted to expand and contract evenly in all directions, thereby avoiding the tendency of large valves to warp out of registry with their seats.

' In Figs. 3 and 4 there is shown a construction suitable for valves of extremely large area in which the valve is divided into a plurality of concentric sections. In this construction there is shown a central or primary valve member 16 seated in an annular ring secondary section 17, which in turn is provided with a valve seat in a second annular ring like section 18. The last mentioned annular valve section 18 is seated upon the valve seat 19 of the exhaust port. Each of the valve sections 17 and 18 are provided with telescopic tubular valve stems 20 and 21. The central or primary valve section 16 is provided with a stem 22 telescoping within the tubular stem 20. The action of the multiple section valve is similar to the duplex valve before described. The stem 22 of the primary valve 16 carries a collar 23 similar to the collar 12 employed in the construction employed in Fig. 1. A retracting spring 24 bears at one end upon the collar 23 and has its opposite end upon the fixed abutment 7. This spring 22 serves to retract simultaneously all the valve sect-ions when released by the valve actuating means. There are also provided about'the stem 22 a spring 25 bearing at one end upon the collar 23 and at its opposite end upon the valve stem 20 and a similar spring 26 also engaging the collar 23, and engaging at its opposite end the valve stem 21. The springs 25 and 26 are compressed by the movement of the primary valve members and by their expansion serve to unseat the subsequent sections 17 and 18. The valve sections 16, 17 and 18 are thus successively operated independent of each other. Upon the returh movement of the primary valve section 16 under the influence of the retracting spring 24 the valve section 16 engages the second section 17. which in turn engages the third section 18, thereby simultaneously closin the several sections of the valves throug the influence of the single retracting spring 24. In gas engine construction'while it is desirable to gradually open the port as before mentioned it is equally desirable the closure of the port shall occur instantly. This result is efi'ectually accomplished by the constructions herein before described. The primary section 16 will first be unseatcd and the annular section 17 being subsequently unseated in turn. It will be obvious that by the construction herein described an exhaust port of large area will be rendered available by the use of valve operating mechanism capable of overcoming only a,small proportion of the initial gas pressure upon the full valve surface, and that by the gradual reduction of the pressure of burned gases detonation will be materially decreased. It is further obvious that exhaust ports of large area may be valved by the herein described construction, and that the tendency of such large valves to warp will be obviated.

From the above description it will be apparent that there is thus produced a valve construction possessing the particular fea tures of advantage before enumerated as desirable, which while of large area is capable of being gradually opened with minimum effort, and which by the gradual reduction of the pressure of the burned gases, will reduce the detonation and which while of large area will on account of its peculiar form have but little tendency to warp.

It is obvious that the invention is susceptible of modification in its form, proportion, detail construction and arrangement of parts, without departingfrom the principle involved or sacrificing any of its advantages.

Having thus described my invention I claim:

1. In a valve construction, a valve seat, a valve member divided into sections, means for initially operating one of the valve sections independent of the other, a valve stem for said initial sect-ion, a collar carried by said valve stem, a retracting spring engaging said collar, a fixed abutment for said spring, a second spring also engaging the collar and engaging 'at its opposite end the second valve section, said second spring bemg compressed by the movement of the initial valve section and adapted by its expansion to move the second valve section, substantially as specified.

2. In a valve construction, a valve seat,- a valve member divided into sections, means for successively operating the valve sect-ions independent of each other, and a retracting spring common to all the sections adapted to simultaneously return the valve sections to the seat, substantially as specified.

- 3L In a valve construction, a valve seat, a valve member seated thereon, a tubular stem for said valve member, a second valve seat formed in the valve member, a second valve member engaging the seat in the first valve .valveimember' adapted to reciprocate said "stem to unseat 'thevalve, engaging means carried by the stem of the secondvalve member adapted to causethe reciprocation i of the, tubular stem of the first valve membar to unseat the first valve when the second valve has been shifted through a preliminary movement independent thereof, anda retracting spring placed under tension by the operation of said second valve and adapted to return the second valve upon its releaseto its original position, said first mentioned valve being returned to, closed position by the engagement of the second valve with said first valve, substantially as specified.

' .1 In a valve construction, a plurality of concentric valve members seated one upon "the other, and adapted to be independently operated, a stern upom the central valve member a s rin en a 'n means carried by said stem, a spring interposed between said spring means and each of the concentric valve members other than the said central member,'springs being placed under tension by the operation of the central valve member whereby the said springs will subsequently operate the remaining concentric valve members, and a retracting spring in-' terposed between said spring engaging means andv a fixed abutment adapted to simultaneously return all of said valve members to normal, substantially as specified.

5. In a valve construction, a valve seat, a

- valve member seated thereon, a tubular stem for said valve member, asecond valve seat formed in the valve member, a second valve member engaging the seat in the first valvemember, a valve stem for the second yalve member extending through the tubular stem placed under tension by the unseating of the second mentioned valve member adapted to simultaneously return both valve members to normal upon their release by the operatmg means. y

6. In-a valve construction, a valve seat, a

puppet valve seated thereon comprising aring like head and a tubular stem, a valve seat formed in the inner periphery of the ring like head, a uppet valve seated upon the last mentioned? valve seat and having a valve stem telescoping within the tubular valve stem ,of the first mentioned valve, valve operating means adapted to initially unseat the last mentioned valve and means to subsequently unseat the first mentioned valve, and a sin le retracting spring adapted to simultaneous y mal posit-ion.

7 In a valve construction, a valve seat, a puppet valve seated thereon and divided into sections, valve operating mechanism adapted to initially open the valve by unseating one section thereof, and a spring to complete the opening of the valve by unseating the remaining section, and a retracting spring actreturn bot-h valves to nor-' ing upon the initially operated valve section and serving to return both valve sections to normal by the engagement of the first section with the second section.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 20th day of MayA. D. 1911.

LUPU WILLIAM BRENNER.

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