US1016768A - Hydrostatic pump. - Google Patents

Description

P. D. PAGLIUGHI.

HYDROSTATIO PUMP.

' APPLICATION FILED MAY 9, 1908. 1,01 6,768.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

206 for Mzzifl igyZL'mkz L Patented Feb. 6, 1912.

F. D. PAGLIUCHI.

HYDROSTATIG PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 9, 1908.

1,016,768. I Patented Feb. 6, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

7/014132 1%Ziucki Al 7 P. D. PAGLIUUHI.

HYDROSTATIG PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 9, 1908.

1,016,768.- Patented Feb. 6, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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aim 6 6, fizz/en for why 1 ,y Q A UNITED sTATEs PATENT oFF oE.

FRANK D. PAGLIUCHI,

To all whom. it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK D. PAcLrUoHI, a subject of the King of Italy, residing at New York, in the county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrostatic Pumps, of which the following is a specification.

My present invention relates to improvements in pumps .of the character adapted for use in elevating liquids, and it has for its object primarily to provide an improved pump of this character wherein the liquid may be elevated by the expenditure of a certain amount of external power, the hydro static head of the liquid contained in the discharge column being substantially balanced so that a discharge of liquid from the I discharge column at each Working stroke of the pump may be accomplished efliciently. and with facility. Another object of the invention is to provide an improved pump of this character wherein the lower end of the discharge col umn is provided with branches which commumcate respectively with piston surfaces of difi'erent areas on. a pump element, the said branches being connected to the discharge column by means of anozzle or other appropriate union whereby the liquid passmg therethrough from one ofthe piston surfaces will avoid increasing the hydrostatic pressure of the column acting upon the liquid from the other branch.

A further object o fthe invention is to provide an improved pump of-this character which embodies a pair of columns, the hydrostatic head of one column substantially balancing that in the other, and-these columns are arranged to act alternately upon a pumping element which may be located at substantially the level of the liquid to be "pumped, these columnsbeing adapted to serve alternately as power mediums by means of .which the pumplng element is operated.

as liquid discharges and To these and other ends, the. invention consists n certain improvements, and combinations' and arrangements of parts; all 'as will be heremafter more fully described, the novel features being pointed" out par- Specification of Letters Patent,

or NEwYYoRK, N. Y.

HYDROSTATIC PUMP.

Patented Feb. 6, 1912.

Application filed May 9, 1908, Serial No. 431,884.

ticularly in the claims at the end of the specification.

In the accompanying drawing: Figure 1 represents a vertical section of a hydrostatic'pump constructed 'in accordance with I y present invention; Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing a double acting pump constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 3 is a detail View of the valve mechanism employed in connection with the pump shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view of a controlling valve for the pump shown in Fig. 2; and Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. l, the pumping element thereof being modified in order that the power.

and discharge .columns may both be of approximately the same length so as to enable the pumpingelement to be submerged, as

for instance, 1n amine, and the power 001- umn is accessible from the ground level.

Similar parts are designated by the same reference characters in the several views.

The accompanying drawings illustrate ments of the parts of the different pumps may be made in order to adapt them for use for instance in the pumping of water or liquid fromthe bottom of a well or mine, or'from the ground to the upper portlons of buildings or for any other purposes wherein it is necessary or desirable to elevate liquid through a considerable height.

In. that form of the invention shown in i Fig. 1 :the apparatus comprises generally aliquid discharge column 1 which may extend from the'bottom of a well or mine to the surface ofthe ground or a suitable distance above the same where it is provided with a discharge and a second liquid containing column 2 which may be ofappropnate height in'prop'ortion to that of the dis charge column. Any appropriate pumping mechanism may be employed wh 1ch 1s acted upon-by the hydrostatic pressure 1n these 55 it is generally preferable to extend the distwo columns, a cylinder 3 being shown in the present instance having heads 4 and 5 which close the opposite ends thereof, the lower end of the column 2 leading directly through the head 5 into the space at one end of the cylinder, and the head 4 being provided with a tubular extension which is proportionately smaller than the bore! of the cylinder 3 and provides a supplemental cylinder 6. A piston 7 is mounted to operate longitudinally of the larger cylinder and is packed with suitable washers or rings which will effect a fluid-tight fit between this piston and its cooperating cylinder. The piston 7 is provided with a relatively smaller rod which is also appropriately packed at its outer end to forma supplemental piston 8 which operates within the smaller cylinder 6. The outer end of the supplemental cylinder 6 is connected to the bottom of the discharge column by means of a coupling 9 which, in the present instance, is in the form of an elbow having a single up-turned passage which communicates with the bottom of the discharge column and a pair of branch passages 10 and 11, the passage 10- communicating with the outer face of the smaller piston 8 and leading at a suitable angle into the branch passage 11, this elbow with its branch passages serving in effect as a nozzle, the liquid vflowing through the branch passage 10 from the smaller piston acting in such a way as to avoid increasing the hydrostatic pressure of the column upon the liquid from the branch passage 11. The

branch passage 11 communicates by means of a pipe 12 to the discharge side of the larger piston 7, a check-valve 13 being connected in this pipe to permit a discharge of liquid from the larger cylinder into the discharge column and preventing a return flow of liquid from the discharge column into the larger cylinder. A suction pipe 14:

also enters the discharge side of the larger cylinder, it being provided with a non-return valve 15 whereby liquid is permitted to flow into the larger cylinder on one stroke of the piston thereof and such liquid is prevented from fldwing back into the suction pipe on the power stroke of said piston. The hydrostatic head of the column 2 acts upon the rear side of the relatively larger piston 7 while the hydrostatic head ofthe liquid in the column 1 acts upon the relatively smaller supplemental piston 8', and

charge pipe 1 a suitable distance in excess of the height of the column 2 that the additional hydrostatic head -thus attained will act with suflicient force upon the relatively smaller piston 8 to overcome the hydrostatic pressure of the column 2 and the piston friction and thereby automatically effect the return stroke of the pumping element. The

plunger, is-closed by a check-valve 17 the.

check-valve, however, being free to open upon the return stroke of the plunger. The purpose of providing this check-valve is to insure the presence of a body of air between the plunger and the top of the liquid contained in the column 2 so that the plunger is capable of an accelerating motion so, that a relatively high velocity is attained, which produces instantly a high pressure upon the liquid in said column. This plunger may be operated in any suitable way, such for instance, as by means of a fluid motor 18, and the upper end of the cylinder in which the plunger operates is open to the atmosphere in order to admit air to this plunger as may be necessary from time to time. By depressing the plunger, as above mentioned, the liquid in the column 2 is discharged into the relatively larger cylinder acting upon the large piston area therein and forcing the pumping element to the left. During this movement of the pumping element, the body of water previously supplied to the larger cylinder is discharged therefrom through the pipe 12; As the supplemental piston 8 so operates with the pumping element, it will discharge a volume of liquid through the branch passage 10- into the discharge column. The flow of liquid through the branch passage 10 through the supplemental piston will act to minimize the hydrostatic pressure of the column acting on the liquid from the branch passage 11 as such liquid flows into the discharge column. this action of the liquid in the passage 10 with respect to that in the passage 11, it is preferable to so adjust the size of the suction pipe or the opening in the valve thereof that a partial vacuum will be present in the charge of liquid so that the pumping In order to amplify element is capable of a preliminary movement that will start the flow of liquid in the passage 10 because of the movement of the supplemental piston 8 before the liquid in the passage 11 begins to move toward order to resume its 'stateof equilibrium, and during its descent, it will act upon the supplemental piston 8 to automatically efiect the return stroke, of the pumping element and thus draw a'newbody of water in the cylinder-to be discharged hereafter. a

In that form of the invention shown in Fig. 2, the pump embodies a pair of columns l and 2 which. are preferably substantially the same height, the lower ends of these columns being connected by the plunger couplings 9 and 9 to the supplemental cylinders 6 and 6 and the discharge pipes 12 and 12". The pumping element in the ciently to render the pump double-acting,

that is, capable of discharging a volume of water on each stroke thereof as distinguished from that: form shown "in Fig. 1 wherein the pump is single-acting, that is to say, it operates to discharge a volume ofwater on each alternate'or power'stroke. The

upper ends of the columns are provided withdlscharges 19 and 20, and above these dis-- charges are provided cylinders "in which operate the plungers 21 and 22, these plungers belng similar to that shown in Fig. 1.

In order to enable the descending movementsof these respective plungers to act upon the hydrostatic columns, suitable valve mechanism is provided which closes these discharges during the descending movements ottheir respective plungers, the discharges belng opened upon the return movements of said plungers. 'In the present instance, a gate valve 23 is pivoted upon a shaft 24 which in turn is journa-Ied in a valve casing 25, the latter having a port "26 which leads to the discharge, vertically-alined ports 27 and 28 which communicate respectively with the discharge column and the cylinder of the plunger above it, and the rear side of the casing may be provided with a removable plate 29 by means'of which access may be had to the valve within this casing- Surrounding the ports26 and 27 are valve seats 30 and 31, and the valve 23 is so mounted with respect to these valve seats that it isucapable ofalternately coiiperating ,with them. This valve is so operated that during the descending movement of its respect ve plunger,.it will be turned into a posltlon to engage the valve seat 30 and thus close the discharge port 26, and during the ascending movement of the plunger, this valve will be turned into a position to cooperate with the valve seat 31 and thus open the discharge port 26 and close the port 27 \which leads to the plunger. Any suitable means may be employed for appropriately operating the controlling valve of each column, the supporting shaft 24 of the valve being shown in the present instance as, provided at a point exterior to the casing with a pinion 32 which meshes with a relatively larger pinion 33, the latter having a smaller pinion 34 arranged to turn therewith and cooperatewith a reciprocating rack 35. This rack is normally acted upon by a spring 36 which tends to operate the valve 23 to close the port 27 and open the discharge port 26.

An arm 37 is mounted to reciprocate with the plunger, this arm being arranged to engage a stop 38 formed on a rod 39 as the plunger approaches the end of its upward stroke, and this rod is provided with a wedge or cam 40 which cotiperates with a roller or projection 41 on the end of the rack 35 and thus serves to operate the rack against the action of its spring and turn the valve into a position to close the discharge port 26. The rack 35 is provided with a locking notch 42 with which a spring operated pawl 43 engages when therack is retracted by the cam or wedge. Attached to this spring operated pawl is a releasing rod44 having a stop 45 thereon which is 7 arranged to be engaged .by the arm 37 as the latter descends, this arm pressmg upon lease the rack, and the latter under the action 'of its spring, will reset the valve 1n. a

discharge port 26. One of these plungers and its cooperating valve mechanism is provided for each column and it will be understood, of course, that one plunger descends while the other ascends, any suitable mechanism, such for instance as a walking-beam being provided for effecting the proper movements of these plungers. Assuming the plunger 21 to be on its descendingmovement, and the valve 23 as closingthe discharge port 26, the excess in hydrostatic pressure in the column 1 will act upon the position to close the port 27 and open the relatively small piston 8 thereby moving the pumping element to the right. During this movement of the pumping element, a charge of liquid is being drawn into. the rear side of the piston 7 through the suction pipe 14 while a charge of liquid in front of this pis'tonis' being discharged through the pipe 12 into the discharge column 2, the valve of the latter at this time being in such position as to permit a discharge of liquid from the discharge: pipe20, and the plunger 22, of course, at'this time is ascending.

the stop and thereby turning the pawl to re- Upon the next stroke of the pump, the operation, of course, will be reversed, that is to say, the plunger 22 will descend while the plunger 21 will ascend, the pumping element being reciprocated toward the left and causing a discharge of liquid from the left hand column.

y In Fig. 5, I have illustrated a hydrostatic pump which is so modified with respect to that shown in Fig. 1 as to adapt it for use in pumping water from mines and in similar instances wherein it is desirable that both liquid'containing columns should be of approximately the same length, or both extend to the ground level, the discharge column 45 being sufficiently greater in height with relation to the height of the column 46 as to produce the requisite overbalance in hydrostatic head to efiect the return strokes of the pumping element. The pumping element shown in this instance is similar to that shown in Fig. 1, the right hand end of the cylinder, however, being vented or open to the atmosphere, and the relatively larger piston 47 is provided with a pair of oppositely extending smaller pistons 48 and 49 which operate in the respective cylinders 50 and 51, the smaller cylinder 50 communi eating with the'discharge column 45* and the opposite cylinder being connected to the lower end of the column i6. These smaller pistons are preferably of the same area so that a substantial balance or equilibrium is maintained between the two columns.

Certain features of the apparatus disclosed in the present application are described and claimed in my prior application,

Serial No. 382,107 filed July 3, 1907 and,

hence, such'features are not claimed in this application.

I claim as my invention 1. A hydrostatic pump comprising a pair of cylinders of different diameters arranged in anal alinement, a pumping element embodylng a pair of pistons mounted to operate in the respective cylinders, a column to contain. a liquid which acts hydrostatically on the smaller piston, a discharge pipe leading from the discharge side of said larger piston into said column and having a nonreturn valve therein, a second column arranged to act hydrostatically on the pumping element and a valved plunger arranged to act on said second column to drive the pumping element on its discharging stroke and embodying means for maintaining an elastic body between such plunger and the top of the liquid in its respective column.

2. A hydrostatic pump comprising a liquid receiving and discharging cylinder having'a piston to operate therein, a relatively smaller cylinder arranged in axial alinement with the cylinder first mentioned,'a

piston connected to the piston first men f element on its discharging stroke through the medium of an elastic body.

3. A hydrostatic pump comprising a liquid receiving and discharging cylinder, a

pair of smaller cylinders arranged in alinement at the opposite ends of the cylinder first mentioned, a piston mounted to operate in the cylinder first mentioned and provided with oppositely extending stems which form relatively smaller pistons to operate in the corresponding cylinders, a pair of columns adapted to contain bodies of liquid which act hydrostatically on the respective smaller pistons, a valved plunger embodying means for maintaining an elastic body below it to act on one ofthe columns to produce an overbalance in hydrostatic pressure therein to drive the pistons in one direction, and a discharge pipe leading from the liquid receiving and discharging cylinder into one of said columns and provided with a non-return valve.

4. A hydrostatic pump comprising a relatively large central cylinder, a pair of relatively smaller supplemental cylinders arranged in alinement at opposite ends of the central cylinder, a pumping element having a relatively large piston mounted to operate in the central cylinder and having oppositely extending stems forming pistons which opcrate in the respective smaller cylinders, a pair of columns adapted to contain bodies of: liquid which act hydrostatically on the respectivesmaller pistons, a pair of discharge-pipes'leading from the opposite ends of the central cylinder into the respective columns and provided with non-return valves, and a pair of valved plungers to act alternately on the respective columns through interposed elastic mediums to reciprocate the pumping element alternately in opposite directions. a

5. A hydrostatic pump comprising a pair of columns adapted to contain bodies of liquid, a pumping element acted upon hydrostatically by said columns and having means for discharging liquid thereinto, an a pair of plungers mounted to operate upon the liquid in the respective columns and having means for automatically maintaining bodies of air between them and the liquid in the respective columns.

6. A hydrostatic pump comprising a pair of liquid containing columns, a reciprocatory pumping element arranged to be acted upon hydrostatically by said columns and having means for alternately discharging bodies of liquid into the respective columns, the upper portions of the column being provided with discharges, a pair of separate plungers mounted to act upon the respective columns'through interposedelastic mediums and having means for reciprocating them simultaneously in reverse directions, and

automatically operable valves for controlling the discharges of said columns according to the movements of the respective plungers. 1

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' FRANK D. PAGLIUCHIW Witnesses:

CHAS. S. HEYER, JAMES L. NORRIS, Jr.

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