US1012004A - Hydraulic-elevator plant. - Google Patents

Description

C. 0. PBARSON.

HYDRAULIC ELBVATOR PLANT.

APPLIUATION FILED 11011.23. 190s.

anented Dec. 19, 1911.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1 Tb Ui C. 0. PBARSN.

HYDRAUL BLEVATOR PLANT.

APPLICATION FILED Nov` 23, 1908.

Patented Dec. 1'9, 1911.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2,

U. 0. PBARSON.

HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR PLANT.

APPLIGATION FILED Nov.23,19oa.

Patented Dec. 19, 1911.

5 SHEETSSHEET 3 s L l'o .TI N

0. 0. PEARSON.

HYDRAULG ELBVATGR PLANT.

APPLIGATEON FILED 11011.23. 19119.`

Patented Deo. 19, 1911.

5 SHEETS UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES 0. PEARSON, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOB. TO OTIS ELEVATOB COMPANY, 0F JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

HYDRAULIC-ELEVATOR PLANT.

4Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 19, 1911.

To all 'whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, CHARLES O. PEAnsoN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the borough of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings, city and State of New York, United States of America, have invented certain new and useful -Improvements in Hydraulic- Elevator Plants, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to elevators which are run by hydraulic or other fluid pressure, and its object is to provide an installation of apparatus of this kind which shall have advantages over those heretofore known in the art.

I'will describe my invention in the following specification and point out the novel features thereof in the appended claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, of an elevator installation madeV according to my invention. The elevator pro er in this figure is drawn on a smaller relative scale than the other parts of the apparatus. Fig. 2 is a lan view of the pumping apparatus, with its cover broken away, toget er with the elevator valve, and a part of the driving engine. In Fi 3 I have shown in sectional side elevation t e elevator valve and some of its connected parts, and in Fig. 4 the upper portion of this valve is shown in sectional end elevation. Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the elevator valve and some of its connected parts. 6 is a sectional end elevation of the pum lng apparatus with the elevator valve in icated in dotted lines to show its relative position to the other parts. VThis section is taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 7. Fig. 7 is a .sectionalY side elevation of the pumpin apparatus, vand Fig. 8 a similar view o a part of the pump-regulating mechanism, the sections in these figures be ing taken on the lines 7-7 and 8 8, respectively, of Fig. 6. In'Fig. 9 I have shown in side elevation an elevator installation made according to a modification of my inven tion. In this figure the car and a part of the elevator proper are drawn in section. Fig. 10 is a sectional end Velevation of the form of pumping apparatus which is shown in Fig. 9. The section in this figure is taken on the line X-'X of Fig. 11, and the position of the elevator valve is indicated in dotted lines. Fig. 11 shows this pumping apparatus and the elevator valve in plan view with the pumping apparatus shown in section on the line Y-Y of Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is a plan view of a portion of the pumping apparatus.

Like characters of reference designate corresponding parts in all of the figures.

I have shown this invention in combination with an elevator of the plunger type, of which 10 designates the car which is arranged to be run over guides 1l. L 12 is the plun er to the upper end of which a car is attac ied. This plunger is extended downward through a stuiing box 13 into a cylinder 14, to which a supply and exhaust pipe 15 is connected. These parts are well-known and need no further description.

2O designates a prime mover for supplyin motive power to the elevator which, in this case, is 'shown as a four-cylinder fourcycle gasolene engine,

21 is a gasolene supply pipe leading from a supply tank, not shown, to a carburetor 22.

23 1s the supply or intake pipe of the engine leading from the carburetor.

24 is a circulating pump drivenvby the engine and arranged to force water through a pipe 25 to the cooling jacket of the engine. 26 is the return pipe for this water which may be connected to the suction end' of the pump at 27. l Y

28 is a fan belt-driven by the engine, `which fan may also be provided for cooling the engine by forcing a current of air over a portion of its parts.

29 is a spark-timer ratus of the en ine.

30"is a shatgt directly coupled with the for the ignition appaengine shaft and arranged to drive thepumping apparatus. y

31 is a casing which'surrounds the pumping apparatus and supports certain parts thereof. The lowery part of this casing forms a reservoir 32 for water or other suitable iuid and is closed at the bottom by a part which forms a pressure chamber 33.

34 designatesone of the pump cylinders. Four of these are shown as thls is a referred number, but I do not wish to limit myself in any way to this or any other numhei' of e linders. Their driving eccentries are equall spaced about the rshaft 30 so .as to cause tlie pump to have as steady a discharge as practicable. As these pump cylinders and their associated parts are substantially alike in construction, I will describe these parts in conjunction with but one of them. 35 is an outlet valve between the reservoir 32 and the bottom of this cylinder.

36 is an outlet valve between the bottom of the cylinder and the pressure chamber 37 is a piston, and 38 its piston-rod which is verticallyA guided by a bearing 39. The upper end of this rod is connected with or is constructed to form a slidable cross-head block 40. This slidable crosshead block is fitted into a groove within a segmental adjusting member 41 which is supported upon and actuated by the shaft 30 in the peculiar manner which I will now point out. One of its ends is connected by a rod 42 with a collar 43 which is concentrically disposed upon the shaft. Its other end is connected by a rod 44 with a collar 45, which collar is eecentrically mounted upon the shaft 30.

When the parts are in the positions in which they "are shown in Fig. 6, one end of the member 41 will be reci rocated from its position shown by the ful lines to that indicated by the dotted lines b the eccentric collar 45, but no movement wi l be imparted to the piston 37. When the segmental adjusting member `is rotated about the shaft 30 this reciprocatory movement-is imparted to the piston 37 in an increasing amount until the full stroke of the eccentric 45 is applied to the piston, which be the case when the rod 44 is directly above the piston rod 38. The length of the piston,stroke may therefore be varied any desired amount from zero to the eccentrieity of the collar 45.

46 is a regulating shaft which 'is cut up into sections and upon which are a series of disks 47. These disks are joined together by pins 48, each of which is connected by a link 49 with 'one` of the segmental adjusting members 41. It may be seen that the positions of all of the members 41--and consequently the length of stroke of the pump pistons-may be varied at will by rotating this shaft 46.

50 is an elevator valve which is arranged to be manually operated from the car 10 by any desired means, such, for example, as a simple hand-rope 16 running through the car within reach of an o erator, and ailixed to a valve sheave 51 whic is fastened to the end of a shaft 52. 17 is a guiding sheave for this hand-rope. The shaft 52 is in alinement with the regulating shaft 46 and is directly connected therewith so that 'the regulation,y before mentioned, of the pumping apparatus may be effected by means of the hand-rope 16. A gear 53 which is keyed to the shaft |52 is in mesh with a toothed rack 54. This rack is upon the upper end of the piston rod 55 of the valve or is a continuation thereof. The valve cylinder is designated by 56, and 57, 58 and 59 are three pistons within this cylinder,rigidly mounted upon the piston rod 55.

60 designates a supply tank which is connected with the pump reservoir 32 by means of 'a pipe 61.

62 is a pipe connecting the pressure tank 33 of the pump with the valve cylinder 56 at a ort which is between pistons 58 and 59, wlien the valve is closed.

63is a pipe from the elevator valve at a port between the pistons 57 and 58 to the pump reservoir 32.

The engine 2O is started when the elevator valve 50 is in its central or closed position. There will then be no load on the engine as the position of the regulating shaft will be such as to prevent movement of the pump pistons, so that the only Work the engine will be called u on to perform will be the movement of t e ,adjusting members 41. The en ine may, therefore, be started easily and Wi l continue to run with the consumptionof but little fuel. It may be provided with any of the well-known speed-regulating devices so that it will run at a substantially constant rate of speed. Now, if it is desired to run the elevator-car upward the operator will pull the rope 16 downward. This will cause the piston rod 55 to be raised to open a passage between the pipes 62 and 15, and at the same time will rotate the regulating shaft 46 an amount proportional, to the amount which the rope 16 has been moved. By means of the mechanism which I have described this will cause the pump pistons 37 to be reciprocated by the engine through a desired length of stroke, and this will cause the water from the reservoir 32 to be pumped into the pressure chamber 33 and, t rough thevalve 50,'into theelevator cylinder 14 under ressure. This ressure, acting upon the p unger 12, will orce the car up until the valve 50 is closed. An important feature of this arrangement is that the pressure, acting upon the elevator plunger, may be varied at will to suit the requirements of load and speed. This is because the operator may open the elevator valve and may shift the link mechanism of the pumping apparatus but a little. The effect of this will be to cause the engine to reciprocate the pump pistons through a short path, but under a great leverage, so

vthat but little fluid will be pumped, but the pressure iven to that little may be very eat. T e result will be that a very heavy oad, limited only by they strength of the parts of the apparatus, may be lifted upon the car at a slow speed. With a lighter load the speed may be increased by increasing the f when t e Lthe valve length of the pump ston stroke until the Huid is delivered tot e elevator at the full capacit of the pump. It isevident that operator pulls the rope 16 to close 5 0, the car,will stop, and that at the same time the pump actuating mechanism will be returned to its initial position to take the load oil' the engine. When it is desired to run the car down the operation is somewhat different, In such a case the hand-rope `is Vpulled upto lower the valve pistons so that the pipe 15 is connected through pipe 63 with the pump reservoir. The water in cylinder 14 may then flow back into the reservoir and the supply tank 60 and allow the car to descend. The speed at which the car will descend depends upon `the amount that the elevator valve 50is opened. Y

As the pumping apparatus need not be brought intoV action during the downward movement of the car,I have arranged the parts in the manner shown in Fig. 6 to accomplish this result. When the pistons in the valve 50 are in their central position as' shown in this ligure, the ,pins 48 are above an imaginary line drawn between the axis of the regulating Shaft 46 and the point at which the connecting rods 49 are connected with the segmentalregulating members 41. This makes it possible to rotate the disks 4 7 until the pins 48 have assumed the position shown by dotted lines at 48", without shift ing the pump link mechanism enough to cause the pump to be actuated. But-this movement of the gear 53 is enough to move the piston 58 away from the port to which the pipe 15 is connccted,.and is therefore enough to allow the elevator to run down -at full speed.

l have above described a manner in which my invention may be carried out by the use of an internal combustion engine and a reciprocatory pump. Other types of apparatus may be used if desired. In the modification shown in Fig. 9 an electric motor 70 is shown as the prime mover with a rotary pumping apparatus connected therewith. The motorV may be driven by energy from the mains 71 from a suitable sourceof supply. A switch 72 may be arranged to close oropcn the motor circuit. 73 is the motor shaft which is directly coupled With a pump shaft 74 as shown. The pumping apparatus is 'ng 75 which also supports incloscrl by a cas] some of its parts. Th'ls cas1ng l1s built up of a number of pieces which form a plurality of chambers. Une of these, designated iu the drawings by 7G, forms a reservoir and is connected with the supply tank G0 by the pipe (il, and with the elevator valve 50 by the pipe G3. Another chamber 77 forms a pressure tank and is connected with the elevator valve by the pipe 62. The central portion of the casing is built up of sections,

` ranged to euch of which forms a chamber 80 intermediate the reservoir and the. rassure tank. `Each`of Athese intermediate c ambers communicates with the pressure chamber 77 through aseparate passage' controlled by check-valves 78 which are seated by springs and are provided with re closely against the sides thereof is a 81 which 1s keyed to the shaft 74. A similar Within each of the chamgear 82 is provided bers 80. These gears are loosel upon a shaft 83 and are in mesh gears 81. All of the gears 81, 82 are ar- `fit closely against the sides of their respective chambers and against `the top and bottom of the casing, which is designed to conform with a portion of the peripherie-s of these gears At one side of each of the chambers 80 a passage 84 is provided. '85 designates .ports from this lpassage into the left-hand side of the chambers 80 as viewed in lar ports from the right-hand side of the chambers 8() into the passa es 84. 87 designates a piston valve contro ling that passage 84 and its ports which Vcommunicate with the right-hand chamber 80 as shown in Fig. 11, or that which is nearest the engine 20. lt is connected by a rod 88 with a pair of the disks 47, by means of which it is eccentrically connected with the regulating shaft Similar piston valves controllingthe pistons and ports to the other gear chambers are provided and are connected by rods similar to 88 with the controlling or regulating shaft 46 by means of disks similar to t'hose above pointed nut which, with the connecting pins 48 which pass through connecting rods. form a lcontinuation of this regulating shaft. The piston valves and their connections are set at diiierent relative positions seen from the drawings; The

mounted motor at a practically constant 'rate of speed. The gears 81 and 82 may be rotated in the directions indicated bythe arrows in Fig. 10. The result will be that the water or other fluid which surrounds these gears will be circulated from the left-hund side of the chambers 80 to the right-hand side over the tops of gears 81 and under the bottoms of gears 82. and back through ports 86, passages 84. and ports 85. Now. if an operatm' turns the regulating shaft 46 by means of the mechanism previously described, the' piston valve 87 will open a connection between lthe reservoir 76 and the first of the chambers 80 through its passage 84 and vts port 85. The piston valve will at the'same time close the portl 86 from this first chamber. These operations will take place gradually and as rapidly or slowly as the operator desires. The effect will be to close the by-pass from thatpart of the chamber 80 lating blocks 79.A W it-hin each of theeham ers 80 and fitting.

with the v arranged to be driven by theV Fig. 10. 86 designates simito close its port 86. This passage will be fully opened and the port-fully closed when this second piston valve has had sullicient` movement. In this same manner the other piston valves may be moved to o n connections between the reservoir and t eir respective chambers, and to close their respective by-passes. When all of these piston valves are open,.it may be seen that the reservolr 76 is directly connected with the left-hand side of all of the chambers and that the liquid therefrom is being forced by the gears through the check-valves 78 into the pressure tank at the full capacity of all of the pumps. I have shown anddescribed four units to this pumping apparatus as this is a convenient number, but, of course, a smaller. or larger number of them may be employed tween this pumping apparatus and the elevator are ythe same as those previously described. When it is desired to run the car down, the elevator valve may be opened without shifting the piston valves 87 a suf'- ticient amount to eiiect the operation of the ump. Consequently, the pump will run idle while the car is at rest, and also during its downward movement.

I have described 'diiierent forms of pumping apparatus and of prime movers to show that the invention is not limited to any specie form of mechanism. The plunger type of elevator is used as an illustration of this part of the combinations only because of its simplicity. In Fig. 9 the manner in which the counterweight is connected 'with the car is shown. Stop-balls 18 and 19 are usually aixed to thehand-rope 16 which are arranged to be engaged by the car as it nears the lower or upper limit of its travel and to be shifted thereby to automatically stop the car.

Instead of a cylinder and plunger for actuating the car, any other form ot' fluid pressure motor desired may be used.

By the simple means herein shown a variable pressure elevator is obtained in which both the amount of Water or other fluid which is admitted to the elevator cylinder is under direct control of the operator, and so, also, is the pressure 'at which this fluid is delivered to the elevator cylinder. The advantages of this are obvious and fill a if desired. The connections be-f 4want in the art, as these results have heretofore been accomplished only by complicated and cumbersome apparatus.

What. I claim is.-

1. The combination in an elevator, of a car, a hydraulicv motor, a reversing valve therefor, a prime mover, intermediate tiuid pressure means for transmitting the power ofthe prime mover to the motor, and unitary means for actuating the valve to cause the car to run. in either direction, and for regulating said fluid ressure means whenV the car is run in one irection.

2. The combination in an elevator, of a car, a hydraulic motor, a reversing valve therefor, a prime mover arranged to be run at a constant rate of speed, intermediate fluid pressure means for transmitting the power of the prime mover to the motor and causing the motor to run the car in one direction at different speeds at the full capacity of the prime mover, and unitary means for actuating the valve to cause the car to run in either direction and for regulating said fluid pressure means when the car is run in one direction.

' 3. The combination in an elevator, of a car, a hydraulic motor connected therewith,

a water supply, a reversing valve for the motor, a prune mover, a umping apparatus driven thereby, said hy rauhe motor being actuated by the water supply, connections betweenl the valve and the pumping apparatus so arranged that when the valve 1s opened in one direction the pump may be regulated to deliver the water to the motor at diil'erent rates and at inversely proportional pressures.

4. The combination in an elevator, of a car, a hydraulic motor connected therewith, a water supply, a reversing valve for the motor, a prime mover, a pumpin apparatus driven thereby, connections etween the valve and the pumping apparatus so arranged that When the valve is opened in one direction the pump may be re ulated to deliver the water to the motor at dilerent lrates and at inversely proportional pressures, and that when the valve is opened in the other direction the pum ing apparatus is not ail'ected, and manualpmeans for controlling the valve from the'car.

5. The combination in an elevator, of a car, a hydraulic motor connected therewith, l

a reversing valve for the motor, a prime mover, a reciprocatory pump driven thereby, mechanism for varying the length of stroke of the pump, said mechanism being connected With the valve.

6. The combination in an elevator, of a car, a hydraulic motor connected therewith, a reversing valve for the motor, a prime mover, a reciproeatory pump driven thereby, mechanism. for varying the length of stroke of the pump, said mechanism being connected with the valve, and so arranged that when the valve is opened in one direction the stroke of the pump may be inv creased from its minimum to its maximum` and when the valve 'is opened in the other direction the stroke o f the pump will remain at its minimum.

7. The combination in an elevator. of a car, a'hydranlic motor connected therewith, a reversing valve for the motor, a prime mover arranged to be run at al substantially constant rate of speed, a pumping apparatus comprising one or more pump cylinders, a piston within cach cylinder, mechanism connecting said prime mover with' said pistons` said mechanism being arranged to vary the length of stroke of said pistons and to inversely vary the pressure applied thereto by the prime mover, a connection between said valve and said piston controlling mechanism so arranged that when the valve is .opened in one direction the stroke ot' thc pistons may be increased from its minimum to its maximum., and when the valve is opened in the other direction the stroke of the pistons will remain at its minimum.

8. The combination in an elevator, of a car, a hydraulic motor connected therewith, a reversing valve for the motor, a prime mover arranged to be run at a substantially constant rate of speed, a pumping apparatus comprising one or more cylinders. a piston within each cylinder, an eccentric link mechanism connecting said prime mover with said pistons, connections between said mechanism and the valve arranged to vary the length of the stroke of said pistons from its minimum to its maximum, and to inversely vary the pressure applied thereto by the prime mover upon the valve being opened in one direction, and to permit the valve being opened 'in the other direction Without increasing the stroke of t-he pistons from its minimuln, andmanual means for controlling the valve and the pumping ap paratus from the car.

9. The combination in an elevator, of a car, a hydraulic motor connected therewith, a reversing valve for-the motor, an internal combustion engine, a water supply, a power pump driven by the engine and arranged to circulate said water at dierent. pressures, said hydraulic, motor being driven by the water and arranged to be started slowly in one direction by the pump under high pressure, and unitary manually controlled means for controlling the valve and the pump from the car.

10. The combinationv in an elevator, of a car, a hydraulic motor connected therewith, a reversing valve for the motor, an internal combustion engine, a water supply, a power pump driven by the engine constructed and arranged to circulate said water at different pressures, said hydraulic motor being actu ated by said Water and arranged to be started slowly in one direction by the water from the pump under high pressure, and to be driven at increasing speeds under correspondingly decreasing pressures, regulating means for the pump mechanically connect-` Alength of stroke of said pistons to inversely vary the pressure applied thereto by the engine, to thereby canse the motor and car to be run at different rates of speed, a mechanical connection between the valve and the link mechanism, and manual means for controlling the valve and rthe pump from,4

the car.

12. The combination in an elevator, of a car, a hydraulic motor connected therewith, a reversing valve't'or the motor, an internal combustion engine, a reciprocatory pump, a water supply, said hydraulic motor being actuated by the water supply, an eccentric link mechanism connecting said engine and pumpysaid mechanism being arranged to vary the length of strokeof the pump and to inversely vary the pressure applied to the stroke by the engine to thereby cause the hydraulic motor and the car to run at different. speeds without varying the power of the motor, a water-tight casing inclosing said pump and` connecting mechanism, said casing being arranged to form a reservoir and a pressure chamber for thc water, check 'alves between the pump, the reservoir, and the pressure chamber, a connection between the reversing valve and the link mechanism so arranged that when the valve is opened in one direction thc stroke of the pump may be increased from its minimum to its maximum, and when the valve is opened in the other direction, the stroke of the pump will remain at its maximum, and manual means for controlling the valve and the pump from the car.

13. The combination in an elevator, of a car, a hydraulic motor connected therewith, a reversing valve for the motor, an internal combustion engine arranged to be run at a substantially constant rate of speed, a pumping apparatus comprising one or more cylinders. a piston within each cylinder, an eccentric .link mechanism connecting said engine with the pistons, connections between said mechanism and the valve arranged to vary the length of stroke of said pistons from its minimum to its maximum, and to inversely vary the pressure applied thereto by the engine, upon the valve being opened in one direction, and to permitthe valve being opened in the other direction Without increasing, the stroke of the pistons from its minimum, manual means for controlling the valve and the pumping apparatus from the car, and means automatically actuated by the movement of the car for closing the valve and reducing the stroke of the pum to its minimum when the car nears the en s of its travel.

14. The combination in an elevator, of a car, a hydraulic plunger motor connected therewith, a reversing hydraulic valve for the motor, an internal combustion engine, a reciprocatory pump, a supply tank, a water supply, said hydraulic motor being actuated by the Water supply, an eccentrlc link mechanism connecting said engine and pump, said mechanism being arranged to vary the length of stroke of the pump, and to inversely vary the pressure applied to the stroke by the engine to thereby cause the hydraulic motor and the car to run at different speeds without varying the wer of the motor, a water-tight casing inclosin said pump and connecting mechanism, sai casing being arran ed to form a reservoir and a pressure cham r for the water, checkvalves between the pump, the reservoir, and the pressure chamber, pipe connections between the supply tank, the reservoir and the reversing va ve, a pipe connection between the pressure chamber and the reversing valve, a mechanical connection between the reversing valve and the link mechanism so arranged that when the valve is opened in one direction the stroke of the pump ma;r be increased from its minimum to its maximum, and when the valve is opened in the other direction, the stroke of the pump will remain at its minimum and r'nanual means for controlling the revdrsing valve and the pump from the car.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES O. PEARSON.

Witnesses:

ELLA TUcH, ERNEST W. MARSHALL.

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