US1013494A - Electromotor. - Google Patents

Description

B. F. HUTCHES, JR.

ELECTROMOTOR.

APPLIGATIQN FILED M1119, 1910.

1,013,494 'Patented t121112. 1912.

Fig. Z.

new and BENJAMIN r. nurcnrzs, Jn., or ALLENDALE, NEW JERSEY.

nnnc'rnonoron.

VSpeciflcation of Letters Patent.'

Patented Jan. 2, 1912.

Application led Hay 19, 1910. Serial No. 562,128.

To all 'whom 'it may concern:

lBe it known that I, BENJAMIN F.' Hufrorms, Jr., av citizen of the United States, residingat Allendale, county of BergenLState of New Jersey, have invented useful Improvements in Electromotors, of-which the following is a specification.

This invention relates 'to an electromotor of novel construction wnich is more par.; ticularly designed! to develop high Spower at a comparatively ,lowV purposefthe vibrations of the armature of an electromagnet are utilized to advance a suitably constructed 4wheel which in turn transmits motion tothe motor shaft .by means of an interposed spring, acting as a compensator.

The invention alsov comprises novel means for controlling' the velocity of the armature-vibrations and for breaking the circuit of the electromagnet in such a man-r ner that sparking is reduced to a minimum.

Finally my invention *includes A,means for preventing 'any overloading. of the electromotor byautomatically cutting-ott' the electric current in 'casethe load exceeds the power for which'the motor is intended, so that waste of electric energy is avoided, while overheating of the electromagnets is prevented. l

In the accompanying drawing: Figure 1 is a plan of my improved electromotor, Fig. 2 a vertical longitudinal section on lline 2 2, Fig. 1, Fig. 3 a rear view partlyA broken away of the motor, Fig. 4 a vertical section on line 4 4, Fig. 1, Fig. 5 a detail of the circuit-controlling spring, and Fig. 6 a wiring diagram. l I

The power shaft 10 of theelectromotor is journaled in a suitable frame 11 and.car ries a spring barrel 12 secured -to said shaft by a screw 13 or otherwise. barrel 12 and a lined collar 14, there is loosely mounted on shaft' 10 a ratchet wheel 15. To the hub 15@L ofwheel 15, is secured at 15b one end of a coiled spring 15c the other end of which is 'connected to barrel 12 at 15d. Ratchet wheel 15 is adapted to be` intermittently advanced by means of a pawl 16, while its. return movement is p re-y vented by a spring-influenced detent 17, pivoted to a standard 18 as at 19. 16 'is ulcrumed to a lever 2O pivoted at 21 to standard' 18 and carrying at its free end a magnetizable'armature v22. The heel speed. For this' Intermediate 23` of pawl 16 is engaged by a spring 24 which tends to hold said pawl inoperative engagement with ratchet` wheel 15. Below armature 22, there are mounted upon a suitablebase plate 25 a pair of electromagnets 26 which, when energized, will lower lever 20 together with pawl 16 to advance ratchet wheel 15 for the length of one tooth. Lever 20- is inluenced by a spring 27 which tends to maintain the lever Ain its raised' position.

Electromagnets 26 are intermittently energized lby means of an interrupter which is shown to consist of an insulating block 28 provided with a downwardly extending convtact' spring or tongue 29. Block 28 is secured toa spindle ,30 which is supportedby bearings 31 in such ay manner that it will maintain any position to which it has been set. Tongue 29 is adapted to engage a contact button 32 secured to an insulator 33, while the play of the spring may be regulated by .an adjusting screw 34. spring 29 engages button 32, an electric circuit is closed which energizes electromagnets 26 to attract armature V22. This arma- When I ture whiledescending, impinges against an inclined section or lower abutment 35 of block 28 so as to tilt the latter and swingA spring 29 away from button 32, thereby in# terrupting theY electric current previously l flowing through electromagnets 26. After/ the electromagnets have thus become de energized, spring 27 is free to raise le er 2O until it abuts against an adjusting s ev.1 36.` During the'last stage of its ascent, lever 2O engages 'a bent arm or upper abutment 37 extending 'upwardly from block 28, thereby slightly tilting the block and thus' returning contact spring 29 to the position. shown lin Fig. 2. In this way, elecvtromagnets 26 become again energized and the operation described will be repeated. It will be seen that by the above construction, the interrupter is forced todwell at the terminals of its oscillative .,mOVement, so that a proper and distinct energizing and denergizing of the electronragnets can take place. In order to regulate the speed of armature 22 during its upward movement, a dash pot or other brake may be provided. As shown, lever 20 is by link 38 connected to a piston 39 playing in a cylinder 40. During the descent of lever 20, air

'has .free access to cylinder 4() through a downwardly opening flap valve 41, whil' duringthe ascent of the lever, the air escapes through a vent 42, the area of which may be controlled by a regulating screw 43. By properly setting this screw, the 'speed and consequently ythe number of oscillations of armature 22 in a certain time may be regulated. f It.will be seen'that by the construction described,l the interrupter may beset to any desired speed while at the same-time sparking is reduced toa minimum. As abutment 35 is engaged onlyduring the last stage of the downward movement of the armature to' tilt block' 28, and-as furthermore the-length of spring 29 considerably exceeds the leverage of abutment 35, a quick and positive movement is imparted to the -springrwlien opening the circuit. ,In this way, any lingering of the contact spring oppositebutton 32 is prevented so that the formation of electric arcs .is obviated. Furthermore the electromagnetshave ample time to recover during the up'strokeof the armature so that.

upon their subsequent renergizing, a powerful impetus is imparted to the latter. By

interpolating the coiled spring 15c between ratchet wheel'15'andshaft 10, the energy d eveloped by armature 22 is partly lstored in saidspring so `that a uniform rotation of shaft 10 is obtained irrespective of the stepvlike movement of ratchet wheel 15. Spring 15c has lthe additional function of breaking the circuit in case-'the motor should become overloaded,` thus economizingV energy. For

this purpose,y barrel 12 is loosely encircled by Aa pairof. spaced rings or'contact members 44, 45 rigidly secured to aninsulating plate,

25 which is 1n Vturn secured to base plate 25. To. barrel.12 ,\the1.e is fastenedat46 a forked contact spring 47, having resilient legs 48, 49 that are arranged opposite rings 44, 45 respectively. Leg 48.is so bent as to be maintained in permanent contact withring A44, while leg 49 has thetendency to recede from ring 45.` In order to temporarily force leg 49 against ring 45 and thereby closethe electric circuit, there is interposed between the outermostconvolute of spring 15c and leg 49a spacing pin 50.- This'pin-is shown to be securedj'to" spring 15 and passes4 through a perforation 51 of barrel 12.- Ring 44 is by vwire 52 connected to one pole of a cillation of the armature is utilized for ro-.

tating shaft 10, whereby the speed of said y By properly dimensioning pin 50, the motor nately opening and closing Awill be wound around hub 15a of ratchet wheel v15, until finally pin 50 is retracted from leg 49 of spring 47. Leg 49 is thus free to recede from ring 45 thereby breaking the current previously iiowing through electromagnets 26. A'Ihe parts will remain in this inoperative` position until the load coupled to shaft 10 has been reduced, so that during the non-working of the device no current will How through thc same, thus economizing electric energy and preventing any undue heating of the electro-magnets.

may be set to any maximum load and if this loadfis exceededA the Amotor will be automatically arrested, while the energy previously stored in spring .15 will remain stored during the time the motor remains inoperative.

Although my improved means for alterthe circuit through electro-magnets 26 to oscillate their armature, and also the means for regulating theflspeed of such oscillations have been shown in connection with an electromotor, 1t is obvious that these means may also be appliedto other contrivances which depend upon the alternating closing and opening of electric lcircuits, such as sparkersfor automobiles, coherers for wireless telegraphy,

fand similar devices.

engagedv by the armature, and a fixed contact adapted to contact.

2. In a device of the character described, an electromagnet, a spring-influenced armature controlled thereby, an oscillative contact-spring, an upper abutment and a lower abutment 'secured thereto, both of said abutments being adapted to be .engaged by the armature, and a fixed contact adapted to be engaged by the contact-spring.

3. In a device of the character described, an electromagnet, an armaturel controlled thereby, a pivoted insulating block having a lower abutment and an upper abutment, both of said abutments being adapted to be engaged by the armature, a tongue depending from the block, and a contact and an engaged by the movable' ,adjusting screw adapted to be alternately 'engaged by the tongue.

4. In a device of the character described,

alternately engaged by the tongue.

a frame, an electromagnet, an armature controlled thereby, a spindle hung in the frame, an insulating block carried by said spindle and having a llovver abutment andan upper abutment, both of said abutments being adapted to be engaged by the armature, a.

tongue depending from the block, and a contact and an adjusting screw adapted to be Y 5. ln a device ci the character described,

a barrel, a coiled spring, inclosed therein, a'

pair ofconductive rings encircling the barrel, and means controlled bythe spring for' establishing and interrupting electric communication between said rings.

6. In a device of the character described,

a barrel, a coiledspring inclosed therein, a

a barrel, a coiledirst spring' iuclosed therei in, a pair of `conductive rings encircling 'the barrel, a second spring secured to the barrel and havinga pair of legs Which are adapted to engage the rings, and ajpin ,adapted to'-y operatively. connect th'ecoil'lued spring Withl y one of said legs?.

BENJAMIN F. HUTCHES, JR..y Witnesses: l

FRANK v. BRIESEN,

ARTHUR E. ZUMPE.

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