US1012669A - Electric-heating apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

H. L'Q'F UIST. ELECTRIC HEATING APPARATUS.

2 SHEETSSHEET l.

' Patented Dec. 26, 1911.

APPLICATION TILED MARJA, 1910.

INVENTQR.

H. L'O'P UIsT. ELECTRIC HEATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 4, 1910 2 sngmswnnm 2.

K 0 NW E NTOR 4' 2 E PB I I An} 55 ,H w n /g2) Z5? 2% g 22;?

Patented Dec. 26, 1911.

W I N E55 ES rfi fi wawazm gunman. LoFQUIs r, or s'iocxnonm, SWEDEN.

.ruaawhmam wmm;

Be it known that I, HJALHAR Lorouis'r, subject of'the King. of Sweden, residing at .t 43 Artillerigatau, Stockholm,- Sweden, have 5 invented newand useful Improvementsin.

' Electric-Heating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to electric I fheatin'g' apparatus, and has for its objectto vprovide such an apparatus, which will communicate a more even and comfortable heat to the rooms, in which it is placed, and; which in the same time will utilize the elec tric energy supplied in a moreeconomical way than heretofore. Foraccomplishing the said objects, the apparatus is so constructed, that the heating coils are inclosd in a special casing, the walls of which are 'madeof steatite (soap-stone),and als o provided'with a device operated by;a contact thermometer for automatically breaking the jcurrent as soon as a-certain desired temperature'is obtained inzthe apparatus or stove. In a prefferredl-form of the apparatus, the heating coilsiaregal'so wound on coresaof steatite,

fthismateri'al being known also as a good electric insulator; Ithas also been proved byactual tests, that the steatite issuperior to mostother. materials concerning its ca- 80 pacityof storing large-quantities of-"heat and sl'qwly'deliverin the 'same'. For in stance, the said steatlte or soap-stone will kep the heat for about twice'the time as ordinary fire-brick. The circuit breaking device operated by the contact thermometeris preferably of such a design," that it will continue'to k'ee the circuit broken after breaking it, unti the same circuit is again closed by hand. In the accompanying drawing, an electric heating apparatus embodying the invention is illustrat Figure 1 shows the" apparatus in a. rear.

view, partly section,-F1g. 2"the sanle in a plan view-with part of the top piece broken .away, Fig.;3 thesaid apparatusin'a side. view and Fig. 4 a diagram: of connections.

In the example shown thefcasingo'f the apparatus .comprises'a bottom piece 1, rest- 5 ing on wheels or rollers *2, four side walls 3, made in two .pieces'each, and-a to piece 4,

connected to the b'ottom piece 1 y .means of'clamping screws-5. The pieces 1, 3- and i are all made of-steatite (soapstone) and providedat the joints with-ribs 6 engaging grooves in the adjacent parts. Thejoints nLncrnrc-nnnrme nrrimarus.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed lil'arcli 4,1910, Se'rial No. 547,381.

Patented nect zfiyieii.

between the upper and lowe partsoffthe side walls-are preferably, but not 114206 sar ly, covered by a binding metal rim 7, which maybeprovided with handles 8. so

The bottom piece 1 is provided with shallow recess'es,'in the example shown six in number, for the insertion of a correspondmg number of steatite cores 9 for the heat-' ing resistance coils 10. The said cores are .65

provided with spiral grooves 11 for the coils and preferably somewhat tapered upward so as to'prevent the'deformation or falling down of the wire'constituting the coil, even when the'same is elongated by the action-.70 of heat. At their'upper ends, the .co'res.9 I engage recesse's in asteatite -slab 12 for the purpose of keeping the cores in place, which is placed at some distance fromthe top iece 4 for leaving spaces forsignal lamps ere- 7-5 after referredtoandalso has comparatively narrow clearances aces between itself and the side walls 3. Rt least two of the-said f side. walls are provided, near their upperand lower edges, withholes or ports-l3ffor thefcirculat-ion of airthrough the apparatus] Between the slab 12 and the top piece 4 are inserted a pair of small incandescent 1am s 14 secured to the former and connected in parallel totheche ating resistance wires for 8a indicating when current is flowing through the latter.- j

The device for automatically-breakingthe current when a certain predetermined tom-- pe'rature is reached in the' apparatus' comf prises a contact thermometergfmmd a Iner- .cury:circuit-breakerv comprisln 'a coil :16 ,and an armature17 carrying a glass-tube l8 containingmercury 19 and providedwith contact wires 20. .The tubel8=is by igravity' normally held in'suq ap6sition,.thatthe mercury.;w-ill1 cover the ends of both the contact wires 20, but when the coil 16' is energized, it will lift the armature-together "with the glass-tube to the position shown in Ifig. 1, in'LWIiichQactiQn the coil may, if-des1red,, be'.assisted bya spring "21.- In the "last -me n'tioned, elevated position of the glass-tube, the mercury covers only one of the contact wires. 20. This position of the armature'li' andxthe glass-tube 18 is then maintained by'means-of a latch 22 engaging beneath a projection 23 of the armature 17.

The downward movement of the projection a 23 is possible by reason of the fact that'the 11cc lower surface of. the latch 22 is tapered-or rounded off, 'from which it will be undera spindle 25 against the action of springs 26, 27 so as to release the armature 17, which will then drop together with the tube 18 to its normal position.

"The electrical connections between the different parts of the apparatus are clearly shown in Fig. 4:. From the positive main 28 the current passes through the one pole ofthe: contact plug 29 (shown also in Figs. 1 and 2) to the main switch 30 (Figs. 1, a).

'20- Behind this switch it is divided into two portions, the greater or main portion passing to the heating apparatus proper, where it is again divided into a main portion through the heating coils 10 and a smaller portion through the lamps 14. After passing through the coils and lamps these two current portions-are again united to flow through the contactwires 20 and the mercury 19 of the circuit breaker and then through the other pole of the contact plug 29 to the negative main 3 The smaller portion of current branched o'ii immedi-. ately behind the switch '30 traverses a shu t resistance coil 32 and then joins the. 35 main current before thelatter again reaches the two-pole plug 29. From a certain-. part of'the .-'coil 32 a current is branched on", which passes through the contact thermometer l5 and the coil 16 and is joined again 40 to'the main current before the latter has passed the circuit-breaking tube 17, so that the current through the coil 16 is broken simultaneously with the main current. The upper contact wire of the thermometer 15 is placed at aheight corresponding to the highest temperature allowed in the apparatus. When this temperature'is reached, the mercury of the thermometer closes the current throughthe coil 16, which will attract its armature, so that the mercury of the tube 17 leaves o i1e of the contact wires 20. Thus, the main current is broken, and the apparatus is left' to cool slowly, communicating a comfortable heat to the surrounding' room. As theicurrent through the coil f 16 is simultaneously broken, the armature would, however,] drop again, if

' the-latch 22 had not been; ngagedbeneath the projection 23L' .No"w,, armature will remaih in itsuppen; ciroui -brea'king position, until it released by hand, for ifn stance when the oo'mrequires to be hea d again.

The

hematite- &5 is provided, in

66 preferred construction, with comparatively wide contact bands 33 connected to the wires, which make "contact with the mercury column of the thermometer. These bands are adapted to make good contact against outer bands 34 secured .to' the wall of the apparatus, when the thermometer is put in place. Hereby the" thermometer is also made easily interchangeable if less or more heat is wanted. The switch 30, the.

resistance coil 32 and thecircuit-breaking device are arranged in different compart-.

ments of a box 35 secured to the rear side of the heating apparatus and provided with a cover 36 (not shown in Fig. 1) for facilitating the movement of thecomplete stove from one room or place to another. The connections between the box 35 and the stove or apparatus proper are effected by means of flexible two- wire conductors 37,38.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention, and in ,what manner the same is ,to be performed"l ,declare that what I claim is 1. An {heating apparatus to rooms, coifip'rising heating resistance e ments, w'a s of steatite surrounding said elements," said walls being provided with-j,

holes for-the 'circulation of air throughthe apparatus contact thermometer inside said walls, aci icuit-breaking device operated by said contact thermometer so as to break the" current, through the heating resistance elements when the temperature in the apparatus has reached a predeterminedjj degree,

and latch means for keeping said"circu1t-.'

breaker device in breaking position until restored to closing position by hand.

2. An "electric heating apparatus for rooms, comprising heating resistance ele ments, walls of steatite surrounding said elements, said walls being provided .with

holes for the circulation of 'air through-the apparatus a contact thermometer with surrounding contact bands connected to the contacts or wires opcratedby the mercury column, said contact bands being adapted to slide into outer bandseor contacts arranged inside said steatite walls, said outer bands or contacts being connected to the beating resistance elements and to a circuit-break-- ing device, and latch means for keeping said circuit-breaking device in breaking position untilv restored to closing position. by hand. i

3. An electric heating apparatus I for rooms, comprising heating resistance ele- I current through the heating resistance elements when the temperature in the apparatus has reached a predetermined degree,

spindle for moving the lever so as to cause said devicegomprising a coil and an arinaname to this specification in the presence of ture carrying. contacts, a lever With a latch two subscribing witnesses.

catching the end of said armature when I attracted by the coil, and a spring-actuated 'R Y Witnesses BIRGER NORDFELDT, HEDWIG MELINDER.

the latch to re1ea ethe armature.

In testimonyj'whereof I have signed my

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