US1016160A - Evaporating apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

P. KESTNER. EVAPORATING APPARATUS.

1 APPLICATION IILBD I AY 10, 1911.

Patented Jan. 30, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

P. .KESTNER.

EVAPOBATING APPARATUS.

- APPLIPATION FILED MAY 10I 1911.

1,016,160, Patented Jan. 30, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

/IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIl" UNITED I STATES-Y PATENT OFFICE.

PAU L KESTNER, OF'LILLE, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO KESTNER' EVAPORATOB COMPANY, OF PHILADELZPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA,- A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

EVAPOBATING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 30,1912.

Application filed May 10, 1911. Serial Nb..628,193.'

To all whom it may concern-:-

Be it known that I, PAUL Knsrnnn, a citizen of the Republic of France, and a resident of- Lille, Department Nord, Republic-of France, have invented certainlmprovements in Evaporating A paratus, of which'the following is a speci cation.

One object of my invention'is to rovide an efiicient and practical apparatus or carrying out the process descrlbed and claimed in my application for United States Patent No. 483,112, filed March 13, 1909; it bein especially desired to provide a multiple e fectevaporating apparatus by which it shall be possible to materially increase the extent to which the concentration of a given liquid may be safely carried, and thus reduce the quantity of water therein so as to finally deliver it in a condition substantially dry, or so nearly dry that it will solidify upon cooling.

Another object of the invention is to provide a combination of multiple efi'ect evaporating apparatus working under successively increasing vacua, with an effect operating under a pressure above the atmosphere and at a temperature above 100 (3., for the purpose of economically and safely carrying the concentration ofcertain liqulds to considerably higher points than have hitherto been considered safe.

I further desire to provide an evaporating apparatus of the general type heretofore referred to, with means whereby the highly concentrated material shall be caused to assume a dry or practically dry form at the time of or immediately after its delivery from the last effect: the various pieces of apparatus comprising my system being so connected as to permit of the attainment of a high efficiency, both as regards cost of operation and quantity of product.

These objects and other advantageous ends I secure as hereinafter set forth, reference beiilng had to the accompanying drawings, in w ich:-

Figure 1, illustrates, to some extent dia-- grammatically, a combination of apparatus arranged according to my invention, and Fig. 2, is a vertical section illustrating in detail a portion of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.

In the above drawings A, B' and G represent in a conventional way three multiple effeet pans-des gned to operate-under successlvely lncreaslng-vacua, and D represents a finaleffect or evaporating element for the treatment of the liquid delivered from the last ofthe three previously mentioned pans orelements,-this final effect being preferably pf the construction described and illustrated in-my application 560,086, filed May 7, 1910. q A pipe 4 is connected to the an A so as to conduct the-vapor generate therein to the heating-zone of the pan B and likewise a pipe fi is arranged to conduct the vapor generated in'the pan B to the heating zone of the pan-=0; a condenser being connected toreceive the vapor from this latter pan. The julce or liquid to be concentrated is forced from a source of supply by means of a pump 2 through a pipe 1 to the pan A; this being connected by a pi e 3 so as to deliver partially concentrate liquid to the pan B, which in turn is connected through a pipe -5 so as to be capable of delivering liqp id to the pan C.

ipes 7 s and 24 connect latter pan to the liquid-receiving chamber at of the film evaporating element D; there being usually a pump 7 connected in this conduit for forcing the liquid through the same and likewisea heater 9 for raising the temperature of said liquid prior to its introduction vertically elongated casing 20 having tube sheets 21 and 22 respectively at its top and bottom for the reception of two sets of substantially vertical tubes at and b; all of these tubes at their upper ends projecting into a chamber 23, while the tubes a at their lower ends communicate with a liquid receiving chamber at connected through a valved pipe 24 with the heater 9. The lower ends of the tubes 6 open into a chamber 25 for-the reception of concentrated liquid, and this has a vapor outlet pipe 13 whi h may be connected to deliver steam into the heating chamber .or zone of the first of the multiple effect pans A. This pipe may be also connected through a valve 12 with a steam supply pipe 11, so-that said pan A may be heated with live steam when necessary, and said steam pipe 11 is likewise connected to the casing 20 so as to supply steam for heating the tubes a and b,'the lower portion of said casing being connected through a pipe 10 with the heater 9 so as to deliver thereto the hot water and uncondensed steam which escape under operating through a pipe 26 with a casing 15, which through a pipe 16 communicates with any suitable condenser or exhausting apparatus whereby a high vacuum is maintained in it. This chamber has mounted within its lower portion a receiving pan 18 to prevent the material delivered from the pipe 26 from resting directly upon the bottom of said casing, and the latter is provided with a discharge pipe 19 through which may be drawn off any liquid forming therein.

In order to prevent the withdrawal through the exhaust pipe of the material discharged from the pipe 26, I provide a deflector 17 around the discharge end of said pipe, which efi'ectuallyprevents such an action.

Under operating conditions the liquid to be concentrated is forced by the, pump 2 through the pipe 1 to the first effect A and at the beginning this is heated by live steam delivered from the pipe 11. As above noted, the vapor generated in this pan passes through the pipe 4 to the pan 6 to which the liquid under treatment is'delivered after a certain amount of concentration, and from which it subsequently passes after a further concentration to the pan C. This latter is heated by the vapor from the pan B and a successively increasing vacuum and decreasing temperatures are maintained inthese various pans by means of the condenser 8, in the common and well understood manner.

Live steam being delivered from the pipe 11 to the heating chamber of the film evaporating element D, the partially concentrated liquid from the pan C is forced by the pump 7 through the pipe 7 and the heater 9 to the receiving chamber d of said elementfrom which it passes in film form up the tubes 11 into the chamber 23. The vapor from the evaporation occurring in these tubes, together with the concentrated liquid, then flows down the tubes 6 wherein it is again given a film form, as fully disclosed in my application heretofore mentioned, and is thereby evaporated to any desired extent, so that itis finally discharged into the chamber 25 either as a syrupy liquid or in the case of sugar juices, as amolten or semi-molten sugar.

It is "to be understood that in the element Dthe liquid under treatment is temporasuch rily exposed to relatively high temperatures which may reach to 130 G4, but with the particular construction of apparatus illustrated superheated liquid readily flows through the same in filiform layers, although itis to be noted that its time of transit is so short that in the-case of sugar containing liquids there is little or no crystallization permitted, and in no case is there any injury to the liquid under treatment. From the evaporating element D the highly concentrated liquid passes through the pipe 26 into the vacuum or expansion chamber 15, assuming on its delivery a spongy or vermicular form; while a great portion of the water still carried by the material at the time of its delivery to this chamber at the same time flashes into vapor which passes off through the pipe 16. i

The spongy material collecting in the pan 18 may be removed through a suitable opening and may be subsequently comminuted to form a light, flufiy powder capable of indefinite preservation and available for reforming the original liquid upon the addition of water. After the evaporting element D has been put in operation, the supply of live steam to the pan A may be cut off by means of the valve 12 and the steam from the chamber 25 be led through the pipe 13 to said pan, as-I have found that this latter steam may be advantageously used for this purpose.

The hot water and steam from the heating chamber of the element D, as before noted, may be utilized in the heater 9 to raise the temperature of the liquid from the low point at which it leaves the element 0 to such a'point as will p'ermit of its being rapidly superheated and efficiently evaporated in the desired manner in the element 1).. p

I claim 1. In an evaporating system, the combination of a plurality of evaporating elements working under increasing vacua; an evaporating element working under pressure; means connecting said elements to conduct concentrated liquid from the element of transferring concentrated liquid from the last of the evaporating elements to said 1ndepcndcntly heated evaporator; and means for transmittingAhe vapor generated in' liquid from the last of the eva orating elements to said inde endently eated evaporator; and means or transmitting the vapor evolved in said evaporator to the heating compartment of said first evaporating element.

In an evaporating apparatus, a plurality of evaporators connected in mult1p1e effect; an independently heated evaporator adapted to work under pressure; means for connecting said evaporator to receive liquid from the last of said multiple effect evaporators; a receiving chamber connected to the discharge outlet of said pressure evaporator, and means for producing a vacuum within said receiving chamber.

(3. An evaporating apparatus comprising a plurality of evaporating elements connected in multiple effect; an inde endently heated evaporator; connections t or transmitting vapor from said evaporator to the heating compartments of the evaporating element; and means, including a reheater, for transmitting concentrated liquid from the last evaporting element to said evaporator.

7. An evaporating apparatus comprising a plurality of evaporating elements connected in multiple effect; an independently heated evaporator of the film type; connections for transmitting vapor from said evaporator to the heating compartments of the first evaporating element; and means including a reheater for transmitting concentrated liquid from the last evaporating element to said evaporator.

8. In an evaporating apparatus a multiple effect evaporator; means for feeding liquid to the first effect of said evaporator; an independently heated efi'ect; means for transmitting vapor therefrom to the heating element of the first effect of the evaporator; means for conducting liquid from the last effect and introducing the same into said independently heated effect; said means including a pump and a heater; with a structure for receiving finished material from said independently heated effect.

9. In an evaporating system the combina-' tion of an evaporating element for concentrating liquid under vacuum; a second evapcrating elementconnected thereto for vcontinuing the concentration of the liquid under pressure; and an expansion chamber connected to receive the liquid delivered from said second evaporating element; with means for exhausting said chamber.

10. An evaporating s stem consisting of ,an evaporating elemen for concentrating .liquid under relatively low temperature; a

second evaporating element including means for continuing the concentration of the liquid at a relatively high temperature; means for connecting said two elements, including a device for raising the temperature of the liquid coming from the first element before it is delivered to the second element.

11. An evaporating system consisting of an evaporating element for concentrating liquid under relatively low temperature; a

second evaporating element including means for continuing the concentration of the liquid at a relatively high temperature; means for connecting said two elements, includinga heater for raising the temperature of the liquid from the first element before it is delivered to the second element; means for supplying steam to the second element; and means for connecting the heating compartments of said second element to the heater to permit of the passage of uncondensed steam and Water thereto from said heater.

system of a film evaporator; a casing con-- nected to receive liquid discharged from said evaporator; and means for'exhausting said casmg.

13. In an evaporating system the combination of an evaporating element including means for concentrating liquid delivered thereto; and a casing in connection with an exhaustin device arranged to receive liquid discharge from said evaporating element; wit-h a receiving pan mounted within the casing but spaced away from the bottom thereof.

14. In an evaporating system the combi nation of an evaporating element including means for concentrating liquid at a relatively hightemperature; means connected to said evaporatlng element for heating the liquid prior to its introduction thereto; a chamber connected to receive liquid discharged from said evaporating element; an expansion chamber receiving material from said first chamber; and means for exhausting the vapor from said expansion chamber.

15. The combination in an evaporatingsystem of an evaporating element including steam heating means; means for maintaining the pressure in said evaporating element below normal; a second evaporating element also having steam heating means and work-. ing under a pressure above the atmosphere; means for delivering the vapor generated in said latter evaporating element to the steam In testimony whereof, I have signed my heating means of the first evaporating elename to this specification, in the presence of 10 mentl; a 1sloiugze of live steamfcoililnected to two subscribing witnesses.

suppy t e eating means 0 t e second evaporating element; and means for connect- PAUL KESTNEIR' ing said source of live steam to the steam Witnesses:

heating means of the first evaporating HENRI GHAJRRIER,

element. LiioN PEOKKL'L.

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